A Musical World

Music reached its pinnacle in the nineteenth century. Every leading nation produced its share of great composers. There was a bewildering array of national schools and musical styles as the once obscure musician came into his own. Music became a widespread and democratic art. The ardent music lover turned to Vienna as the music center at the beginning of the last century. However, Paris was not far behind, especially in the field of operatic music. As the century progressed, the Germans became paramount* in orchestral and symphonic music. The growth of German music can be said to have culminated with Ludwig van Beethoven.

Sample Sentences: Take command of the new words in these sentences.

1. The president faced an imposing _______ of reporters.

2. The party will _______ with the award for the most original costume.

3. The ______ of fame and success is often a transient* stage.

4. He expressed his —————— love by writing poems.

5. The _______ artist waits for the inevitable* day of recognition.

Definitions: Match-up time for new words and definitions.

6. Pinnacle ________ a. passionate, eager

7. array ___________b. summit, peak, top, crown

8. obscure _________c. arrangement, system

9. ardent __________d. unknown, lowly, unclear

10. culminate _______e. reach the highest point

Today's Idiom: to break the ice— to make a beginning, to overcome stiffness between strangers

All after-dinner speakers break the ice by telling a story or joke at the start of their speeches.

27th Week / 2nd Day

New Words: constrict prodigy bereft falter exultation

A GiantComposer

Beethoven was able to free music from the traditions* that had tended to constrict it. He was a child prodigy who held an important musical post at the age of 14. He was a success­ful concert pianist, but when his health began to fail he turned to composing. Even though bereft of hearing at the age of 49, he did not falter in his work. Some of his later compositions reflect his sadness with his physical condition, but they also evince * an exultation about man and life.

Sample Sentences: Place the new words in these sentences.

1. The catastrophe* left him _________ of all his possessions.

2. When the hostile* forces were driven from the gates, the population was filled with ___________.

3. It is imprudent* for a youngster to _________ her circle of friends so that there is no opportunity to meet new people.

4. There is universal wonder when some _________ appears on the stage to per­form at the age of 4 or 5.

5. Though he knew well the danger involved, the knight did not ————————— as he entered the dragon's cave.

Definitions: Your personal test follows through matching.

6. constrict ——— a. triumphant Joy

7. prodigy ——— b. stumble, hesitate, waver

8. bereft ——— c. deprived of

9. falter ——— d. limit, bind, squeeze

10. exultation ___ e. marvel, phenomenon

Today*s Idiom, loaded for bear— to be well prepared

When the enemy finally attacked the positions, the de­fenders were loaded for bear.

27th Week / 3rd Day

New Words: vitriolic invective besmirch voluminous retrospect

A WorthySuccessor

A successor to Beethoven was Johannes Brahms. Also a prodigy,* he was the object of vitriolic attacks by other com­posers because of the individuality of his work. They heaped invective upon him for the intensely emotional quality and Germanic style of his writings. However, it was impossible to besmirch his talents for long, and he was soon one of the most popular composers in Europe. He produced voluminous va­rieties of compositions. Today, in retrospect, his originality is appreciated, and he is placed among the top romantic com­posers.

Sample Sentences: Complete the following sentences with the new words.

1. It is difficult to keep _________ out of our discussion about the enemy.

2. The anthropologist** came back with _________ material showing how life on this continent originated.

3. The candidate tried to _________ his opponent's record.

4. In the future we will, in _________, regard today's bizarre* behavior as quite ordinary.

5. The _________ language used by critics of the new play tended to obliterate* its good qualities.

Definitions: Study the paragraph and sample sentences for the meanings.

6. vitriolic ——— a. insulting, abusive speech

7. invective ___ b. bulky, large

8. besmirch ——— c. soil, stain, dim the reputation

9. voluminous ___ d. biting, burning

10. retrospect ___ e. looking backward

Today's Idiom to bring down the house— to cause great enthusiasm

Michael Jackson can be counted on to bring down the house at every public performance.

27th Week / 4th Day

New Words: egotist humility pungent inveterate adamant

Gruff butLikeable

In his private life Brahms was considered by his friends as an egotist. He had an extremely lofty opinion of himself and his talents. He was not noted for his humility. Along with this quality, Brahms was known for his pungent sense of humor. While his closest friends could accept his biting jokes, others found him difficult to warm up to. Brahms was an inveterate stay-at-home. Cambridge University conferred an honorary degree upon him, but he was adamant about staying at home and did not go to receive the honor. Despite the ardent" and romantic nature of his music, Brahms never found the right girl and remained single throughout his life.

Sample Sentences: Use the new words in these sentences.

1. Doctors agree that it is imperative* that ________ smokers give up that im-

prudent* habit.

2. The ———————— odor of burning leaves marks the autumn season.

3. The umpire was ———————— about his decision to call the runner out.

4. We all expect ________ from the actors and actresses who win the Academy Awards.

5. However, we are not surprised to find that the best performer is also an _________ about his ability.

Definitions: Make the new words yours through the match-ups.

6. egotist _________ a. humbleness, modesty, meekness

7. humility ________ b. a vain, conceited person

8. pungent _______ c. unyielding, inflexible

9. inveterate ——— d. sharply stimulating, biting

10. adamant —— e. habitual, firmly established

Today’s Idiom to pull one's weight— to do a fair share of the work

Everyone in a pioneer family had to pull his or her own weight.

28th Week / 1st Day

New Words: vulnerable bedlam cacophony exploit propinquity

A Dangerous Sport

Racing car drivers are vulnerable to dangers that other sportsmen face. Drivers agree that controlling a car at top speeds on a winding course is a singularly* awesome* ex­perience. There is the bedlam caused by the roaring motors that move the car from a standing start to 100 miles an hour in eight seconds. One is shaken by the cacophony of the brakes, larger than the wheels and producing during the course of a 350-mile race enough heat to warm an eight-room house through a hard winter. The driver needs to be on the alert to exploit any mistake by an opponent, and he must be constantly aware of the propinquity of sudden death. All of this makes car racing one of the most demanding games of all.

Sample Sentences: Insert the new words in the sentences.

1. Astronauts are alert to the ——————— of sudden accidents.

2. The egotist* is ———————— to slights and insults.

3. Electronic music is considered nothing more or less than _____ by many.

4. Advertisers spend large sums to —— - ————— the lucrative* teenage market.

5. The winning team's dressing room was a scene of _______.

Definitions: Match your new words to their definitions.

6. vulnerable — — a. discord, harsh sound, dissonance

7. bedlam _____ b. open to attack, susceptible

8. cacophony —— c. profit by, utilize

9. exploit (v.) ___d. nearness in time or place

10. propinquity ——e. confusion, uproar

Today's Idiom: a white elephant— a costly and useless possession

When he discovered the 30-volume encyclopedia, dated 1895, in his attic, he knew he had a white elephant on his hands.

28th Week / 2nd Day

New Words: disgruntled infallible panacea eradicate impede

The Mysteryof Creativity

In order to create, it is said that a man must be disgruntled. The creative individual is usually one who is dissatisfied with things as they are; he wants to bring something new into the world—to make it a different place. There is no infallible way to identify a potentially creative person. The speed-up in the sciences has forced schools and industry to seek a panacea for the shortages that they face. The need to discover and develop the creative person has been the source of much study. The paramount" objectives of the studies are to eradi­cate anything that will impede the discovery of creative talent and to exploit* this talent to the limit.

Sample Sentences: Place the new words in these sentences.

1. It is the prevalent* mood for youngsters to be ———————— with the world situa­tion.

2. Many people hoped that the United Nations would be the ——— ———— for the problems of our time.

3. The criminal tried to ________ all of the witnesses to the bizarre* murder.

4. An ———————— sign of spring is the blooming of the crocus.

5. Nothing could ———— the bigot* from his vitriolic* verbal attack.

Definitions: Match the new words with their definitions.

6. disgruntled ——— a. exempt from error, right

7. infallible _______ b. unhappy, displeased

8. panacea ——— c. wipe out

9. eradicate _____ d. cure-all

10. impede ——— e. interfere, block, hinder

Today's Idiom lock, stock, and barrel— entirely, completely

The company moved its operations to another state lock, stock, and barrel.

28th Week / 3rd Day

New Words: sedate equanimity compatible serenity revere

The Dutch

The first impression one gets of Holland is that it is a calm, sedate and simple land. The slow rhythm of life is even seen in the barges on the canals and the bicycles on the roads. One gradually discovers this equanimity of daily existence is not in accord with the intrinsic* nature of the Dutch. These people are moved by strong feelings that are not compatible with the serenity of the world around them. There is a con­flict between the rigid, traditional social rules and the desire for liberty and independence, both of which the Dutch revere.

Sample Sentences: Pay attention to the fine differences in meaning.

1. There is something absurd * about a well-dressed, ————— man throwing snowballs.

2. The ________ of the countryside was shattered by the explosion.

3. The speaker lost his ——————— and began to use invective* when the audience started to laugh.

4. The boy and girl discovered they had many ———————— interests.

5. There are not many people in this world whom one can —————.

Definitions: Match the new words with their definitions.

6. sedate —— a. peaceful repose

7. equanimity ___ b. quiet, still, undisturbed, sober

8. compatible ___ c. evenness of mind, composure

9. serenity ___ d. honor, respect, admire

10. revere ____ e. harmonious, well-matched

Today's Idiom: a feather in one's cap— something to be proud of

If she could get the movie star's autograph, she knew it would be a feather in her cap.

28th Week / 4th Day

New Words: irrational avarice insatiable nadir moribund

Tulip Fever

The tulip reached Holland in 1593 and was, at first, looked upon as a curiosity. There soon developed an irrational de­mand for new species. Specimens were sold at awesomely* high prices. In their avarice, speculators bought and sold the same tulip ten times in one day. The entire Dutch population suffered from the craze. There was an insatiable desire for each new color or shape. At one point a man purchased a house for three bulbs! Before long the inevitable* crash came| and the demand for bulbs quickly reached its nadir. A $1,500 bulb could be bought for $1.50. With the moribund tulip market came financial disaster to thousands of people.

Sample Sentences: Fill in the blank spaces with the new words.

1. Who is not vulnerable* to some measure of ————————?

2. The American consumer appears to have an ———— need for new products,

3. He looked upon the last-place finish of his team with equanimity;* from this __________ the only place to go was up.

4. We ought to expect some ——————— behavior from a senile* person.

5. With the expansion of the supermarket, the small, local grocery store is in a ———— state.

Definitions: Match the new words with their definitions.

6. irrational —— a. lowest point

7. avarice ______ b. dying, at the point of death

8. insatiable —— c. unreasonable, absurd

9. nadir —— d. greed, passion for riches

10. moribund _____ e. cannot be satisfied

Today's Idiom: out on a limb— in a dangerous or exposed position

He went out on a limb and predicted he would win the election by a wide margin.

29th Week 1st Day

New Words: lithe obese adherent bliss pathetic

A Sport for Everyone

Of the many highly popular sports in the United States, football must be rated around the top. This sport allows the speedy and lithe athlete to join with the slower and obese one in a team effort. The skills and strengths of many men are welded together so that one team may work as a unit to gain mastery over its opponent. The knowledgeable adherent of a team can follow action covering many parts of the playing field at the same time. He is in a state of bliss when his team executes a movement to perfection. However, there is no one more pathetic than the same fan when the opposition functions to equal perfection.

Sample Sentences: Use the new words in these sentences.

1. The disgruntled* _______ switched his loyalty to the opposition party.

2. It was a pleasure to watch the__________________ body of the ballet dancer as she performed the most difficult steps.

3. There is something ____________about a great athlete who continues to compete long after he has been bereft* of his talents.

4. His insatiable* hunger for sweets soon made him _________.

5. Oh, what _______ could be seen in the eyes of the ardent* couple as they announced their engagement!

Definitions: Match the new words with their definitions.

6. lithe___________ a. backer, supporter

7. obese __________b. very fat

8. adherent ________c. sad, pitiful, distressing

9. bliss _________d. graceful

10. pathetic ________ e. happiness, pleasure

Today's Idiom: on the spur of the moment— on impulse, without thinking

On the spur of the moment he turned thumbs down* on the new job.

29th Week / 2nd Day

New Words: exhort apathy fracas inebriated adversary

Rah! Rah! Rah!

The spectators at a football game play more than a superfi­cial * role. A spirited cheer from the stands often gives the player on the field a reason to try even harder. Cheer leaders exhort the fans, who may be in a state of apathy because their team is losing, to spur on the team. In particularly close games between rivals of long standing, feelings begin to run high, and from time to time a fracas may break out in the stands. While the teams compete below, the fan who is a bit inebriated may seek out a personal adversary. On the whole the enthusiasm of the spectators is usually constricted * to cheering and shouting for their favorite teams.

Sample Sentences: Complete the sentences with the new words.

1. The feeling of ———————— was so prevalent* during the election campaign that the candidates hardly bothered to make speeches.

2. Doctors —— — ———— obese* individuals to go on diets.

3. He was usually sedate,* but when ——————— he became hostile.*

4. The ________ started when he besmirched * my good name.

5. My——— became disgruntled * because my arguments were so cogent.*

Definitions: Match the new words with their definitions.

6. exhort __________ a. opponent, enemy, foe

7. apathy __________ b. drunk, intoxicated

8. fracas __________ c. lack of interest, unconcern

9. inebriated _______ d. urge strongly, advise

10. adversary _______ e. noisy fight, brawl

Today's Idiom a fly in the ointment— some small thing that spoils or lessens the enjoyment -

He was offered a lucrative* position with the firm, but the fly in the ointment was that he would have to work on Satur­day and Sunday.

29th Week / 3rd Day

New Words: indolent gusto garrulous banal platitude

Дата добавления: 2015-10-30