Case history #1

A 50-year-old man presents to clinic with a complaint of central chest discomfort of 2 weeks' duration, occurring after walking for more than 5 minutes or climbing more than 1 flight of stairs. The chest discomfort resolves with rest within several minutes. He is obese, has a history of hypertension, and smokes 10 cigarettes a day. His father died from a myocardial infarction at the age of 54 years. On examination, his blood pressure is 144/92 mmHg with a heart rate of 82 bpm. The remainder of his examination is normal.

Exercise 11. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.

Case history #2

A 60-year-old man with a history of a myocardial infarction (to present) to clinic for follow-up. He (to start) on aspirin, beta-blocker, and statin therapy after his heart attack. In the past 2 weeks the patient (to note) return of chest pressure when he walks rapidly. The chest pressure (to resolve) with sublingual glyceryl trinitrate or a decrease in his activity level. He is a former smoker and (to modify) his diet and activity to achieve his goal body weight. He is normotensive on examination with a heart rate of 72 bpm. The remainder of his examination (to be) normal.

Exercise 12. Approve or disapprove the following Dr. Shelton’squote:

Cardiovascular Drugs

To quote Dr. Shelton, "The broad and distinct difference between the Hygienic system and the drug system is this: Hygiene seeks to restore health by healthful means and conditions; drug systems seek to cure disease with agents that are known to produce disease in the well. Instead of filling our bodies with poisons, why not look to rest, sleep, better food, fasting, exercise, sunshine, emotional poise, cleanliness, and plain and simple wholesome food as the means of restoring us to health? Hygienic care consists in the use of such means as when applied to a man in health will keep him in health and will not tend to make him sick. Medical treatment of the sick consists almost wholly in the use of means which if given to a man in perfect health would unfit him for work or business or, perhaps, even kill him. The Hygienist rejects all poisons and employs only beneficial substances and conditions to aid the healing processes of the body."

So drugs are not recommended. They do not produce health but contribute to disease.

Exercise 13. Translate the following word combinations into English:

Антитромбоцитарні препаратати; блокатори кальцієвих каналів; інгібітори ангіотензинперетворюючого (ангіотензинконвертуючого) ферменту; побічні дії препарату; взаємодія з іншими препаратами; задавнене захворювання серця; сечогіний препарат; судиннорозширювачі; блокатори кальцієвих каналів; препарати групи наперстянки; антикоагулянти; препарати, які знижують рівень холестерину; затримання сечі; лікувальні засоби першого ряду; згортання крові; штучні клапани; системний, що стосується всього організму.

Exercise 14. Explain the terms in English:

Cardiovascular medications

Diuretics

Anticoagulants

Digitalis

Vasodilators

Beta Blockers

Exercise 15. Translate into English using active vocabulary.

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