Historical Background. · Give the English equivalents for the following words and word-combinations

· Give the English equivalents for the following words and word-combinations. Learn the active vocabulary

1) постоянно ускоряющийся темп

2) доступный в самых несбыточных

мечтах

3) мгновенный доступ к информации

4) приобретать знания

5) разрушительный масштаб

6) превосходить свои возможности

7) простая прогулка

8) безвозвратная потеря

9) формы художественного выражения

10) захватывающий прогресс

11) занять видное положение

12) наследие Древней Греции и Рима

13) безмятежный

· Answer the questions, using the information you have learnt from the tape

1. How can we describe what has happened in the 20^th century?

2. What are the positive and the negative experiences of the modern world?

3. Identify some of the new artistic movements that have emerged during the 20th century?

4. Does the appearance of new artistic movements mean the denial of the legacy of the past?

· Fill in the gaps, using the active vocabulary. Reproduce the sentences in the form of a monologue (combine the sentences logically)

1) We can describe what has happened in the 20th century – the years of earth-shattering events, _______________________________________ – the phenomenal improvement of all technology and so on.

2) On the positive side, a revolution in transportation has made all parts of the world _____________________________________.

3) The moon has been reached and distant lands are ____________________.

4) Telephones, radio, television, lasers, computers, and satellites have made communication and ___________________________________________.

5) ______________________________ during this Information Revolution has far exceeded all the knowledge acquired throughout the previous history of mankind.

6) Also in this century, the world’s population is ______________________ to feed itself.

7) And, in the name of progress, people have destroyed much of earth’s environment, in some instances to the point where _________________________________ and may threaten our existence.

8) Many different and often conflicting __________________________ have emerged.

9) At the same time, ________________________________________ and all major artistic styles since then have continued and have been joined by influences from cultures in Latin America, Africa, Asia, and the Middle East.

Part I

· Find the English equivalents for the following words and word combinations. Learn the active vocabulary

1) традиционная точка зрения

2) разделяться

3) производить беспорядок (разрушать)

4) разлагать целое на отдельные фрагменты

5) многократная перспектива

6) преобразовывать окружающий мир

7) по той или иной причине

8) манера восприятия

9) второстепенный характер

10) чувство спонтанности

11) предопределенный

12) изображение движения в живописи

13) границы искусства

14) иллюзия трехмерного пространства

15) изобразить объем

на ровной поверхности

16) разрабатывать проект

17) недоумение

18) использовать

(в качестве источника энергии)

19) бессистемная структура

20) обобщать опыт

21) служить примером

22) возвеличивать красоту машины

23) сходство с чем-либо

24) чистота помыслов

25) посторонний

26) упрощать действительность

27) целостность

28) объективная безупречность

29) устранить изгибы и диагонали

30) на ощупь

· Post-viewing Questions and Activities

1. Discuss change and the advances in technology over the past one hundred years. How does change, such as the kind we have witnessed in this century, force people to examine their place in the world? People have always found change to be difficult, and the artists of the 20th century were no exception. What changes were the early 20th-century artists reacting to or against?

2. What was an important musical development during the beginning of the 20^th century? How does this musical form reflect the attitudes of the 20th century?

3. The Futurist movement of 1910 rejected the past and hailed the beauty of the machine. What later event caused people to rethink their ideas about the machine and the development of a mechanized world? Why did it do that?

4. Give a definition of abstraction. How did the Cubists use abstraction? What is referred to as the “traditional world order”? How does the abstract view of the world differ from the traditional one? What do Mondrian’s paintings say about the importance of perspective? (recall the works of Piet Mondrian that were seen in the program)

· Finish the sentences logically, using the active vocabulary. Reproduce the sentences by hear

1) During the 19^th century, ideas and institutions which once had appeared so solid and real began to seem much less so. The ______________________________ world order ________________________________________.

2) The Industrial Revolution _____________________________________ the old divisions of social order.

3) Some artists reflected the new sensibility by _________________________ of vibrating dots.

4) There were many new ways of seeing things. Objects were broken and displaced into _________________________________________ - as if we could see the objects from all sides.

5) Sometimes artists ______________________________________ to reflect their inner visions.

6) For many, doubt became ________________________________________.

7) Artists sought to communicate their experience _________________________________ of modern life.

8) Early in the 20th century, jazz became an important form of musical expression. Improvisation is an integral part of jazz, which at its best has ______________________________________________________________________.

9) Nothing was certain - not even a definition of art. Here, the painter sought to achieve what had been considered impossible: _________________________________________.

10) We are no longer certain about ___________________________________.

11) Painting was to be about painting. The artists sought to find ways in which

_____________________________________________________.

12) The machine is of the age. None of us can escape its influence. As the machine ________

____________________________ – there is nothing ____________________________ – here – so, too have our artists sought to purify their means.

Part II

· Find the English equivalents for the following lexical items. Learn the active vocabulary

1) показывать

2) основная тема искусства

3) на пороге цивилизации

4) классифицировать материал

5) давать определение

в каких-либо терминах

6) манипуляции с материалом

7) взаимозаменяемый

8) состоять из бесконечного числа

безликих людей

9) пренебрежительный

10) бесцеремонно обращаться

с природой

11) примитивные потребности

12) внутренняя тревога

13) объединять случайные эпизоды

в единую композицию

14) новое подтверждение

15) дематериализовать форму

16) уязвимый

17) быть склонным к жестокости

18) наглядная характеристика

19) явное одиночество

20) человек как мера всех вещей

· Give full answers to the following questions

1. What is Expressionism? Name a 20th-century artist who used this artistic style to convey his emotions.

2. Cubism and Abstract Expressionism are both techniques that include the distortion of their subjects. What do these techniques say about the artists' point of view?

3. Why have so many twentieth-century artists depicted despair in their paintings?

· Fill in the gaps, using the active vocabulary

1) In the 20th century, mechanization has given form to much of man's experience. Our arts _________________________ a mirror to our values.

2) The machine has replaced the human being and his natural world as ____________________________________________________.

3) Technology’s success in solving many problems has led ____________________________________________________.

4) During the 20th century, science______________________________ chemicals, electrical impulses, and predictable patterns of behavior.

5) As the machine is made up of countless_______________________ parts, so society ____________________________________________.

6) One trend of modern art is labelled Expressionism. Driven by their emotional needs, the expressionists _________________________ through distortion and abstraction.

7) Stimulation of ___________________________________ which live deep within us – this is the object of Expressionism.

8) The human form is not always needed to express the depth of _________________________________________.

9) Action painting is an extreme phase of Expressionism. The artist _________________________________________.

10) Much of modern art is _____________________________ of the irrational, the unique, and the mystery of creativity and life itself.

11) The old moral values have been destroyed. Many people, both young and old, ask themselves these questions: Have men _____________________, to causing suffering and death?

12) Modern history is _________________________________ to the increased efficiency of man’s destructive power.

13) Modern man has become alien and alone. His __________________________ is a major theme of modern literature and art.

14) With the loss _____________________________, the world has, for many, become an empty space.

· Post -Viewing Questions and Activities

1. In recent years, the works of artists working in various fields – from photography to performance - have been the subject of controversy because of their content or the techniques that they have incorporated in their work in order to express themselves. Should there be a limit to what artists can do in the name of artistic expression. Should there be a limit to what artists can exhibit? Who should decide such things?

2. What do you think the art of the future will be like? What kinds of changes do you foresee? What do you think people living in the twenty-first century will say about the art and artists of the 20th century? Use examples from both parts of the program to illustrate the trends.

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