Interpretation of the text

Exercise 1. Match the definitions with the terms:

1) phraseological units	a) are binary phrases in which one of the components has a phraseologically bound meaning dependent on the other
2) phrasemes	b) is the quality of phraseological unit, when the meaning of the whole is not deducible from the sum of the meanings of the parts.
3) idiom	c) a figure of speech that implies comparison between two unlike entities.
4) idiomaticity	d) a figure of speech involving a comparison between two unlike entities. indicated by the words “like” or “as.”
5) stability	e) as units of fixed context, i.e. phrases with a specific and stable sequence of certain lexical components and peculiar semantic relations between them.
6) simile	f) often defined as a phrase, developing a meaning which cannot be readily analyzed into the several semantic elements which would ordinarily be expressed by the words making up the phrase
7) metaphor	g) exists as a ready-made linguistic unit which does not allow of any variability of its lexical components of grammatical structure

1) – e) 3) – f) 5) – g) 7) – c)

2) – a) 4) – b) 6) – d)

Exercise 2. Insert the words missing in the text:

Metaphor transformed comparison idiomaticity animals phraseological unit literal meaning calf stability

The meaning of phraseological units can be fully or partially 1)_______. The full transference means 2)_______. Idiomaticity is the quality of 3)____________, when the meaning of the whole is not deducible from the sum of the meanings of the parts. Idiomaticity and stability are regarded as two different aspects of word-groups. 4)__________of a phraseological unit implies that it exists as a ready-made linguistic unit which does not allow of any variability of its lexical components of grammatical structure, e.g. all the word and his wife, 5)_____love, to gild the pill.

The partial transference means that at least one of the components is used in its 6)____________. This happens in similes. Adjectives are used in their literal, e.g. as old as the hills, as mad as a hatter. The names of 7)_______is figurative, e.g. as brave as a lion, as busy as a bee. Simile is a figure of speech involving a 8)________between two unlike entities. In the simile, unlike the 9)______, the resemblance is explicitly indicated by the words “like” or “as.”

Keys:

1) transformed 6) literal meaning

2) idiomaticity 7) animals

3) phraseological unit 8) comparison

4) stability 9) metaphor

5) calf

Exercise 3. Answer the questions:

1) What is the basic unit of phraseology?

2) Name the essential features of phraseological units.

3) What do you know about set phrases?

4) What does the partial transference means?

5) How can we distinguish between simile and metaphor?

6) Why do we use simile?

7) Why the idiomatic aspect of a language has always been the most difficult part for a foreigner to master?

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