A footballer needs to be…..to play as a part of a team.

2. A person needs to be…………………………to try sky surfing because it’s quite a dangerous sport.

3. An archer needs to be……………….. to hit the centre of the target.

4. A long distance runner needs to be……………….. to finish the race because they get very tired.

5. A racing driver needs to be very…………….. because he has to drive very fast and take a lot of risks.

6. You need to be ………..when you are rock climbing because you could fall and seriously injure yourself.

7. A successful sports person has to be………………… and do their best to beat other athletes.

8. An ice-skater needs to be…………………….. so that they can glide across the ice with style and ease.

A.Name 3 sports that need…

· a HELMET

· a ROPE

· WATER

B. Provide 3 examples for…

· Olympic Sports

· Team Sports

· Winter Sports

· Indoor Sports

C. Find the name of 8 dangerous Sports in the word square

D. Discuss with your group mates how sports in the USA differ from those in Ukraine.

Perfect Tenses. Active (Доконані часи. Активний стан)

- are used to describe recently completed actions.

to have + Ved/V₃

- Perfect tenses in active voice are formed in the following way:

Present Perfect Active

Past Perfect Active

Future Perfect Active

+

I, we, you, they he, she, it

have has

Ved/ V3

I, we, you, it, they, he, she

had

Ved/ V3

I, we, you, they, he, she, it

will have

Ved/ V3

e.g.

I have already visited Paris. He has already read this book.

He had already left the office, when Tom came.

They will have already written the test by 5 o’clock tomorrow.

-

I, we, you, they he, she, it

haven’t has hot

Ved/ V3

I, he, she, it we, you, they

had not

Ved/ V3

I, we, you, they, he, it, she

won’t have

Ved/ V3

e.g.

I have not visited Paris yet. He hasn’t read this book yet.

He had notleft the office yet, when Tom came.

The students won’t have written thetest by this time tomorrow.

?

Have Has

I, we, you, they he, she, it

Ved/ V3

Had

I, he, she, it we, you, they

Ved/ V3

Will

I, we, you, they, he, she, it

have + Ved/V3

e.g.

Has he already read this book?

Had he left the office yet, when Tom came?

Will the students have written the test 5 o’clock tomorrow?

USAGE of
Present Perfect	Past Perfect	Future Perfect
1) recently completed action which result is visible in the present: e.g. She has just painted her room.	1) past action which happened before another past action: e.g. She had already typed the letter before the boss arrived.	1) actions finished before a certain future time: e.g. By the end of June he will have been in Athens for two months.
2) actions beginning in the past and continuing up to the present focusing on the present with state verbs have, like, know, etc.: e.g. They have been friends for 20 years.	2) as an equivalent of the Present Perfect: e.g. Bob had always dreamed of being an actor, but he never got the chance.	2) logical assumptions about somebody’s actions: e.g. He will have gone to sleep by now.
3) indefinite Past actions or experiences: e.g. She has seen this film.
* Time expressions: since, yet, for, already, just, ever, so far, recently, lately, still.	* Time expressions: before, after, already, just, for, since, till/ until, by the time, never.	* Time expressions: this time tomorrow, tomorrow afternoon etc.

2.1. Put in the verbs in brackets into the gaps. Use Present Perfect.

1. Karen _______ me an e-mail. (to send) 2. Dave and Pat _______ the museum. (to visit) 3. I ______ at the pet shop. (to be) 4. They ______ already their rucksacks. (to pack) 5. Marcus _____ an accident. (to have) 6. We ______ the shopping for our grandmother. (to do) 7. I _____ just my bike. (to clean) 8. Emily ______ her room. (to paint) 9. Lisa and Colin _______ to a concert. (to go) 10. My friends _______ smoking. (to give up)

2.2. Write these sentences in the negative and interrogative.

1. Daisy has already phoned her mother. 2. She had already bought some books when I came. 3. He has already arrived. 4. Lucy and Paul will have already left by 5 o’clock tomorrow. 5. Charles had already booked the hotel, when the meeting was cancelled. 6. My dog has already eaten. 7. We have already drunk coffee. 8. They had already cooked dinner when I arrived. 9. You have already tasted the cake. 10. Susan had already seen the film when I suggested her to watch it. 11. Mrs. Smith had already watered the roses when the rain started. 12. They have already won the lottery.

2.3. Translate into English using the correct Present, Past, Future Perfect.

1. Скільки сторінок роману Фолкнера ти вже прочитав? 2. Ми не бачили його три дні. – Він вже давно вернувся в США. 3. Минулого року ми їздили в Нью-Йорк. З того часу ми там не були. 4. Коли ми приїхали в Сіетл, наші друзі уже поїхали звідти. 5. Новорічні свята вже завершились, коли ми поїхали в США. 6. Після того, як Майк пішов додому, я згадала, що він забув свій телефон. 7. Вони вже відвідають Метрополітен музей до цього часу завтра. 8. Він вже буде в США 2 місяці, коли я приїду.

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