Михайловский дворец (русский музей).

1819-1825 гг., арх. К. И. Росси, ск. В. И. Демут-Малиновский, С.С.Пименов, худ. А. Виги, П. Скптти и др.; 1895-1897 гг., арх. В. Ф. Свиньин (реставрация и реконструкции интерьеров).

Шедевр высокого классицизма, дворец стал центром ансамбля, созданного по усадебному принципу. Торжествен­ный, по-моцартовски лучезарный фасад отмечен восьмиколонным портиком со скульптурным фризом. В центре пар­кового фасада - гигантская колоннада-лоджия. Грандиозный двухсветный вестибюль, белококонный зал второго этажа, деревянная модель которого была подарена английскому королю Георгу IV, показывают Росси как большого мастера интерьера.

После смерти великого князя Михаила Павловича в 1849 г. владелицей дворца стала великая княгиня Елена Павловна, салон которой во дворце посещали многие деятели культуры на ее вечерах выступали видные музыканты, здесь бывали Н. И. Пирогов и В. Я. Струве, государственные деятели, работавшие над проектами реформ 1860-х гг. Однако постепенно дворец стал приходить в упадок, большинство помещений обветшало. Последней владелицей здания стала великая княгиня Екатерина Михайловна. После ее смерти дворец был куплен в казну, а после реставрации и реконструкции здесь в 1898 г. открылся Государственный Русский музей им. Александра III.

По проектам К. И. Росси в 1825 г. был сооружен павильон в Михайловском саду, композиционно связавший ансамбля дворца и Марсова поля. Гранитная терраса-пристань на берегу Мойки перед павильоном ограждена красивой чугунной решеткой, изготовленной по рисунку К. И. Росси.

/. Answer the questions.

1. When was the Mikhailovsky Palace built?

2. What architect designed this palace?

3. Who was the Mikhailovsky Palace erected for?

4. Whose brother and son was Grand Duke Mikhail?

5. How did Carlo Rossi decorate the facade of the building?

6. What staircase leads to the doors of the palace?

7. What can we see on the sides of the portico between the rounded windows?

8. What well-known building did Rossi consider the Mikhailovsky Palace to be reminiscent of?

9. What parts of the palace have survived to this day in their original appearance?

10. What emperor ordered to inaugurate a State Russian Museum in the Mikhailovsky Palace?

11. When was the museum inaugurated?

12. What was the palace turned into?

13. How was the decoration of the rooms and halls of the pal­ace altered?

14. What objects was the base of the museum collection com­posed by?

15. How many exhibition halls did the museum have?

16. How many pieces of art were there in the halls of the mu­seum?

17. Where was the building added in order to accomodate the quickly growing collections of the museum?

18. Why was the building named the Benois Block?

19. What architects made the design of the Benois Block? When?

20. How many exhibits does the collection of the State Rus­sian Museum amount at the present time?

21. What do the State Russian Museum collections include now?

22. What does the Department of Ancient Russian Art dis­play in its halls?

23. What collection of art is particularly rich?

24. What collection of Russian Art does the State Russian Museum possess now?

25. What railing separates the palace from the square?

26. What gates is the railing dissected by?

27. How are the gates decorated?

28. How many bas-reliefs decorate the fa?ade of the palace?

29. What famous sculptor created these bas-reliefs?

30. What monument was erected in front of the palace?

31. When was the monument to the great Russian poet Alex­ander Pushkin unveiled?

32. What sculptor created the inspired image of the poet?

//. What are the historical event corresponding to the date.

1.1914-1917; 2.1898;

3. 1819-1825; 4.1957;

5.1895.

///. Remember the beginning of each sentence. If necessary look through the text again.

1......... was altered in the course of adapting to the pur­poses of the museum.

2......... representing national art from the llth century to

the present day.

3......... have survived to this day in their original appear­ance.

4......... leads to the doors.

5......... is considered to be one of the best examples of

wrought iron works in St Petersburg.

6......... Corinthian semi-columns rise.

---

Дата добавления: 2015-10-26