Item 16. 1 present perfect (positive).

Exercise 1. Complete the sentences with a verb from the list.

go invite see not/see take tell go decide finish break buy go forget

1) 'Can I have this newspaper?' 'Yes, I've finished with it.'

2) I … some new shoes. Do you want to see them?

3) 'Where is Liz?' 'She……out.'

4) I'm looking for Paula……you her?

5) Look! Somebody……that window.

6) 'Does Lisa know that you're going away?' 'Yes, I……her.'

7) I can't find my umbrella. Somebody……it.

8) I'm looking for Sarah. Where……she……?

9) I know that woman but I……her name.

10) Sue is having a party tonight. She……a lot of people.

11) What are you going to do? ……you……?

12) 'Where are my glasses?' 'I don't know. I……them.'

Exercise 2. Complete these sentences.

1. Jill is in hospital. She has been hospital since Monday.

2. I know Sarah. I have known her for a long time.

3. Linda and Frank are married. They……married since 1989.

4. Brian is ill. He …… ill for the last few days.

5. We live in Scott Road. We……there for ten years.

6. Catherine works in a bank. She……in a bank for five years.

7. Alan has a headache. He……a headache since he got up this morning.

8. I'm learning English. I……English for six months.

Exercise 3. Write for or since.

1. Jill has been in Ireland since Monday.

2. Jill has been in Ireland for three days.

3. My aunt has lived in Australia……15 years.

4. Margaret is in her office. She has been there …… 7 o'clock.

5. India has been an independent country …… 1947.

6. The bus is late. We've been waiting…… 20 minutes.

7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty …… many years.

8. Mike has been ill……a long time. He has been in hospital …October.

Exercise 4. Answer these questions. Use ago.

1. When was your last meal? Three hours ago.

2. When was the last time you were ill? ……

3. When did you last go to the cinema? ……

4. When was the last time you were in a car? ……

5. When was the last time you went on holiday? ……

Exercise 5. Complete the sentences. Use the words in brackets (...) + for or ago.

Примеры:

1. Jill arrived in Ireland three days ago (three days)

2. Jill has been in Ireland for three days (three days)

3. Linda and Frank have been married…… (20 years)

4. Linda and Frank got married…… (20 years)

5. Dan arrived…… (ten minutes)

6. We had lunch…… (an hour)

7. Silvia has been learning English…… (six months)

8. Have you known Lisa……? (a long time)

9. I bought these shoes…… (a few days)

Exercise 6. Write sentences about yourself. Begin with the words in brackets (...).

1. (I've lived)

2. (I've been)

3. (I've been learning)

4. (I've known)

5. (I've had)

Exercise 7. You are writing a letter to a friend. In the letter you give news about yourself and other people. Use the words given to make sentences. Use the present perfect.

Dear Chris,

Lots of things have happened since I last wrote to you.

1. I /buy /a new car I've bought a new car.

2. my father / start / a new job

3. I/ give up / smoking

4. Charles and Sarah / go / to Brazil

5. Suzanne / have / a baby

Exercise 8. Read the situations and write sentences. Choose one of the following:

arrive break go up grow improve lose

1. Mike is looking for his key. He can't find it. He has lost his key.

2. Margaret can't walk and her leg is in plaster. She……

3. Maria's English wasn't very good. Now it is much better……

4. Tim didn't have a beard last month. Now he has a beard……

5. This morning I was expecting a letter. Now I have it……

6. Last week the bus fare was 80 pence. Now it is 90……

Exercise 9. Put in been or gone.

1. Jim is on holiday. He's gone to Italy.

2. Hello! I've just……to the shops. I've bought lots of things.

3. Alice isn't here at the moment. She's……to the shop to get a newspaper.

4. Tom has……out. He'll be back in about an hour.

5. 'Are you going to the bank?' 'No, I've already……to the bank.'

Exercise 10. What has happened in these situations?

1. Jack had a beard. Now he hasn't got a beard. He has shaved off his beard.

2. Linda was here five minutes ago. Now she's in bed. She ……

3. The temperature was 25 degrees. Now it is only 17. The temperature ……

4. The light was off. Now it is on. Somebody......

5. The tree was only three metres high. Now it is four. The tree ……

6. The plane was on the runway a few minutes ago. Now it is in the air. The plane……

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