GRAMMAR: Tenses used to describe Future

1 a) Will is used:

*for future facts: Our boss will celebrate his 50^th anniversary this Sunday.

*to make predictions based on a personal opinion: The train won't get us there in time.

*to make requests and offers: Will you help me to do the translation?

*with promises, threats, and refusals: I promise I'll be there on time.

*for decisions made at the time of speaking: I know, I'll get him a wallet for his birthday.

b) Shall is used in questions with I and We to ask for and make suggestions or offers:

Shall we go to the Chinese restaurant? I'll make you a cup of tea, shall I?

2 Be going to is used:

*to express plans or intentions: I'm going to do lots of work tonight.

*to make or ask for predictions in response to something which exists in the present situation:

Look, that child is going to fall if she's not careful!

3 Present Continuous is used to talk about events which are arranged for the future / fixed plans in the future: We're not having the party on Sunday now, I'm afraid.

4 Present Simple is used with future meaning when talking about timetables or programs of events:

The train arrives at 4.15.

Ex.1. Choose the correct variant:

1 This lesson ends / will end at 2 o'clock. 2 I'll go / I'm going to go shopping this afternoon. Can I get you anything? 3 I'll start / I'm going to start a new job next Monday. 4 I doubt he will apply / applies for this job. 5 Will you help / are you helping me to complete the application form? 6 I think I’m going / I'll go to London soon. 7 We are presenting / will present the new company structure next week. 8 When does the new shop open? – It will open / opens officially on 1^st September. 9 What am I going to do / shall I do if he’s late? 10 Will you do / Are you doing anything on Sunday? – We will go / are going shopping.

Ex.2. Complete the sentences using the correct form to express future meaning of the verbs in brackets:

1 I ……………… to Paris next week if I buy a ticket. (fly) 2 I ……………… you the money tomorrow. (give) 3 Next winter holidays, I ……………… with my granny in the village. (stay) 4 Have you heard the news? The company ……………… to London. (move) 5 I ……………… to the general manager on Monday. (go) 6 Our business trip starts tomorrow. We ……………… at 10. (leave) 7 Next summer I ……………… a week in the Crimea. (spend) 8 What time ………… the lecture …………? (begin) 9 I'm sure she ……………… the job. She has a lot of experience. (get) 10 According to the timetable the bus ……………… at 8.00. (arrive) 11 All the hotels are full. Where ………… we ………… the night? (spend) 12 I don't think you ……………… any problems at the airport. (have) 13 Our company ……………… its 10^th anniversary next year. (celebrate) 14 I think I ……………… a promotion this spring. (get) 15 I ……………… my bank manager tomorrow morning. (meet) 16 The football match ……………… at 6 o'clock on Sunday. (start) 17 Look out! The ladder ……………….(fall) 18 He ……………… to buy new furniture this year. (plan)

Ex.3. Choose the correct verb:

1 I (will go/am going) to a party tomorrow night. Would you like to come too? 2 According to the weather forecast it (will rain/is raining) tomorrow. 3 I'm sure Tom (will get/is getting) the job. He has a lot of experience. 4 I can't meet you this evening. A friend of mine (will come/is coming) to see me. 5 Have you decided where to go for your holidays yet? – Yes, we (will go/are going) to Italy. 6 Don't worry about the dog. It (won't hurt/isn't hurting) you.

Ex.4. Complete the sentences using the correct form of the verbs in brackets:

1 We (have) a party next Saturday. Would you like to come? 2 I (not / go) away for my holidays next month because I haven't got enough money. And you? (You / go) away? 3 The concert (start) at 7.30 this evening. 4 George, is it true that you (get married) next week? 5 The art exhibition (open) on 3 May and (finish) on 15 July. 6 What time (the next train/leave)? 7 Ann, we (go) to town, (you / соте) with us? 8 The S. S. Blue Star (arrive) on Monday according to plan. 9 The examinations (take place) next month as announced. 10 The office (close) an hour later than usual tomorrow. 11 We (have) breakfast very early tomorrow so that we can leave home before even. 12. He usually works at the station but next month he (work) at the docks for a few days each week. 13 I'm sorry I can't accept your invitation. I (have) an important meeting next Tuesday. 14 We always go to Paris on holiday. Next year I (go) to Spain for a change. 15Saturday is his day off, usually. However, he (play) in the finals of a tennis tournament next Friday so the firm (give) him both days off. 16 My uncle John from Chicago (visit) us soon. 17 As a result of the bad weather, airplanes (not / take off) tonight.

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