Decide whether the statements aretrue [T] orfalse [FJ.

1). In economics, spring is a romantic period.

2). The amount of income tax depends on several things.

3). Taxes are the most important source of government revenues.

a), зависеть от b). бремя c), настаивать, навязывать d). налоги на доход e). производительность f). заслуга g). доход h). налоги на деятельность i). равный

4). The various forms of business are taxed equally.

5). Tax burdens should be distributed justly.

4. Fill in the blanks using the given words.

a), principal b). merits c). revenues d). levied e). business

1). Tax is money... by the state.

2). Taxes are a source of government....

3). There are three... types of taxes.

4). Economists have developed several standards forjudging the... for the tax.

5). The various forms of... are not taxed equally.

Make up sentences using the given words.

1). difficult, spring, period, in, a, economics, is.

2). of, the, amount, income, depends, tax, several, on, things.

3). money, is, tax, levied, the, state, by.

4). important, most, the, taxes, are, government, sources, revenues, of.

5). Subject, are, business, many, to, forms, taxes, of.

6. Answer the following questions referring to the text.

1). When do millions of people begin to sort their income?

2). What does the amount of income tax depend on?

3). Are the rates usually revised by the government every few years?

4). What are the standards forjudging the merits of a tax?

5). How many functions are taxes considered to have?

6). The various forms of business are not taxed equally, are they?

7). What kind of organizations have the simplest tax situation?

TEXT 11

THE ACCOUNTING PROFESSION

Accounting is an old profession. Records of business transactions have been prepared for centuries. However, only during the last half-century accounting has been accepted as a profession with the same importance as the medical or legal profession. Positions in the field of accounting may be divided into several areas. Two general classifications are public accounting and private accounting. Public accountants are those who serve the general public and collect professional fees for their work, much as doctors and lawyers do. Their work includes auditing, income tax planning and preparation, and management consulting. Public accountants are a small fraction (about 10 percent) of all accountants. Those public accountants who have met certain professional requirements are designated as Certified Public Accountants (CPAs).

Private accountants work for a single business, such as a local department store, the McDonald's restaurant chain, or the Eastman Kodak Company. Charitable organizations, educational institutions, and government agencies also employ private accountants. The chief accounting officer usually has the title of controller, treasurer, or chief financial officer. Whatever the title, this person usually carries the status of vice-president.

Some public accountants pool their talents and work together within a single firm. Most public accounting firms are also called CPA firms because most of their professional employees are CPAs. CPA firms vary greatly in size. Some are small businesses, and others are medium-sized partnerships. The largest CPA firms are worldwide partnerships with over 2.000 partners. Such huge firms are necessaiy because some of their clients are so large and their operations are so complex.

In contrast to public accountants who provide accounting services for many clients, management accountants provide accounting services for a single business. In a company with many management accountants, the executive officer in charge of the accounting activity is often called a controller.

1. Read the following words. Mind the pronunciation. Consult the dictionary.

To accept, to be divided, public accounting, private accounting, fee, auditing, requirement, department store, government, status, medium-sized, worldwide, in contrast, Certified Public, accountants.

2. Match the two columns.

1. public accounting

2. vice-president

3. department store

4. fee

5. private accounting

6. lawyer

7. income

8. medium-sized

9. partnership

a), доход

b). универмаг

c), среднего размера

d). гос. бухучет

e). адвокат, юрист

f). плата, гонорар

g). вице-президент

h). частный бухучет

i).________________ партнерство

Дата добавления: 2015-10-29