VII. Glosary

Abusive: (ADJECTIVE) 1. Extremely offensive and insulting. 2. Engaging in or characterized by habitual violence and cruelty. 3. Involving injustice or illegality. Etymology: late Middle English: via Old French from Latin abus- 'misused', from the verb abuti, from ab- 'away' (i.e. 'wrongly') + uti 'to use'.

Allusion: (NOUN) 1. An expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly. 2. An indirect or passing reference. Etymology: mid 16th century(denoting a pun, metaphor, or parable): from French, or from late Latin allusio(n-), from the verb alludere (see allude).

Avail: (VERB) 1. Use or take advantage of (an opportunity or available resource). 2. Help or benefit. Etymology: Middle English: from obsolete vail 'be of use or value' (apparently on the pattern of pairs such as amount, mount), from Old French valoir, from Latin valere 'be strong, be of value'.

Broadcast: (VERB) 1. Transmit (a programme or some information) by radio or television. Etymology: mid 18th century (in the sense 'sown by scattering'): from broad + the past participle of cast. Senses relating to radio and television date from the early 20th century.

Consumption: (NOUN) 1. The action of using up a resource. 2. A wasting disease, especially pulmonary tuberculosis. Etymology: late Middle English: from Latin consumptio(n-), from the verb consumere.

Contradictoriness: (ADJECTIVE) 1. Involving, of the nature of, or being a contradiction. 2. Given to contradicting. Etymology: late Middle English (as a term in logic): from late Latin contradictorius, from Latin contradict-'spoken against', from the verb contradicere.

Descendant: (NOUN) 1. A person, plant, or animal that is descended from a particular ancestor. Etymology: late Middle English (as an adjective in the sense 'descending'): from French, present participle of descendre 'to descend'. The noun dates from the early 17th century.

Drawback: (NOUN) 1. A feature that renders something less acceptable; a disadvantage or problem.

Dystopia: (NOUN) 1. An imagined place or state in which everything is unpleasant or bad, typically a totalitarian or environmentally degraded one. The opposite of utopia. Etymology: late 18th century: from dys- 'bad' + utopia.

Emancipated: (ADJECTIVE) 1. Free from legal, social, or political restrictions; liberated.

Facilitate: (VERB) 1. Make (an action or process) easy or easier. Etymology:early 17th century: from French faciliter, from Italian facilitare, from facile 'easy', from Latin facilis.

Heyday: (NOUN) 1. The period of a person’s or thing’s greatest success, popularity, activity, or vigour. Etymology: late 16th century (denoting good spirits or passion): from archaic heyday!, an exclamation of joy, surprise, etc..

Imbue: (VERB) 1. Inspire or permeate with (a feeling or quality). Etymology: late Middle English (in the sense 'saturate'): from French imbu 'moistened', from Latin imbutus, past participle of imbuere 'moisten'.

Indecently: (ADVERB) 1. Not conforming with generally accepted standards of behaviour, especially in relation to sexual matters. 2. Not appropriate or fitting. Etymology: late 16th century: from French indécent or Latin indecent-, from in- 'not' + decent- 'being fitting.

Irreconcilable: (ADJECTIVE) 1. (Of ideas or statements) so different from each other that they cannot be made compatible.

Phenomena: (NOUN) 1. A fact or situation that is observed to exist or happen, especially one whose cause orexplanation is in question. 2. The object of a person’s perception. 3. A remarkable person or thing. Etymology: late 16th century: via late Latin from Greek phainomenon 'thing appearing to view', based on phainein 'to show'.

Propaganda: (NOUN) 1. Information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote a politicalcause or point of view. Etymology: Italian, from modern Latin congregatio de propaganda fide 'congregation for propagation of the faith'. sense 1 dates from the early 20th century.

Protagonist: (NOUN) 1. The leading character or one of the major characters in a play, film, novel, etc. 2. An advocate or champion of a particular cause or idea. Etymology: late 17th century: from Greek prōtagōnistēs, from prōtos 'first in importance' + agōnistēs 'actor'.

Stratum: (NOUN) 1. A layer or a series of layers of rock in the ground. 2. A level or class to which people are assigned according to their social status, education, or income. Etymology: late 16th century (in the sense 'layer or coat of a substance'): modern Latin, from Latin, literally 'something spread or laid down', neuter past participle of sternere 'strew'.

Utopia: (NOUN) 1. An imagined place or state of things in which everything is perfect. Etymology: mid 16th century: based on Greek ou 'not' + topos 'place'; the word was first used in the book Utopia (1516) by Sir Thomas More.

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