Planning and organising

The main functions are planning, organising, staffing, leading and controlling.

Planning involves selecting objectives and the actions to achieve them, it requires decision making.

Decision making is choosing future courses of action from among alternatives. No real plan exists until a decision has been made. Before a decision is made, all we have is a planning study, an analysis, or a proposal, but not a real plan.

Planning bridges a gap from where we are to where we want to be in a desired future. It strongly implies not only the introduction of new things but also sensible and workable implementation.

There is no more important and basic element in establishing an environment for performance than enabling people to know their purposes and objectives, the tasks to be performed, and the guidelines to be followed in performing them. If group effort is to be effective, people must know what they are expected to accomplish.

Organising. People working together in groups to achieve some goals must have roles to play, much like the parts actors fill in a drama.

The concept of a “role” implies that what people do has a definite purpose; they know how their job objective fits into group effort, and they have the necessary authority, tools and information to accomplish the task.

Organising is that part of managing that involves establishing an intentional structure of roles for people to fill in organisation. It is intentional in the sense of making sure that all the tasks are assigned to people who can do them best. The purpose of an organization structure is to help in creating an environment for human performance.

To design an effective organisation structure is not an easy managerial task. Many problems are involved in making structures fit situations, including both defining the kind of jobs that must be done and finding the people to do them.

Запомните необходимый минимум профессиональной лексики.

assign a task	поручать задание, работу
create	создавать
enable	делать возможным
fit into	совпадать, соответствовать
guidelines	директивы, руководящие указания
implement	осуществлять
perform	выполнять, работать
propose	предлагать
require	требовать чего-либо, нуждаться в чем-либо
select	выбирать

Определите, какой частью речи являются следующие слова и переведите их.

necessary, structure, important, proposal, strongly

Дата добавления: 2015-08-13