Переведите безличные предложения. Обратите внима­ ние на их специфику.

1. 7/ is well known that personal computers enjoy great pop­ularity among experimenters and hobbyists. 2. // took years to produce a high-speed computer performing a lot of functions. 3. When making up the summary of the text one should put down the exact title of the article, the author's name and the date of the edition. 4. It is difficult to imagine modern life with-

139 Unit 10. Personal Computers

out a computer. 5. It is quite impossible to listen to your En­glish pronunciation: you make bad mistakes while reading. 6. Concerning these substances one must say that they vary in their composition. 7. When working with these substances one should be very careful. 8. // was once a universal practice to man-ifacture each of the components separately and then assemble the complete device by wiring (монтаж) the components together with metallic conductors. 9. It was no good: the more compo­nents and interactions, the less reliable the system. 10. // should first be made clear what the term "microelectronics" means.

14. Вспомните формы причастий, проанализируйте и пе­
реведите следующие предложения:

Participle Active Passive

_____ Present using being used

______ Past________________ ------ ________________ used________

_____ Perfect having used Having been used

1. The results obtained are of particular importance for our research. 2. Having obtained the required results we informed the manager of this fact. 3. The necessary data having been obtained, we could continue our experiment. 4. Being obtained the results of the research were analysed. 5. While operating with graphi­cal interface people usually use such manipulators as a mouse and a track ball. 6. Key-to-disk devices used as data recording stations can correct data before storing it on a magnetic disk. 7. D.Mendeleyev having arranged the elements in a table, the ex­istence of yet unknown elements could be predicted. 8. All the necessary preparations having been done, the operator began assembling the machine. 9. Being built on the basis of transis­tors lasers are successfully used in technology.

15. Переведите сложноподчиненные предложения. Запом­
ните союзы (союзные слова), вводящие придаточные
предложения: that; so that; if, whether; which; when; while;
since; till; until; whatever; whenever; in order to; regardless
of, etc.

1. It is well known in computer science that the words "com­puter" and "processor' are used interchangeably. 2. The opera­tion part of the instruction is decoded so that the proper arith-

Английский язык. Основы компьютерной грамотности 140

metic and logic operation can be performed. 3. It is difficult to establish whether this problem can be solved at all. 4. Programs and data on which the control unit and the arithmetic-logical unit operate must be in internal memory in order to be pro­cessed. 5. The CU has a register that temporarily holds the in­structions read from memory while it is being executed. 6. Re­gardless o/the nature of the I/O devices, I/O interfaces are required to convert the input data to the internal codes used by the computer and to convert internal codes to a format which is usable by the output devices. 7. The purpose of registers in the ALU is to hold the numbers and the results of the calculation until they can be transferred to the memory. 8. Since the com­puter deals with pulses, the input device is a way of converting numbers written on paper into pulses and sending them to the storage. 9. The principal characteristics of personal computers are that they are single-user system and are based on micropro­cessors. 10. However, although personal computers are designed as single-user systems, it is common to link them together to form a network.

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