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Slide Research
“Research can be described as a systematic and organized effort to investigate or scientific inquiry of a specific problem that needs a solution or answer”
Importance of Research in Business
To help managers make the right decisions
To help managers clearly define and assess the impact of a problem, big or small
To forecast the future of an organization
To determine a particular trend
To evaluate any marketing strategies
Examples of Research
Employee behaviors such as performance, absenteeism and turnover
Validation of performance appraisal system
Location analysis
Product positioning, product modification or new product development
Use of expert systems in daily decision making
Producing a research paper at degree level is not the same as writing assignments.
A research paper is a piece of academic writing that requires a more critical and thoughtful level of inquiry or investigation than you might be used to.
Doing secondary research i.e. familiarising yourself with the work of “experts” – this process is known as a Literature Review.
Doing a primary research – to build upon what you have already found out about a subject.
Comparing the findings and drawing your own conclusions.
Two purposes:
To generate more knowledge and understanding of the phenomena of interest and to build theories based on the research results.
- Basic or Fundamental Research
Example: The Malaysian public’s perception of the effectiveness of its Police Department in tracking people released on bail.
To solve a current problem faced by the manager in the work setting, demanding a timely solution.
- Applied Research
Example: The Police Department has asked a research company to come up with a new system of tracking people released on bail.
Two main types: to analyse or to argue?
Analytical Paper
Argumentative (or Persuasive) Paper
You do research to become an expert on a topic so that you can present the topic from your own perspective.
In the end, you will be able to contribute your own thoughts to the academic discussion by drawing some conclusions about the topic you have analysed.
Your approach here is to take a stand on an issue and use evidence to back-up your stance and not to explore a topic.
Quantitative vs. Qualitative research
Selection of research area
Preliminary information gathering (Secondary Research)
Literature Review
Hypothesising
Further data collection (Primary Research)
Data analysis
Deduction (conclusion)
Benefits of Knowing Research and Research Methods
Able to identify and effectively solve minor problems
Able to differentiate good research from bad research
Appreciate and be aware of the various factors that influences a situation
Allows one to take calculated risk
Enables an effective communication with hired researchers or consultants
Internal and External Consultants/Researchers
Internal
Own consulting or research department within the organization
e.g Management Service Department or R&D Department
External
consultants/research agencies who have had relevant experience in a particular area.
Hired based on project basis
Internal vs. External Consultants/Researchers
Advantages of internal research team
Being readily accepted
Aware of the organization and its missions
Available for implementation and post-evaluation
The cost of an internal team might be lower than the external team
Internal vs. External Consultants/Researchers
Disadvantages of internal research team
May be stereotype due to the long tenure in the organization
Influence is possible by concerned parties within the organization
Not regarded as qualified parties for recommendation
biased
Internal vs. External Consultants/Researchers
Advantages of external research team
Can draw on wealth of experience since they would have worked on various projects and several alternatives in solving the problems
Able to consider various method of research especially current sophisticated problem-solving models
Not biased
Internal vs. External Consultants/Researchers
Disadvantages of external research team
The cost of hiring is high
Time is required for one to understand the organization
Organizational members might not be very cooperative
If implementation and post-evaluation assistance are required then extra charges and charged
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