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ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ
Данное учебное пособие предназначено для студентов заочной формы обучения вузов нелингвистического профиля, обучающихся по образовательным программам различных направлений бакалавриата и магистратуры.
Основная цель учебного пособия – обучение устной речи на основе развития необходимых речевых навыков, развитие техники чтения и умения понимать английский текст, содержащий как усвоенную ранее, так и новую лексику, а также развитие навыков письменной речи в пределах вышеуказанных образовательных программ. Основная задача авторов учебного пособия – предоставить преподавателям и обучающимся материал, охватывающий основные явления английской грамматики, материал для максимальной отработки навыков употребления основных грамматических структур, без которых невозможно понимание и грамотное оформление речи; аутентичные тексты различной тематики и упражнения для развития и закрепления навыков чтения, понимания и интерпретации англоязычных текстов; упражнения для развития навыков говорения; индивидуальные творческие задания; задания для самоконтроля.
I. Основной уровень владения иностранным языком
(бакалавриат)
Часть 1
?Письменные грамматические упражнения
Задания для работы в аудитории
I. Вставьте some, any, no, something, anything, nothing, everything, somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody по смыслу:
1. There is …. ink in my pen.
2. Is there … snow in the street this morning?
3. My mother likes … music.
4. …. is all right, the patient is better today.
5. Is there … interesting in the programme of the concert?
6. I could see ….: it was quite dark.
7. Give me …. to drink.
8. Has …. in this group got a dictionary?
9. ….. left a magazine in our classroom yesterday.
II. Вставьте much, many, little, a little, few, a few по смыслу:
1. Hurry! We haven’t got …. time.
2. We didn’t have any money but Tom had …..
3. Her father died …. years ago.
4. He had … English books at home, so he had to go to the library for more books.
5. She can’t be a teacher. She ‘s got …. patience with children.
6. The students of our group ask … questions at the lesson.
III. Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся форму прилагательного:
1. This jacket is too small. I need a (large) size.
2. As the day went on, the weather got (bad).
3. What is (long) river in the world?
4. This hotel is (comfortable) than that one.
5. It was (bad) experience in my life.
6. Peter is (intelligent) person I know.
IV. Выделите сказуемое, определите его видо-временную форму и укажите инфинитив:
1. How often do you go to the cinema?
2. Usually Tom sleeps well, but last night he slept badly.
3. When did you write your composition?
4. The River Amazon flows into the Pacific Ocean.
5. I shall go to the party tomorrow night, will you come with me?
6. Look! It is snowing.
7. What were they doing at 10.30? – They were having breakfast.
8. Don’t come at 5. I shall be writing a composition.
9. When she came, the children were sitting in the sitting room and watching TV.
V. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present, Past, Future Indefinite, Present, Past, Future Continuous:
1. Nina (to celebrate) her birthday yesterday. Her room (to look) beautiful, there (to be) many flowers in it. When I (to come) in, somebody (to play) the piano, two or three pairs (to dance).
2. Look at these children! They (to skate) very well.
3. You (to skate) tomorrow? –Yes, I (to skate) from 3 till 5 in the afternoon.
4. He (not to come) last Monday. He (to be busy)?
5. When you (to come) yesterday?
6. Where you (to be) yesterday? – I (to be) at home. – I (to ring) you up at two o’clock, but nobody (to answer). – Oh, I (to be) in the garden, I (to read) a book and (not to hear) the telephone.
7. She (to go) to school every day.
VI. Переведите на английский язык:
1. Мой брат моложе меня.
2. В комнате не холодно.
3. Какая из этих книг самая интересная?
4. В нашем городе есть картинная галерея и три музея.
5.Сегодня он чувствует себя гораздо лучше.
6. Где Петр? – Он в библиотеке, он готовится к докладу.
7. Вчера наш друг не пришел, он был занят, он придет завтра.
8. Когда я пришел, мама готовила обед.
9. Он каждый день приходит на работу к 9? – Я обычно не прихожу в 9, я прихожу в 9.30.
10. Что ты будешь делать завтра в 6 часов?
11. В доме есть кто-нибудь? – Нет, там никого нет.
VII. Выделите сказуемое, определите его видовременную форму и укажите инфинитив:
1. I have left the luggage at the station. I shall take it tomorrow when Nick comes to help me.
2. I had been reading for an hour when he came.
3. Tomorrow by two o’clock I shall have finished the composition.
4. For how many hours has Tom been working in the garden yet?
5. When we returned home, mother had already prepared everything.
6. Tomorrow I shall come at six, I hope you will have been preparing for classes for two hours already.
7. When I left home, the snow had already stopped, but a strong wind had been blowing since morning.
VIII. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Indefinite или Present Perfect по смыслу:
I. Where you (to spend) your summer holidays last year?
2. I just (to get) a letter from Tom.
3. You ever (to spend) your holidays in the Crimea?
4. He (not to be) present at the lesson yesterday.
5. Last night I (to feel) tired and (to go) to bed very early.
6. His health (not to improve) greatly.
7. Ann (not to answer) the question because it (to be) very difficult.
IX. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present, Past, Future Perfect, Present, Past, Future Perfect Continuous, Past Indefinite:
1. He just (to come). – And when you (to come)?
2. Tomorrow by your coming I (to prepare) dinner for an hour already.
3. When he came, the children already (to watch) the film.
4. Tomorrow by five I (to finish) reading the book.
5. She (to do) the room by your coming yesterday?
6. Nelly (to read) for two hours already when he came.
7. Listen! She (to sing) for 10 minutes already.
X. Закончите предложения, употребляя сложное дополнение (Complex Object):
1. “Wait for me after school”, said Ann to me. Ann wanted…
2. “Can anybody help me?” I‘d like....
3. “I expect that he will come”. I expect ….
4. “Eat the soup!”, said she to me. She made ….
5. “She is crossing the street!” I see….
6. “He is singing”. I hear…
7. “She sings well” I like…
XI. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя модальные глаголы can, may, must, to have to, to be to, need, to be able to, should:
1. Он умеет хорошо рисовать.
2. Ты сумеешь починить мой магнитофон?
3. Питер обязан сделать это.
4. Тебе приходится каждый день вставать в семь утра?
5. Вы можете войти.
6. Я должна была делать доклад, но заболела.
7. Тебе следует надеть пальто.
8. Тебе не нужно туда идти.
XII. Переведите на английский язык:
1. Я хочу, чтобы он принес кофе.
2. Мэри в библиотеке. Она уже три часа готовиться к докладу.
3. Ты ожидаешь, что он придет?
4. Вчера к пяти часам обед уже был готов.
5. Твоя сестра когда-нибудь была в Москве?
6. Завтра к твоему приходу я уже два часа буду убирать квартиру.
7. Я слышу, как она поет.
8. К понедельнику я прочитаю книгу.
9. Когда он пришел, дети спали уже два часа.
XIII. Раскрывая скобки, напишите каждое предложение три раза, образуя условные предложения I, II и III типов:
1. If you (to be busy), I (to leave) you alone.
2. If I (to get) a ticket, I (to go) to the Philharmonic.
3. If we (to receive) a telegram from him, we (not to worry).
4. If he (to live) in Moscow, he (to visit) the Tretyakov Gallery every year.
XIV. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующейся форме:
1. If she (to ask) me yesterday, I should certainly have told her all about it.
2. If she is not busy, she (to agree) to go to the museum with us.
3. If you really loved music, you (to go) to the Philharmonic more often.
4. I wish I (to know) Spain.
5. I wish I (to be) at yesterday’s party: it must have been very merry.
6. If it (to rain), we shall have to stay at home.
XV. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол и временные показатели в соответствии с правилами согласования времен:
1. He said he (to leave) tomorrow morning.
2. I asked my brother if he ever (to travel) by air before.
3. He said he (to know) the laws of the country.
4. He said he (to read) for an hour by 5 yesterday.
5. He could not understand why people (not to want) to take water from that well.
6. She thought the children (to play) in the yard at that time.
XVI. Переведите на английский язык:
1. Сестра сказала, что хочет приехать к нам сама.
2. Он сказал, что к 1990 году уже переехал в Москву.
3. Он думал, что брат смотрит телевизор в соседней комнате.
4. Мы знали, что он сдаст экзамен.
5. Он сказал, что его сестра больна.
6. Он сказал, что к моему приходу закончит писать сочинение.
7. Если бы я был свободен сейчас!
8. Если бы сейчас подошел трамвай, мы бы не опоздали.
9. Если пойдет дождь, мы останемся дома.
10. Я не сдал экзамен. Если бы я выучил тему, я бы его сдал.
XVII. Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice:
1. I bought potatoes yesterday.
2. We shall bring the books tomorrow.
3. They are repairing the clock now.
4. They sell milk in the shop.
5. I have translated the whole text.
6. When I came home they had eaten the sweets.
XVIII. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Active или Passive Voice:
1. Nobody (to see) him yesterday.
2. The telegram (to receive) tomorrow.
3. He (to give) me this book next week.
4. The answer to this question can (to find) in the encyclopedia.
5. The article (to publish) last week, if I’m not mistaken.
6. The composition must (to hand) in on Monday.
XIX. Выделите в предложениях ing -формы и определите, являются ли они причастием, герундием или отглагольным существительным:
1. You should think before speaking.
2. After finding the new word in the dictionary, I wrote it down and went on reading.
3. He spent much time on the copying lectures.
4. What do you mean by saying that?
5. The students found the reading of English newspapers rather difficult at first.
6. Instead of going home after school, the girls went for a walk.
XX. Переведите на английский язык:
1. Чтение доставляет мне удовольствие.
2. Девочка, сидящая за столом, моя сестра.
3. Эта книга была напечатана в 1980 году.
4. Этот перевод будет закончен через несколько дней.
5. Деревья уже посажены.
6. Это письмо будет написано завтра к пяти часам.
7. Когда мама пришла, обед был уже сварен.
8. Сейчас демонстрируют интересный фильм.
9. Когда тебя спрашивали последний раз?
10. Эти контрольные проверены.
Задания для самостоятельной работы дома
I. Вставьте some, any, no, something, anything, nothing, everything, somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody по смыслу:
1. Are there… chess-players here?
2. There are … diagrams in the new book.
3. There are … letters for you on the table.
4. Does …. mind if I smoke?
5. There is ….. at the door. Can you go and see who it is?
6…. could answer the question. It was too difficult.
7. Give me …. to read, please.
8. Where is the book? Is it on the table? – No, there is … there.
9. I didn’t take any money with me, so I could not buy ….
10. Are there … mistakes in my dictation?
11. There were … students of our group at the consultation yesterday.
12. People need …. oxygen for breathing.
13. My new eyeglasses are very good, I can see …. now.
14. I saw …. near the wood that looked like a tent.
15. I don’t know …. about this town.
16. I could see ….: it was dark.
17. Please, tell us the story….. knows it.
18. Has … here got a red pencil?
II. Вставьте much, many, little, a little, few, a few по смыслу:
1. This town is not well-known and there isn’t much to see, so …. tourists come here.
2. Would you like some cake? – Thank you, but only …..
3. Tom drinks … milk – one litre a day.
4. There was … water in the river and they decided to cross it.
5. I’d like to say … words about my journey.
6. My granny knows …. interesting things.
7. Hurry! We have … time.
8. I last saw Tom ….. days ago.
9. This car is very expensive: it uses … petrol.
10. There were …new words in the text and we spent a lot of time learning them.
11. There are very …. old houses in our street but a lot of new ones.
12. I have …. money, so we can go to the cinema.
III. Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся форму прилагательного:
1. Which is (large): the USA or Canada?
2. St.Petersburg is one of the (beautiful) cities in the world.
3. What is the (high) mountain in Asia?
4. This nice-looking girl is the (good) student in our group.
5. Chinese is (difficult) than English. 6.My sister speaks English (bad) than I do.
6. The Volga is (short) than the Mississippi.
7. Which is the (beautiful) place in this part of the country?
8. This boy is the (bad) student in our group.
9. January is the (cold) month of the year.
10. Your handwriting is (good) than it was last year.
11. A train is (comfortable) than a bus.
IV. Выделите сказуемое, определите его видовременную форму и укажите инфинитив:
1. How often does he write to his parents?
2. We did not go on a tramp last Sunday.
3. Will you go to the South next year?
4. She usually comes to work at 9.
5. I shall prepare meat for dinner tomorrow.
6. What are you doing now?
7. At six o’clock yesterday we were listening to a very interesting lecture.
8. I am not watching TV now, I am listening to music.
9. What will you be doing tomorrow all the day?
10. When I entered the office, the secretary was typing some letters.
11. What are you talking about?
12. Did you travel around Europe last year?
13. Don’t come at 6, I shall be doing my homework.
14. Will you come to the party with me?
15. Every day my aunt bakes a cake for lunch.
16. Yesterday I came home late.
17. What were you doing yesterday all day?
18. I shan’t play the piano tomorrow.
V. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present, Past, Future Indefinite, Present, Past, Future Continuous:
1. When I (to open) the window, it (to rain) heavily and people (to hurry) along the streets.
2. Every day the boss (to enter) the office at half past nine.
3. My friend (to ring) me up at eight o’clock tomorrow.
4. Where Kate (to go) when you (to meet) her yesterday?
5. Where your brother (to work)?
6. What you (to do) at five o’clock yesterday?-I (to work) in the library.- I (to be) there too, but (not to see) you. I also (to work) there from 3 to 5 tomorrow.
7. When she (to return) from Moscow, she (to tell) us about it.
8. When I (to come) home yesterday, I (to see) that all my family (to sit) round the table. Father (to read) a letter from my uncle who (to live) in Kiev.
9. What you (to talk) about? – We (to discuss) a new book.
10. I (not to see) Nick last week, he (to return) from Moscow tomorrow.
11. I‘d like to come to your place tomorrow at 7. What you (to do) at that time?
12. When the boss (to come) to the office yesterday?
13. Your friend (to work) in the library every day?
14. I (to go) to London next year.
VI. Переведите на английский язык:
1. Китай больше Индии.
2. Сегодня жарко?
3. Этот текст самый трудный.
4. В нашей библиотеке нет читального зала.
5. Погода сегодня хуже, чем вчера.
6. Ты каждый день работаешь в библиотеке? - Нет, я редко работаю в библиотеке, а мой брат работает там каждый день.
7. Что ты делал вчера, когда я тебе позвонил?
8. Завтра мама приготовит рыбу на ужин.
9. Вчера Андрей не пришел, он был очень занят.
10. Что ты будешь завтра делать в семь часов?
11. Где твоя сестра? – Она готовится к занятиям у себя в комнате.
12. Мой брат выше меня.
13. Сегодня не холодно.
14. В вашем городе есть музей?
15. Виктор самый хороший студент в нашей группе.
16. Это кресло удобнее, чем-то.
17. Когда я вошел, мой брат рисовал.
18. Ты вчера купил словарь в магазине?
19. Не приходи завтра в шесть, я буду готовиться к занятиям.
20. Завтра бабушка испечет пирог к ужину.
21. Ты обычно убираешь квартиру по субботам? – Нет, я убираю квартиру в воскресенье.
22. Что ты делаешь? – Я читаю очень интересную книгу.
VII. Выделите сказуемое, определите его видовременную форму и укажите инфинитив:
1. I have been looking for my note-book for two hours already, but have not found it yet.
2. Yesterday by three o’clock Peter had finished reading the book.
3. What will you be doing at five? – I’ll be writing a composition and I shall have been writing it for two hours by that time.
4. Come to see me tomorrow. By three o’clock I shall have cooked some meat.
5. When he came home, his children had been playing in the garden for three hours already.
6. My friend has just come back from Moscow.
7. By Monday they had not done it.
8. The day was wet. By the time I reached home my raincoat had been all wet.
9. Please, come at five. By that time I shall have been cooking dinner for an hour and you’ll help me.
10. Have you read anything by Tolstoy?
11. Tomorrow by six I shall have finished the letter and you will be able to send it.
12. When he came home, the children had been sleeping for two hours already.
13. What is your brother doing? – He has been working in the garden for three hours already.
14. My friend has just come back from Kiev.
VIII. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Indefinite или Present Perfect по смыслу:
1. The sun (not to rise) yet, but the sky in the east is getting lighter.
2. When you (to open) the window? – I (to open) it ten minutes ago.
3. We (to go) to the country yesterday.
4. You ever (to be) to England?
5. How dark it is! A large cloud (to cover) the sky.
6. She just (to go) out.
7. I (not to know) about it yesterday, Peter just (to tell) me everything.
8. Oh! Close the window! Look, all my papers (to fall) on the floor because of the wind.
9. You (to take) any photographs while travelling in the south?
10. They (to leave) England when he (to be) still a child.
11. He (to go) yet?
12. We (not to get) any letters from him.
13. I (to be) abroad five years ago.
14. You ever (to spend) your holidays in the Crimea?
IX. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present, Past, Future Perfect, Present, Past, Future Perfect Continuous, Past Indefinite:
1. When I (to come) in yesterday, my brother (to watch) TV for two hours already.
2. What are you doing? – I (to listen) to music for an hour already.
3. You ever (to act) on the stage?
4. By next June they (to build) the house.
5. By last summer we (to move) to Moscow.
6. What will you be doing at three?- Oh, by three I (to cook) dinner for an hour already.
7. Last night I (to go) to the cinema and (to meet) Peter there.
8. For how long you (to prepare) for you report? – Oh! I (to work) since morning.
9. I (to walk) about an hour when I saw a little house not far from the river.
10. By 1978 they (to move) to Rostov.
11. By your coming tomorrow I (not to finish) my work.
12. If you come at five I (to do) the flat for an hour already.
13. You ever (to be) to Moscow?
14. Tomorrow father (to come) late. We (to do) all our homework and (to drink) tea by that time.
X. Закончите предложения, употребляя сложное дополнение (Complex Object):
1. “Learn the rule!”, said the teacher to the pupils. The teacher wanted….
2. “Could you buy an ice-cream for me?”, asked the girl her mother. She’d like….
3. “Will he come at six?”. She expected….
4. “She is crying!”, said Ann. Ann sees…
5. “Peter is playing the piano”. She hears …
6. “Do it!”, mother said to me. She made…
7. “She dances well”. He likes…
8. “My daughter will go to the ballet school” said the woman. She wanted…
9. “He will understand your problem”. I expect ….
10. “Oh, father, buy me this toy, please.” The girl would like…
11. “She is singing”. Peter hears…
12. “ She dances well”. I like…
13. “She was crossing the street at that time”. Mother saw….
14. “Do it just now!”, said mother to us. She made ….
XI. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя модальные глаголы can, may, must, to have to, to be to, need, to be able to, should:
1. Ты умеешь играть на пианино?
2. Тебе не следует пить холодную воду.
3. Можно войти?
4. Мне нужно найти записную книжку.
5. Я знаю, ты сумеешь прийти вовремя.
6. Вчера он должен был петь, но заболел.
7. Мне пришлось встречать брата.
8. Все обязаны знать это.
9. Вам не следует туда ходить.
10. Он сумеет починить наш телевизор.
11. Вчера Ольга должна была встретить Петю, но опоздала.
12. Вы обязаны сделать это.
13. Мы умеем хорошо танцевать.
14. Ему приходится каждое утро приходить на работу к семи утра.
15. Можно войти?
16. Вам нужно выпить горячего чаю. Очень холодно.
XII. Переведите на английский язык:
1. Я слышу, как она поет.
2. Вчера к твоему приходу бабушка уже испекла пирог.
3. Завтра к пяти часам я уже три часа буду готовиться к докладу.
4. Я только что вернулась с работы.
5. К понедельнику студенты уже три дня работали в библиотеке.
6. Никто не ожидал, что он придет.
7. Я уже полчаса убираю квартиру.
8. Когда он пришел, жена уже час готовила обед.
9. Я хочу, чтобы они нам помогли.
10. Я видел, как они играли во дворе.
11. К твоему приходу я уже два часа буду работать над докладом.
12. Я никогда не читал Достоевского.
13. К 1950 мой брат переехал в Москву.
14. К следующей неделе я прочитаю все эти книги.
15. Когда он вошел, все уже два часа смотрели телевизор.
16. Я хочу, чтобы он поступил в институт.
17. Что делает отец? – Он уже два часа работает в саду.
18. Я не ожидал, что он придет.
XIII. Раскрывая скобки, напишите каждое предложение три раза, образуя условные предложения I, II и III типов:
1. If I (to live) near a wood, I (to gather) a lot of mushrooms.
2. If my father (to return) early, we (to watch) TV together.
3. If she (to know) English, she (to try) to enter the University.
4. If you (to be busy), I (to leave) you alone.
5. If my friend (to come) to see me, I (to be) very glad.
6. If mother (to buy) a cake, we (to have) a very nice tea-party.
7. If we (to receive) a telegram from him, we (not to worry).
8. If you (not to work) systematically, you (to fail) at the examination.
XIV. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующейся форме:
1. If they (not to go) to Moscow last year, they would not have heard that famous musician.
2. If my friend (to be) at home, he will tell us what to do.
3. If she (not to be) so absent-minded, she would be a much better student.
4. I wish you (to go) skiing with me yesterday: I had such a good time!
5. I wish you (to read) more in future. 6. I should be delighted if I (to have) such a beautiful fur-coat.
6. If you (to give) me your address, I shall write you a letter.
7. I (to write) the composition long ago if you had not disturbed me.
8. If he (not to read) so much, he would not be so clever.
9. I wish I never (to suggest) this idea.
10. I love sunny weather. I wish it (to be warm) all the year round.
XV. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол и временные показатели в соответствии с правилами согласования времен:
1. He thought father already (to repair) his bicycle.
2. He said he (to sleep) for 2 hours by my coming yesterday.
3. She said she (to come) with us tomorrow.
4. He said he often (to work) in the library.
5. He said he (to write) the letter by 5 tomorrow.
6. Mother thought children (to watch TV) at that time.
7. My friend asked me who (to play) the piano in the sitting room.
8. He said he thought the weather (to be) fine next week.
9. She said her sister (to be) ill now.
10. She said he already (to write) the composition.
11. Nick said he (to prepare) dinner tomorrow by 5.
12. She said she always (to work) in the library on Saturdays.
XVI. Переведите на английский язык:
1. Я знала, что она работает на заводе, что она замужем и счастлива.
2. Он думал, что его сестра уже вернулась с работы.
3. Она сказала, что будет работать в саду с 3 до 5 завтра.
4. Мама сказала, что к 1995 году они переехали в Москву.
5. Если бы ты прочитал книгу, я бы сдал ее в библиотеку, а теперь я не смогу взять там книги.
6. Если ты купишь билеты, мы сходим в кино.
7. Если бы у меня было сейчас время!
8. Если бы ты знал номер ее телефона, мы бы ей позвонили сейчас.
9. Он сказал, что завтра к 5 уже приготовит обед.
10. Мой друг сказал мне, что его брат сейчас смотрит телевизор в соседней комнате.
11. Я знал, что вы живете в Москве.
12. Он сказал, что дети сейчас играют во дворе.
13. Бабушка сказала, что завтра к 5 уже испечет пирог.
14. Если бы у меня была сейчас эта книга!
15. Если бы ты написал письмо, я бы отправил его, а теперь мне придется идти на почту завтра.
16. Моя сестра сказала, что уже прочитала эту книгу.
17. Если ты пойдешь в театр, я пойду с тобой.
18. Если бы ты знал ее адрес, мы бы навестили ее сейчас.
19. Он сказал, что завтра принесет тебе журнал.
20. Я не знал, что ты уже вернулся в Санкт-Петербург.
XVII. Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice:
1. We shall do the work in the evening.
2. He wrote his book in the 19th century.
3. They were playing tennis from 3 till 5.
4. He has stolen a lot of money.
5. By the middle of autumn we had planted all the trees.
6. They are building a new cinema house in our street.
7. By six o’clock they had finished work.
8. We have been looking for you the whole morning.
9. She showed him the way to the metro station.
10. We send our daughter to rest in the South every year.
11. They will show this film on TV.
12. They have forgotten the story.
XVIII. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Active или Passive Voice:
1. You can (to find) interesting information about the life in the USA in this book.
2. The work must (to finish) in time.
3. Yuri Dolgoruki (to found) Moscow in 1147.
4. Moscow University (to found) by Lomonosov.
5. Yesterday he (to tell) to prepare a speech.
6. Nobody (to see) him yesterday.
7. The telegram (to receive) tomorrow.
8. This new dictionary (to sell) everywhere now.
9. We (to translate) this article at the lesson tomorrow.
10. His friend (to tell) him everything.
11. The old man (to show) us the way out of the wood.
12. He (to give) me this book next week.
XIX. Выделите в предложениях ing -формы и определите, являются ли они причастием, герундием или отглагольным существительным:
1. Chalk is used for writing on the blackboard.
2. We sat by the river-side listening to the running of the water.
3. The cleaning of the room was done by the girls.
4. Working in the garden is very good for the health of people.
5. Going home from the cinema, they were discussing the play they had seen.
6. Remembering that time was like going back to his childhood.
7. Looking back upon that time, he realized how happy he had been then.
8. You should think before speaking.
9. The cleaning of the room was done by the girls.
10. We sat on the sofa listening to music.
11. The students found the reading of English newspapers difficult.
12. What do you mean by saying that?
XX. Переведите на английский язык:
1. Пение этой песни доставило всем удовольствие.
2. Сидя у окна, он курил.
3. Курение вредно для здоровья.
4. Эта статья была написана студентом.
5. Лежа на диване, он читал книгу.
6. Текст будет переведен к пяти часам.
7. Письмо уже написано.
8. Каждый день печатается много газет и журналов.
9. Эта опера была написана сто лет назад.
10. Книги уже принесли из библиотеки?
11. Перевод этого текста был трудным для меня.
12. Работа в саду полезна для здоровья.
13. Молодой человек, сидящий у окна, мой брат.
14. Этот рассказ обсудили на уроке литературы неделю назад.
15. Эта статья будет опубликована завтра к трем часам.
16. За директором уже послали.
17. Этот текст часто переводят на уроках.
18. Я думаю о том, чтобы поехать на море летом.
19. Меня пригласят на ваш вечер?
20. Этот вопрос еще обсуждается на собрании.
Часть 2
& Чтение
MY FAMILY
1. Ответьте на вопросы:
1) What are the advantages and disadvantages of having several brothers or sisters?
2) Are you close to your family?
3) Do you spend most of your free time at home or with your friends?
4) What can be gained from grandparents?
5) How can the relationship with grandparents differ from that with parents?
2. Прочитайте и переведите текст:
My name is Svetlana. I am 16 years old. I was born in Pyatigorsk, and still live here. My family is a small one. There are three of us in the family: my mother, my elder sister and me.
My mother is a manager of the firm. She is fond of her job. And in spite of the fact that, she is always busy she finds time to spend with us. We often spend evenings together. Sometimes we go to the cinema. I like films very much, and my favourite one is "Analyze that". It can seem strange, but I have seen it for many times and whenever I have a chance to watch it I don't miss it.
My sister's name is Natasha. She is already a student. She is 20. Natasha studies at the Institute of economy. I think she will become a good specialist. She studies a lot and she is an excellent student. I am so proud of her.
Natasha is tall and slim. But what I like most about her appearance are the dimples on her cheeks. She has long black curly hair. She is very pretty.
Well, as my mother works very hard and has a lot of things to do, my sister and I try to help her about the house. So we share our house chores. I usually tidy up the rooms and sometimes cook something to eat. Frankly speaking, I am not very good at cooking, but my mother doesn't think so. Maybe she doesn't just tell me about it, because she doesn't want me to be disappointed. But I think that everything comes by experience. I am an optimist by nature.
Now let me tell you a little about my home. I think it doesn't matter what your home is like, anyway, it is the place where you once move in and start to furnish and decorate it to your own taste. It becomes your second "ego". So my second "ego" is not very big, but it is very comfortable. There is enough space for everything: a hall, a living-room, a couple of bedrooms and a bathroom.
Our living-room is very spacious. It is the heart of our apartment. It is the place where I can see the rest of my family. In the evening we sit here in the soft armchairs and on the sofa, which are on the right of the room. In front of them there is furniture stuffed with crystal and books. There is also a stereo system and a TV set.
I am very glad that I have my own room. My bedroom is my private area though it is also my sister's room. It is a small room, but very cosy. There are two beds, a desk, a personal computer, a big bookcase and a wardrobe in my room. There are some posters of my favourite pop stars on the walls which I change very often into new ones.
Our kitchen is not large. We have regular meals in the kitchen. There are some cupboards, a cooker, a fridge, a dishwasher, a microwave and a kitchen table with four chairs. There are also some plants in our kitchen on the window-sill which make our kitchen cosier.
Our hall is very big. There is a wardrobe, some book-shelves on the walls, a long rag on the floor, and a closet where we keep our shoes.
I like our home very much. Our building is quite close to the underground station and what is more important to my school.
As I am a sunny soul person by nature, I love to have fun, to laugh, to talk and I like people with a sense of humour as well. I think that humour is one of the most necessary things for people. It is such a feature of character that everyone of us must possess, because it helps us to live better, to survive, to go through our daily problems easier.
I think that every person has his beauty, though some people don't develop it. I mean the beauty of the soul, the interior beauty. And I believe that our beauty depends on our character, on our soul, on our deeds. For example, when we meet a person and we like his character, his behaviour, his actions we think that he is nice, and even if he doesn't have an attractive appearance we don't feel it and we like him. As for me I value faithfulness, kindness and intelligence about people. I think these qualities are very important for any kind of relationship between people. I judge people by their actions. I follow the proverb, "Actions speak louder than words".
Well, as I am a very communicative girl, 1 have many friends and I often spend with them my weekends. I like them all, but most of them Hove Julia. She is very slim, though she is not tall. She has a round face with very large and dark eyes, her nose is straight. My friend is a very nice girl with a charming smile.
I think that every person must have a close friend, a true friend, with whom he can share his ideas, problems, and he or she is always ready to listen to you and help you. As for Julia, I can always rely on her, she is a very reliable person and I am pretty sure she will never let me down. She has a good ear for music and we go to a musical school together. She wants to become a musician, and I am sure she will be able to manage it, as she is a very purposeful girl.
Talking about hobbies, I would say that I am fond of reading. I can say I adore reading. My favourite writer is Remark, and my favourite book is "Three Friends" by Remark. I appreciate the friendship of these "three friends", their relationship, and how they care about each other and help each other out of the difficult situations. I think a good example of friendship is shown in this book. I also like dancing, and I dance much. I regard it as an essential part of myself, and I think it can be called a sort of a sport activity, as it helps me keep fit.
I also adore travelling. I think that it is a hobby of my dream. There are so many countries that I am eager to visit. I like nature and during my summer holidays I don't miss any chance to go to the country. And in the country I look forward to my coming back to the big city and going on my routine every day activities.
And talking about my daily routine I want to confess that it is not quite organized. And every Monday when I am awake I think I should start a new life. I honestly think that I must become well-organized and correct my daily routine. I make plans to go to keep fit classes, to do the cleaning and do hundred other good things. But then I remember that I have to call on my friend in the evening, and I put off my plans till next Monday. It is always better to start a new life in a week.
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