The Judicial branch of the USA

Good morning everyone!

Today I’m going to be reporting on the theme “The Judicial branch of the USA”. The subject of my presentation is judiciary and the objective of my talk is to analyze the role of this branch in the U.S. political system. So, I shall start off by making a few observations about the main bodies, which take place in this process and then I’ll go on to highlight the main functions of these bodies.

Now let me start.

The third branch of the federal government, the judiciary, consists of a system of courts (federal and national) spread throughout the country, headed by the Supreme Court of the United States. Judiciary operates independently alongside the executive and legislative branches. Generally speaking, an important function of this branch of power is to determine whether laws of Congress or actions of the President violate the Constitution.

Now I’ll pass over to the representatives of the lowest level in the system of judicial branch – to state courts. The Constitution of the USA recognizes that the states have the power to establish their own systems of criminal and civil laws, with the result that each state has its own laws, prisons, police force, and state court. Within each state, there are also country and city courts. Generally, state laws are quite similar, but in some areas there is great diverse. As, for example, the minimum age for marriage and the sentences for murder vary from state to state.

And now we have come to the next level of judicial system, which is governed by federal courts. The separate system of federal courts operates alongside the state courts and handles cases which arise under the U.S. Constitution or under any law or treaty, as well issues involving foreign citizens or governments and cases in which the federal government itself is a party.

All federal judges are appointed for life and can only be removed from office through the process of impeachment and trial in the Congress.

Finally, some words about the highest federal court – the Supreme Court of the USA. The Supreme Court today consists of a Chief Justice and 9 Associate Justices.. Each of the nine Supreme Court justices (judges) is appointed by the president and after approval a justice remains on the Supreme Court for life.

The Supreme Court hears cases in which someone claims that a lower court ruling is unjust or in which someone claims that Constitutional law has been violated. Its decisions are final and become legally binding. Although the Supreme Court does not have the power to make laws, it does have the power to examine actions of the legislative, executive, and administrative institutions of the government and decide whether they are constitutional. It is in this function that the Supreme Court has the potential to influence decisively the political, social, and economic life of the country.

So, in conclusion I’d like to say that the Judicial branch of power is of high value in the USA, its decisions cannot be appealed to any other court, neither the President nor the Congress can change its decisions. As mentioned Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court – Charles Hughes: “…the judiciary is the safeguard of our liberty and of our property under the Constitution”.

Дата добавления: 2015-10-29