Long-Term Loans

Loans

Short –Term Loans

This refers to debt that matures in less than a year. In practice, however, many banks include loans of two to three years' maturity. There are the following types of short-term loans.

1. Line of Credit. This is a specific sum granted to a company for its use as needed. Sometimes a line of credit is extended for just 30 days, sometimes for two years. The interest on a credit line is computed only on the amount actually used.
2. Inventory Loan. These short-term loans require col­lateral -usually the inventory that they are to buy. Repayment is made as the inventory is sold and re­ceivables * paid up. These loans usually run six to nine months.

3. Commercial or Time Loan (строковий). This type of debt is a straightforward sum loan made by the bank and re­paid at the end of its term, usually three to six months.

* суми, які компанія повинна отримати від інших осіб у якості платежу за щось (наприклад, за доставлені товари)

Medium-Term Loans

These loans usually range from one to five years in length and are used to finance expansion or purchases of machinery and equipment and furniture. Banks usually require additional collateral for loans of these maturities. Two types of medium-term loans are the term loan and the monthly payment business loan.

Term Loan. (строковий кредит, який видається однією сумою) Repayment usually is structured in quarterly installments of principal plus interest.

2. Monthly Payment Business Loan. (позика діловому підприємству) This is similar to a term loan but the payments are divided into equal monthly installments.

Long-Term Loans

Loans of five or more years are the hardest to obtain and are usually granted only for such major projects as the purchase of real estate or a major plant expansion or ac­quisition.

Commercial and Industrial Mortgages. (іпотечний кредит) These are usu­ally extended when a company wants to buy the building that it has been renting. Such mortgages usually cover 75% of the appraised value of the property.

Real Estate Loan. (кредит під нерухомість) These refer to second mortgages (іпотека під вже закладену нерухомість) granted by banks on real estate al­ready owned by the corporation.

Personal Loan. These are loans based on the assets of the owner of the corporation. The assets most commonly put up as collateral are securities, certificates of deposit, savings accounts, or real property.

Asset-Based Loan. (кредит, забезпечений активами підприємства) This type of loan is usually used only when a company wants to take over another com­pany. This is called a leveraged buyout. (купівля контрольного пакету акцій за допомогою кредиту) Banks may grant a loan for as much as 70% of the purchase price, using as collateral receivables, raw materials, inventory, equipment, and machinery.

Startup Loan. Existing companies that want to start new companies may obtain a term loan from a bank if they also put significant amounts of their own money and personal assets of the owners into the deal.

Дата добавления: 2015-10-28