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There are three main sectors in any economy: the primary sector, the secondary sector, and the tertiary sector.
The primary sector of economy includes industries that get goods from nature, such as agriculture and mining. There are two main branches in agriculture: crop and animal farming. Mining partially belongs to the secondary sector as mineral resources need industrial processing. Forestry, fishing, and beekeeping also belong to this sector.
Manufacturing industries which produce goods by means of mechanical, electrical or chemical, but not manual, processing of resources belong to the secondary sector. People who do not produce goods but provide different services for plants and factories work for the secondary sector, for example plant and factory managers. The sector also includes companies that provide fuel, energy, and transport for manufacturing.
The tertiary sector provides different services to consumers, such as trade, transport, banking, insurance and other public services. Teachers, doctors, tourist agents, drivers, lawyers, etc[1]work in the tertiary sector.
There are countries which are rich in land. They can use land intensively and produce agricultural products and minerals. Manufacturing plays an important role in the world economy, but there is a tendency for the growth of the service sector in many economies, especially in industrialized countries.
Ex.5.Дайте відповіді на питання:
Ex.6 Розкрийте дужки:
2. Not only goods but also services (to be) important for consumers.
3. The industry (not/ to use) the resources intensively.
4. The factory (to belong) to a Japanese company.
5. The primary sector (not/ to include) services to consumers.
6. There (to be) a lot of agricultural land in this part of the country.
7. Manufacturing (to grow) fast in the UK and mining (not/ to grow) fast now.
8. There (to be) several industries which (to belong) to the primary sector.
9. You (to be) a manager?
Ex. 7. Підкресліть Participle 1 або II та перекладіть речення українською:
1.The road, joining the two villages is very narrow.
2. Most of the goods made in this factory are exported.
3. The newspapers, bought by him, were not interesting.
4. Seen that film, I thought long time.
5. Traveling abroad don’t forget your self phone.
6.If produced by friction heat is usually considered as useless work.
7.Let us suppose that you are standing in a railroad station watching a passing-by freight train.
8.Electrical energy is transformed into light energy in the electric lamp.
9.Steam is usually generated in a boiler by a fire.
10. All methods of measuring temperature changes are based on the ways in which materials
change physically when heated.
11. The work which is being done at present in the laboratory is aimed at solving such problems
as blood clotting and infection.
12. Women who are treated with this drug should avoid breastfeeding.
13. Eventually people developed techniques of growing food and tools made out of stone and
later, metal.
Ex. 8. Розкрийте дужки вживаючи Participle I або Participle II:
1. Supply of agricultural products (depending/ depended) on weather conditions.
2. A book (dealing/ dealt) with problems of education economics.
3. Consumption (growing/ grown) every year.
4. Differences in buyers’ behaviour (considering/ considered) by the economist.
5. The number of engineers (employed/ employing) by this company has increased two times.
6. New (introduced/ introducing) methods of education helped the students to understand the material better.
7. (Pushing/ having pushed) the people aside, he made his way though the crowd.
8. They all stood silently (looking/ being looked) at one another.
9. Closely (connecting/ connected) enterprises have developed good relationships.
10. Plants (supplying/ supplied) with the necessary resources get high profits.
Домашнє завдання:
Ex.1. Вивчити новий лексичний матеріал.
Ex.9. Переказати текст« Sectors of economy»
Ex.10. Розкрийте дужки вживаючи Participle I або Participle II:
1. Quickly (taking/ having taken) her handkerchief, she hid her face in it.
2. The goods (producing/ produced) by this company are sold very quickly.
3. (Entering/ having entered) his own room, he saw some children there.
4. They paused (looking/being looked) at each other.
5. The water (consuming/ consumed) by this plant is taken from the Volga.
6. (Increasing/ increased) degree of concentration in the industry causes less competition.
7. Nick looked at the moon (coming/ having come) up over the hills.
Питання для самоконтролю:
1. What are the main sectors in any economy?
2. What do the secondary and the tertiary sectors include?
Unit 4 Market Economies. Participle.
Ринкова економіка. Дієприкметник.
Ex.1. Прочитайте та запам’ятайте новий лексичний матеріал:
Ex. 2. Прочитайте та перекладіть текст:
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