Economics

Economics is the social science that analyses the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. The term ‘Economics’ comes from Ancient Greece. Economics aims to explain how economies work and how economic agents interact. Economic analysis is applied throughout society, in business, finance and government, but also in crimes, education, the family, health, low, politics, religion, social institutions, war and science.

Most often, the economy is divided into microeconomics (small economy) and macroeconomics (large economy) that examines the country’s large international union and the world at large.

In economic science used standard methods of dialectics and logics. In general scientific methods of study of economic processes include methods such as:

Analysis and synthesis;

Induction and deduction;

Method of abstraction.

If to speak about Ukraine you should know that the basis of the Ukrainian economy - formed back in Soviet times capital, received by private owners in independent Ukraine during the period of mass privatization.

The main economic problems are unemployment, child labor, corruption, inflation, imperfect banking system.

Ex.5. Складіть власний діалог, використовуючи інформацію з тексту.

Ex. 6. Розкрийте дужки вживаючи дієслова в Present абоPast Simple.

1. Tom always (to eat) breakfast. 2. Yesterday he (not to eat) breakfast because he (to get) up late. 3. We (to like) to cook but we (not to like) to wash the dishes. 4. He never (to shout) at his students. He (to be) a wonderful teacher, I remember. 5. My friend (to know) Spanish very well. 6. Who (to ring) you up an hour ago? 7. He (to live) on the third floor. 8. It (to take) you long to find his house yesterday? 9. When your lessons (to be) over on Monday? 10. I (to have) dinner with my family yesterday.

Ex. 7.Розкрийте дужки вживаючи дієслова Present Simple або Present Continuous.

1. Jack ______ not work at his father's store. 2 ______ you have a job? 3.Kate ______ works at a restaurant. 4. Tom ______ working this afternoon.5. ______ you working today? 6. Emily and Sara ______ working atthe ice cream store this summer. 7. ______ Eric planning to get a job thissummer? 8. ______ you plan to get a job, too? 9. Dennis ______ wearsjeans to work every day. 10. She ______ a carpenter. 11. Today she______ working at the Hill's house. 12. She and her partner Scott ______building a new porch for Mr. and Mrs. Hill.

Ex. 8. Розкрийте дужки вживаючи дієслова в одному із часів: Present Simple, Past Simple, Present Continuous, Past Continuous.

1. Where you (to be) yesterday? — I (to be) at home the whole day. — How strange. I (to ring) you up at two o'clock, but nobody (to answer). — Oh, I (to be) in the garden. I (to read) your book and (not to hear) the telephone. 2. What you (to do) at five o'clock yesterday? — I (to work) in the library. — I (to be) there, too, but I (not to see) you. 3. Nina (to celebrate) her birthday yesterday. Her room looked beautiful, there (to be) many flowers in it. When I (to come) in, somebody (to play) the piano, two or three pairs (to dance). 4. Listen! Somebody (to play) the piano. 5. I (to like) music very much. 6. When I (to look) out of the window, it (to rain) heavily and people (to hurry) along the streets. 7. What you (to do) at seven o'clock yesterday? — I (to have) supper. 8. When I (to come) home yesterday, I (to see) that all my family (to sit) round the table. Father (to read) a letter from my uncle, who (to live) in Kiev. 9. Yesterday I (to work) at my English from five till seven. 10. It (to rain) the whole day yesterday. 11. Where your sister (to be) now? — She (to be) in her room. She (to do) her homework.

Ex. 9. Перекладіть англійською мовою, вживаючи дієслова у Past Simple або Present Continuous.

1. Що ти робив, коли прийшли твої батьки? Я робив уроки.

2. Коли він дивився телевізор, задзвонив телефон.

3. Хто допомагав тобі прибирати в кімнаті?

4. Що він робив вчора о сьомій? – Він працював над доповіддю.

5. Ми побачили білку, коли гуляли у лісі.

6. Вчора о шостій я робив уроки, а мама читала газети.

7. Вчора о сьомій ми обговорювали це питання.

8. Коли він прийшов додому, його сім’я обідала.

9. Бабуся побачила, що онук грає у дворі.

10. Він розповів тобі цю історію? – Так, він розповів її мені о третій годині.

Домашнє завдання:

Ex.3. Вивчити новий лексичний матеріал.

Ex.10.Підготувати повідомлення щодо важливості вашої майбутньої професії та дати визначення терміну економіка.

Ex. 11. Розкрийте дужки, вживаючи потрібну форму дієслова:

1) Look! Mary _______________(jump) into the water

2) Tom is not at home, he ________________(study) in the library

3) Once a week I ________________(go) to an art class

4) It often _________________(rain) in London

5) Wood _________________(float)

6) Be quiet Peter! Your father _____________________(sleep)

7) I ________________(do) my hair when the telephone rang

8) I _________________(have) a dream last night

9) I __________________(not like) cheese but I ___________(eat) it last night

10) She _______________(write) the letter ten minutes ago

11) While my father _________________(read) the newspaper, my mother ____________

(cook)

12) My brother was watching TV when his friend _______________(phone)

13) Yesterday at seven o´clock I _________________(walk) the dog

14) My sister ___________________(see) Titanic twice

15) __________________________(you / ever / be) to France?

16) They _______________________(live) in this house for ten years

17) I __________________________(not see) Mary since her birthday

18) ____________________________(your brother / tidy) his room yet?

19) We __________________________(already / buy) the present

20) She _________________________(just / arrive)

21) I _____________________ to the cinema yesterday. (to go)

22) Peter _____________________ 13 tomorrow. (to be)

23) My friend_____________________ to music every evening. (to listen)

24) They _____________________ their car. It looks new again. (to clean)

25) Listen! Mr Jones _____________________ the piano. (to play)

26) She _____________________ her left arm two weeks ago. (to break)

27) We _____________________ a test now. (to write)

28) Danny _____________________ a book this evening. (to read)

29) Ken and Emily often_____________________ lunch at school. (to have)

30) He _____________________ his money. So he can't buy this hamburger. (to lose)

Питання для самоконтролю:

1. What is economics?

2. Is the economy divided into microeconomics and macroeconomics?

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