Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires Des

Seances De l’Academie Des Sciences, 1963;

256(11): 2433.

219 Belder, A.N.D., B. Lindberg,

O. Theander, Oxidation of glycosides.

13. Oxidation of methyl beta-D-glucopyranoside

with Fenton’s reagent. Acta

Chim. Scand., 1963; 17(4): 1012.

220 Gilbert, B.C., D.M. King, C.B. Thomas,

Radical reactions of carbohydrates.

References 907

4. Electron-spin resonance studies of

radical-induced oxidation of some aldopentoses,

sucrose, and compounds containing

furanose rings. J. Chem. Soc. –

Perkin Trans. 2, 1983 (5): 675–683.

221 Gilbert, B.C., D.M. King, C.B. Thomas,

Radical reactions of carbohydrates. 3. An

electron-spin resonance investigation of

base-catalyzed rearrangements of radicals

derived from deuterium-glucose

and related-compounds. J. Chem. Soc. –

Perkin Trans. 2, 1982 (2): 169–179.

222 Gilbert, B.C., D.M. King, C.B. Thomas,

Radical reactions of carbohydrates.

5. The oxidation of some polysaccharides

by the hydroxyl radical – an electron-

spin-resonance investigation. Carbohydrate

Res., 1984; 125(2): 217–235.

223 Gilbert, B.C., D.M. King, C.B. Thomas,

Radical reactions of carbohydrates. 2. An

electron-spin resonance study of the oxidation

of D-glucose and related-compounds

with the hydroxyl radical.

J. Chem. Soc. – Perkin Trans. 2, 1981 (8):

1186–1199.

224 McGrouther, K.G., I.D. Suckling,

R.W. Allison, D. Lachenal, Carbohydrate

degradation during oxygen delignification.

A model study of the role of transition

metals, lignin models and glucose.

International Pulp Bleaching Conference:

Poster Presentations, 2000: 31–36.

225 Morelli, R., S. Russo-Volpe, N. Bruno,

R. Lo Scalzo, Fenton-dependent damage

to carbohydrates: Free radical scavenging

activity of some simple sugars.

J. Agric. Food Chem., 2003; 51(25):

7418–7425.

226 Stenman, D., M. Carlsson, T. Reitberger,

Peroxynitrite mediated delignification of

pulp: A comparative study on the

bleaching properties of the carbonate

and hydroxyl radicals. J. Wood Chem.

Technol., 2004; 24(2): 83–98.

227 Roots, R., S. Okada, Estimation of life

times and diffusion distances of radicals

involved in X-ray-induced DNA strand

breaks or killing of mammalian cells.

Radiat. Res., 1975; 64(2): 306–320.

228 Yanagida, H., Y. Masubuchi,

K. Minagawa, T. Ogata, J. Takimoto,

K. Koyama, A reaction kinetics model of

water sonolysis in the presence of a

spin-trap. Ultrason. Sonochem., 1999;

5(4): 133–139.

229 Li, B.B., P.L. Gutierrez, N.V. Blough,

Trace determination of hydroxyl radical

in biological systems. Anal. Chem.,

1997; 69(21): 4295–4302.

230 Takeda, K., H. Takedoi, S. Yamaji,

K. Ohta, H. Sakugawa, Determination

of hydroxyl radical photoproduction

rates in natural waters. Anal. Sci., 2004;

20(1): 153–158.

231 Ohashi, Y., H. Yoshioka, H. Yoshioka,

Detection of 2-deoxy-D-ribose radicals

generated by the reaction with the hydroxyl

radical using a rapid flow-ESR

method. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.,

2002; 66(4): 847–852.

232 Biaglow, J.E., Y. Manevich, F. Uckun,

K.D. Held, Quantitation of hydroxyl radicals

produced by radiation and copperlinked

oxidation of ascorbate by 2-deoxy-

D-ribose method. Free Radical Biol.

Med., 1997; 22(7): 1129–1138.

233 Manevich, Y., K.D. Held, J.E. Biaglow,

Coumarin-3-carboxylic acid as a detector

for hydroxyl radicals generated chemically

and by gamma radiation. Radiat.

Res., 1997; 148(6): 580–591.

234 Yang, X.F., X.Q. Guo, Study of nitroxide-

linked naphthalene as a fluorescence

probe for hydroxyl radicals. Anal.

Chim. Acta, 2001; 434(2): 169–177.

235 Tai, C., X.X. Gu, H. Zou, Q.H. Guo, A

new simple and sensitive fluorometric

method for the determination of hydroxyl

radical and its application.

Talanta, 2002; 58(4): 661–667.

236 Tornberg, K., S. Olsson, Detection of hydroxyl

radicals produced by wooddecomposing

fungi. FEMS Microbiol.

Ecol., 2002; 40(1): 13–20.

237 King, M., R. Kopelman, Development of

a hydroxyl radical ratiometric nanoprobe.

Sensors and Actuators B – Chemical,

2003; 90(1–3): 76–81.

238 Vasquez-Vivar, J., J. Joseph, H. Karoui,

H. Zhang, J. Miller, P. Martasek, EPR

spin trapping of superoxide from nitric

oxide synthase. Analusis, 2000; 28(6):

487–492.

239 Ge, B., F. Lisdat, Superoxide sensor

based on cytochrome c immobilized on

mixed-thiol SAM with a new calibration

908 7Pulp Bleaching

method. Anal. Chim. Acta, 2002; 454(1):

53–64.

240 Farmer, P.J., W. Liu, Cyt c modified electrodes

for superoxide detection. Free

Radical Biol. Med., 2002; 33: S424–S424.

241 Lvovich, V., A. Scheeline, Amperometric

sensors for simultaneous superoxide

and hydrogen peroxide detection. Anal.

Chem., 1997; 69(3): 454–462.

242 Tarpey, M.M., I. Fridovich,Methods of

detection of vascular reactive species.

Nitric oxide, superoxide, hydrogen peroxide,

and peroxynitrite. Circ. Res., 2001;

89(11): 224–236.

243 Afanas’ev, I.B., Lucigenin chemiluminescence

assay for superoxide detection.

Circ. Res., 2001; 89(11): E46–E46.

244 Kocˇar, D., M. Strlicˇ, J. Kolar, B. Pihlar, A

new method for determination of hydroperoxides

in cellulose. Anal. Bioanal.

Chem., 2002; 374(7–8): 1218–1222.

245 Kolar, J., M. Strlicˇ, B. Pihlar, New colorimetric

method for determination of hydroxyl

radicals during ageing of cellulose.

Anal. Chim. Acta, 2001; 431(2):

313–319.

246 Sjostrom, E., O. Valttila, Inhibition of

carbohydrate degradation during oxygen

bleaching. 1. Comparison of various

additives. Pap. Puu, 1972; 54(11): 695.

247 Laine, C., T. Tamminen, Origin of carbohydrates

dissolved during oxygen

delignification of birch and pine kraft

pulp. Nordic Pulp Paper Res. J., 2002;

17(2): 168–171.

248 Laine, C., T. Tamminen, A. Vikkula,

T. Vuorinen, Methylation analysis as a

tool for structural analysis of wood polysaccharides.

Holzforschung, 2002; 56(6):

607–614.

249 Gustavsson, R., B. Swan, Evaluation of

the degradation of cellulose and delignification

during oxygen bleaching. Tappi,

1975; 58: 120–123.

250 Nunn, J.R., M.J.v.d. Linde. The protective

action of magnesium in oxygen

bleaching of pulp. Part 1: The complexing

of methyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside

with magnesium ions. In First International

Symposium on Delignification

with Oxygen Ozone and Peroxides.

Raleigh, North Carolina, USA: North

Caroline State University, 1975.

251 Abbot, J., D.G. Brown, G.C. Hobbs,

I.J. Jewell, P.J. Wright, The influence of

manganese and magnesium on alkaline

peroxide bleaching of radiata pine thermomechanical

pulp. Appita J., 1992;

45(2): 109.

252 Elashmawy, A.E., S.O. Heikal,

M.H. Fadl, Effect of magnesium salts

on soda-oxygen bleaching of kraft

bagasse pulp. Research and Industry,

1983; 28(2): 130–132.

253 Brown, D.G., and J. Abbot, Magnesium

as a stabilizer for peroxide bleaching of

mechanical pulp. Appita J., 1994; 47(3):

211–216.

254 Ni, Y.H., A.R.P. Van Heiningen,

G.J. Kang, A. Humphrey, R.W. Thring,

A. Skothos, Improved oxygen delignification

for magnesium-based sulfite

pulps. Tappi J., 1998; 81(10): 165–169.

255 Samuelson, O., U. Ojteg, Influence of

manganese and magnesium on oxygen

bleaching in carbonate media after a

nitrogen dioxide pretreatment. Holzforschung,

1996; 50(4): 379–385.

256 Samuelson, O., U. Ojteg, Influence of

magnesium during oxygen bleaching in

the presence of manganese. Cellulose

Chem. Technol., 1995; 29(1): 55–63.

257 Liden, J., L.O. Ohman, Redox stabilization

of iron and manganese in the +II

oxidation state by magnesium precipitates

and some anionic polymers. Implications

for the use of oxygen-based

bleaching chemicals. J. Pulp Paper Sci.,

1997; 23(5): J193–J199.

258 Wiklund, L., L.O. Ohman, J. Liden,

Solid solution formation between

Mn(II) and Mg(II) hydroxides in alkaline

aqueous solution. Nordic Pulp Paper

Res. J., 2001; 16(3): 240–245.

259 Wiklund, L., L.-O. Ohman, J. Liden, Surface

precipitation of MgCO3 on MnCO3

in aqueous solution at 90 °C. Nordic

Pulp Paper Res. J., 2001; 16: 339–345.

260 Landucci, L.L., Effects of transition metals

in oxidative delignification. In First

International Symposium on Delignification

with Oxygen Ozone and Peroxides.

Raleigh, North Carolina, USA:

North Caroline State University, 1975.

261 Sun, Y., M. Fenster, A. Yu, R.M. Berry,

D.S. Argyropoulos, The effect of metal

ions on the reaction of hydrogen perox References

ide with Kraft lignin model compounds.

Can. J. Chem.- Rev. Canadienne De Chimie,

1999; 77(5–6): 667–675.

262 Rodriguez, S.K., K.L. Wilson,

R.C. Francis, Effect of adsorbed transition

metals on hydrogen peroxide

bleaching of thermomechanical pulp.

Annual Meeting – Technical Section,

Canadian Pulp and Paper Association,

Preprints, 1996.

263 Rasanen, E., L. Karkkainen, Modelling

of complexation of metal ions in pulp

suspensions. J. Pulp Paper Sci., 2003;

29(6): 196–203.

264 Lapierre, L., R. Berry, J. Bouchard, The

effect of magnesium ions and chelants

on peroxide bleaching. Holzforschung,

2003; 57(6): 627–633.

265 Moreira, M.T., G. Feijoo, J. Canaval,

J.M. Lema, Semipilot-scale bleaching of

Kraft pulp with manganese peroxide.

Wood Sci. Technol., 2003; 37(2): 117–123.

266 Wekesa, M., Y. Ni, Stabilization of peroxide

systems by silicate and calcium carbonate

and its application to bleaching

of recycled fibres. Pulp Paper Can., 2003;

104(12): 85–87.

267 Qiu, Z., Y. Ni, Improving peroxide

bleaching by decreasing manganese

induced peroxide decomposition. International

Pulp Bleaching Conference:

Poster Presentations, 2000: 139–154.

268 Ni, Y.H., Z.P. Qiu, Methods to decrease

manganese-induced decomposition of

peroxide. Appita J., 2003; 56(5):

355–358.

269 Kishimoto, T., F. Nakatsubo, Non-chlorine

bleaching of kraft pulp – IV. Oxidation

of methyl 4-O-ethyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside

with Fenton’s reagent:

Effects of pH and oxygen. Holzforschung,

1998; 52(2): 180–184.

270 Yokoyama, T., Y. Matsumoto,

G. Meshitsuka, The role of peroxide species

in carbohydrate degradation during

oxygen bleaching. Part III: Effect of

metal ions on the reaction selectivity between

lignin and carbohydrate model

compounds. J. Pulp Paper Sci., 1999;

25(2): 42–46.

271 Wekesa, M., Y.H. Ni, Further understanding

of the chemistry of manganese-

induced peroxide decomposition.

Can. J. Chem. Eng., 2003; 81(5):

968–972.

272 Gartner, A., G. Gellerstedt, Oxidation of

residual lignin with alkaline hydrogen

peroxide. Part II: Elimination of chromophoric

groups. J. Pulp Paper Sci.,

2001; 27(7): 244–248.

Sections 7.3.3–7.3.8

1 Olm, L., A. Teder, The kinetics of oxygen

bleaching. Tappi, 1979; 62(12):

43–46.

2 Myers, M.R., L.L. Edwards, Development

and verification of a predictive

oxygen delignification model for hardwood

and softwood kraft pulp. Tappi J.,

1989; 72(9): 215–219.

3 Agarwal, S.B., et al., Kinetics of oxygen

delignification. J. Pulp Paper Sci., 1999;

25(10): 361–366.

4 Avrami, M., Kinetics of phase change II

– transformation-time relations for random

distribution of nuclei. J. Chem.

Phys., 1940; 8: 212–224.

5 Valchev, I., E. Valchev, E. Christova,

Kinetics of oxygen delignification of

hardwood kraft pulp. Cellulose Chem.

Technol., 1999; 33: 303–310.

6 Macleod, J.M., J. Li, Alkaline leaching of

kraft pulps for lignin removal. In TAPPI

Pulping Conference, 1992.

7 Ackert, J.E., D.D. Koch, L.L. Edwards,

Displacement chlorination of kraft

pulps – an experimental study and comparison

of models. Tappi, 1975; 58(10):

141–145.

8 Edwards, L., S. Norberg, Tappi, 1973;

56(11): 108–111.

9 Hsu, C.L., J.S. Hsieh, Oxygen bleaching

kinetics at ultra-low consistency. Tappi

J., 1987: 107–111.

10 Hsu, C.L., J.S. Hsieh, Reaction kinetics

in oxygen bleaching. AIChE J., 1988;

34(1): 116–122.

11 Iribarne, J., L.R. Schroeder, High pressure

oxygen delignification of kraft

pulps I – Kinetics. Tappi Proceedings –

Pulping Conference, 1995: 125–133.

12 Iribarne, J., L.R. Schroeder, High-pressure

oxygen delignification of kraft

910 7Pulp Bleaching

pulps. Part I: kinetics. Tappi J., 1997;

80(10): 241–250.

13 Vincent, A.H.D., K.L. Nguyen,

J.F. Mathews, Kinetics of oxygen

delignification of eucalypt kraft pulp.

Appita, 1994; 47(3): 217–220.

14 Zou, H., et al., Influence of kraft pulping

on the kinetics of oxygen delignification.

Tappi, 2000; 83(2): 65–71.

15 Axegard, P., S. Moldenius, L. Olm,

Basic chemical kinetics equations are

useful for understanding of pulping

processes. Svensk. Papperstidn., 1979;

82(5): 131–136.

16 Schoon, N.H., Interpretation of rate

equation for kinetic studies of wood

pulping and bleaching. Svensk. Papperstidn.,

1982: R185–R193.

17 Nguyen, K.L., H. Liang, Kinetic model

of oxygen delignification. Part 1– effect

of process variables. Appita J., 2002;

55(2): 162–165.

18 Quillin, D.T., et al., Crystallinity in the

polypropylene/cellulose system – crystallization

kinetics. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.,

1994; 52: 605.

19 Agarwal, S.B., et al., Kinetics of oxygen

delignification. J. Pulp Paper Sci., 1999;

25(10): 361–366.

20 Jarrehult, B., Oxygen-alkali treatment of

kraft pulp and cellobitol. In Institutionen

for Teknisk Kemi. PhD-Thesis,

Chalmers Tekniska Hogskola: Goteborg,

1992.

21 Jarrehult, B., O. Samuelson, Oxygen

bleaching of kraft pulps at low consistency.

Svensk. Papperstidn., 1978; 81:

533–540.

22 Ekenstam, A., Uber das Verhalten der

Cellulose in Mineralsaure-Losungen, II.

Mitteilung: Kinetisches Studium des

Abbaus der Cellulose in Saurelosungen.

Ber. Dtsch. Chem. Ges., 1936; 69:

553–559.

23 Godsay, M.P., E.M. Pearce, Physicochemical

properties of ozone oxidized

kraft pulps. In Tappi Symposium – Oxygen

Delignification, 1984.

24 Immergut, E.H., B.G. Ranby, H.F.

Mark, Molecular weight of cellulose.

Дата добавления: 2015-10-21