Определите основную идею текста. a) Competitive swimming is one of the most popular participant sports in the world.

a) Competitive swimming is one of the most popular participant sports in the world.

b) Swimming is a valuable activity.

c) Human beings have been swimming for thousands of years.

d) People can swim in ponds, lakes, rivers, seas, oceans, and pools large enough for their free movement.

TEXT 9

First Aid

(1) Despite the variety of injuries possible, several principles of first aid apply to all emergencies. The first step is to call for professional medical help. Determine that the scene of the accident is safe before attempting to provide first aid. Next, assess the scene, asking bystanders or the injured person’s family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and preexisting conditions such as diabetes or heart trouble.

(2) First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist. One method for evaluating a victim’s condition is known by the acronym ABCs, which stands for:

A – Airway – is it open and unobstructed?

B – Breathing – is the person breathing? Look, listen, and feel for breathing.

C – Circulation – is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding externally? Check skin color and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems.

(3) Once obvious injuries have been evaluated, the injured person’s head should be kept in a neutral position in line with the body. If no evidence exists to suggest potential skull or spinal injury, place the injured person in a comfortable position. Positioned on one side, a victim can vomit without choking or obstructing the airway.

(4) Before treating specific injuries, protect the victim from shock -a depression of the body’s vital functions that, left untreated, can result in death. Shock occurs when blood pressure (pressure exerted against blood vessel walls) drops and the organs do not receive enough blood, depriving them of oxygen and nutrients. The symptoms of shock are anxiety or restlessness; pale, cool, clammy skin; a weak but rapid pulse; shallow breathing; bluish lips; and nausea. These symptoms may not be apparent immediately, as shock can develop several hours after an accident. To prevent shock, the victim should be covered with blankets or warm clothes to maintain a normal body temperature. The victim’s feet should be elevated. Because of the danger of abdominal injuries, nothing should be administered by mouth.

(Microsoft Encarta, 2008)

1. Определите, является ли утверждение:

Several principles of first aid can be applied to some emergencies.

a) истинным

b) в тексте нет информации

c) ложным

2. Определите, является ли утверждение:

First of all it’s necessary to evaluate a victim’s condition with the help of the ABC method.

a) в тексте нет информации

b) ложным

c) истинным

3. Определите, является ли утверждение:

In some cases the injured person may be placed in a comfortable position.

a) ложным

b) истинным

c) в тексте нет информации

4. Определите, является ли утверждение:

Shock always develops immediately after an accident.

a) истинным

b) ложным

c) в тексте нет информации

5. Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:

To provide first aid it’s necessary to assess the scene of the accident.

a) 2

b) 4

c) 3

d) 1

6. Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:

Skin color and temperature should be checked.

a) 3

b) 2

c) 1

d) 4

7. Ответьте на вопрос:

What arethe symptoms of shock?

a) The symptoms of shock are uneasiness; ashen, warm, clammy skin; a weak but rapid pulse; shallow breathing; bluish lips; and nausea.

b) The symptoms of shock are distress or restlessness; pale, cool, dry skin; a weak and slow pulse; shallow breathing; bluish lips; and nausea.

c) The symptoms of shock are anxiety or restlessness; white, cool, clammy skin; a feeble but rapid pulse; deep breathing; pale lips; and sickness.

d) The symptoms of shock are worry; pale, cold, clammy skin; a weak but quick pulse; not deep breathing; bluish lips; and nausea.

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