Make up a short story using them.

Francis Scott Fitzgerald (1896-1940)

F.S.Fitzgerald was born in St. Paul, Minnesota. He was educated at Princeton, but left it for the army in 1917. He did not get to the front as the hostilities were over before he reached his destination in Europe. Back in New York, he began to work at an advertizing agency. Simultaneously he wrote stories, verses, sketches and screenplays, working in a hurried manner at his spare time. The magazines he sent them to refused to publish them. His first novel “ This Side of Paradise ” came out in 1920 and brought him great success. It was followed by two volumes of short stories. In one of them, “ Tales of the Jazz Age ”, he gave a name that stuck to an age that he was to live through and see burn out. His second and biggest novel, “ The Beautiful and the Damned ” (1922) came out when the author was already well-known in the USA. However, when his masterpiece “ The Great Gatsby ” appeared in 1925, it did not meet with the recognition the author hoped for. Discouraged by its failure, Fitzgerald devoted his artistic endeavour to short-story writing. In the thirties his two other novels were created, “ Tender is the Night ” (1934) and “ The Last Tycoon ” (1940), his last and unfinished work.

In the mid-thirties Fitzgerald lived through a deep spiritual crisis which was reflected in his autobiographical essays “ The Crack-Up ” (1936). He went to Hollywood where he spent his last years writing screenplays that were constantly rejected. Lonely, poor and dispirited, he drank himself to death.

Many years after his death Fitzgerald’s literary heritage was revised and revalued. After World War II American critics became almost unanimous in recognizing the merit of his best novels, although his short stories are still argued about. Nowadays Fitzgerald ranks among the best American authors of the XX century.

ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA

Francis Scott Fitzgerald

Born Sept. 24, 1896, St. Paul, Minnesota, U.S.

Died Dec. 21, 1940, Hollywood, California

Fitzgerald, F. Scott (in full Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald) is an American short-story writer and novelist famous for his depictions of the Jazz Age (the 1920s), his most brilliant novel being The Great Gatsby (1925). His private life, with his wife, Zelda, in both America and France, became almost as celebrated as his novels.

Fitzgerald was the only son of an unsuccessful, aristocratic father and an energetic, provincial mother. Half the time he thought of himselfas the heir of his father's tradition, which included the author of “The Star-Spangled Banner,” Francis Scott Key, after whom he was named, and half the time as “straight 1850 potato-famine Irish.” As a result he had typically ambivalent American feelingsabout American life, which seemed to him at once vulgar and dazzlingly promising.

He also had an intensely romantic imagination, what he once called “a heightened sensitivity to the promises of life,” and he charged into experience determined to realize those promises. At both St. Paul Academy (1908–10) and Newman School (1911–13) he tried too hard and made himself unpopular, but at Princeton he came close to realizing his dream of a brilliant success. He became a prominent figure in the literary life of the university and made lifelong friendships with Edmund Wilson and John Peale Bishop. He became a leading figure in the socially important Triangle Club, a dramatic society, and was elected to one of the leading clubs of the university; he fell in love with Ginevra King, one of the beauties of her generation. Then he lost Ginevra and flunked out of Princeton.

He returned to Princeton the next fall, but he had now lost all thepositions he coveted, and in November 1917 he left to join the army. In July 1918, while he was stationed near Montgomery, Ala., he met Zelda Sayre, the daughter of an Alabama Supreme Court judge. They fell deeply in love, and, as soon as he could, Fitzgerald headed for New York determined to achieve instant success and to marry Zelda. What he achieved was an advertising job at $90 a month. Zelda broke their engagement, and, after an epic drunk, Fitzgerald retired to St. Paul to rewritefor the second time a novel he had begun at Princeton. In the spring of 1920 it was published, he married Zelda, and “riding in a taxi one afternoon between very tall buildings under a mauve and rosy sky; I began to bawl because I hadeverything I wanted and knew I would never be so happy again”.

Immature though it seems today, This Side of Paradise in 1920 was a revelation of the new morality of the young; it made Fitzgerald famous. This fame opened to him magazines of literary prestige, such as Scribner's, and high-paying popular ones, such as The Saturday Evening Post. This sudden prosperity made it possible for him and Zelda to play the roles they were so beautifully equipped for, and Ring Lardner called them the prince and princess of their generation. Though they loved these roles, they were frightened by them, too, as the ending of Fitzgerald's second novel, The Beautiful and Damned (1922), shows. The Beautiful and Damned describes a handsome young man and his beautiful wife, who gradually degenerate into a shopworn middle age while they wait for the young man to inherit a large fortune. Ironically, they finally get it, when there is nothing of them left worth preserving.

To escape the life that they feared might bring them to this end, the Fitzgeralds (together with their daughter, Frances, called “Scottie,” born in 1921) moved in 1924 to the Riviera, where they found themselves a part of a group of American expatriates whose style was largely set by Gerald and Sara Murphy; Fitzgerald described this society in his last completed novel, Tender Is the Night, and modeled its hero on Gerald Murphy. Shortly after their arrival in France, Fitzgerald completed his most brilliant novel, The Great Gatsby (1925). All of his divided nature is in this novel, the naive Midwesterner afire with the possibilities of the “American Dream” in its hero, Jay Gatsby, and the compassionate Princeton gentleman in its narrator, Nick Carraway. The Great Gatsby is the most profoundly American novel of its time; at its conclusion, Fitzgerald connects Gatsby's dream, his “Platonic conception of himself,” with the dream of the discoverers of America. Some of Fitzgerald's finest short stories appeared in All the Sad Young Men (1926), particularly “The Rich Boy” and “Absolution,” but it was not until eight years later that another novel appeared.

The next decade of the Fitzgeralds' lives was disorderly and unhappy. Fitzgerald began to drink too much, and Zelda suddenly, ominously, began to practice ballet dancing night and day. In 1930 she had a mental breakdown and in 1932 another, from which she never fully recovered. Through the 1930s they fought to save their life together, and, when the battle was lost, Fitzgerald said, “I left my capacity for hoping on the little roads that led to Zelda's sanitarium.” He did not finish his next novel, Tender Is the Night, until 1934. It is the story of a psychiatrist who marries one of his patients, who, as she slowly recovers, exhausts his vitality until he is, in Fitzgerald's words, un homme épuisé (“a man used up”). Though technically faulty and commercially unsuccessful, this is Fitzgerald's most moving book.

With its failure and his despair over Zelda, Fitzgerald was close to becoming an incurable alcoholic. By 1937, however, he had come back far enough to become a scriptwriter in Hollywood, and there he met and fell in love with Sheilah Graham, a famous Hollywood gossip columnist. For the rest of his life –except for occasional drunken spells when he became bitter and violent – Fitzgerald lived quietly with her. (Occasionally he went east to visit Zelda or his daughter Scottie, who entered Vassar College in 1938.) In October 1939 he began a novel about Hollywood, The Last Tycoon. The career of its hero, Monroe Stahr, is based on that of the producer Irving Thalberg. This is Fitzgerald's final attempt to create his dream of the promises of American life and of the kind of man who could realize them. In the intensity with which it is imagined and in the brilliance of its expression, it is the equal of anything Fitzgerald ever wrote, and it is typical of his luck that he died of a heart attack with his novel only half-finished. He was 44 years old.

Major Works:

Novels.

This Side of Paradise (1920); The Beautiful and Damned (1922); The Great Gatsby (1925); Tender Is the Night (1934); The Last Tycoon, unfinished (1941).

Short stories.

Flappers and Philosophers (1920); Tales of the Jazz A ge (1922); All the Sad Young Men (1926), includes “ The Rich Boy ” and “ Absolution ”; Taps at Reveille (1935).

Notebooks and Letters.

The Crack-up, ed. by Edmund Wilson (1945); Letters, ed. by Andrew Turnbull (1963).

CHAPTER I (pp 5-26)

VOCABULARY

Vocabulary List

to be inclined to do sth.	curiosity
to be accused of	to complain
to boast	anticipation
tolerance	coherence
well-to-do	decency
to confer	to be engaged to sb.
resemblance	to reserve (judgements)
bizarre	in uniform
sinister	a libel
acute	to descend from smb.
elaborate	to overlook smth.
arrogant	one’s second cousin
to convey	to drift
hint	to hate smb’s guts
a heitened sensitivity to the promises of life	a bond man

a) Study words and word-combinations from the Vocabulary List. Reproduce the situations in which they are used.

b) Find Russian equivalents to the following words and word-combinations:

revelation, gorgeous, extraordinary, to descend, ragged, superficial, to glitter, to drift, enormous, to approve, to compel, hulking, profound, sophisticated, to vanish, abortive sorrows, short-winded elations, unaffected scorn, infinite hope, riotous excursions

Make up 15 sentences using them.

c) Find synonyms to the following words:

glimpse, glitter, extraordinary, vanish, boast, bizarre, acute, well-to-do, privy, feign, parcel out, peremptory, supercilious, affected, shiftlessness, gift, riotous, exempt

d) Find antonyms to the following words:

wholesale, sturdy, irrelevant, tolerance, flabby, prominent, well-to-do, arrogant, acute

e) Give definitions of the meaning of the words and exemplify their use by the sentences from the text:

hardboiled, abortive, elation, compel

f) Find Russian equivalents to the following idiomatic expressions and exemplify their use by your own sentences or make up a short story using them.:

to hate smb’s guts (AE), to have the guts to do smth. (AE), at any rate, to go from bad to worse

g) Give Russian equivalents of:

to reserve judgements, to give smb. a heart-to-heart talk, a peremptory order (demand, command, request, tone), a an irrelevant question (criticism, pause, laugh, joke), supercilious manner (air, smile, remark, assumption), a sophisticated woman (learner, admirer, writer), an affected gesture (manner, pose, laughter), to show (need, demand, insist on) tolerance, to treat smth. tolerantly, to be tolerant of different religious views, to be intolerant of smoking, to be shiftless, to hate shiftlessness, to control shiftlessness and disorder

h) Express the same notion in one word:

to be carried along by circumstances, to cause a feeling of dislike, the use of unnatural manners, allowing no denial or refusal, worldly wise, having nothing to do with the point, to keep back one’s opinion for later use, reluctance to interfere with the freedom of thought or action of others

i) Give English equivalents of:

перебирать в памяти, происходить из, быть поводом для нарекания, жеманные манеры, аншлаг, вызвать гром аплодисментов, водоотталкивающий материал, накинуть (надеть), свободное платье (через голову), бельмо на глазу, попытаться что-либо сделать, неуклюжий человек, поверхностные знания, клевета, кладовая

EXERCISES

a) Fill in the gaps with appropriate words.

1. His speaking voice, a gruff husky tenor, added to impression of fractiousness he ___.

2. If she saw me out of the corner of her eyes she gave no ___ of it.

3. My family have been prominent, ___ people in this Middle Western city for three generations.

4. She might have the ___ not to telephone him at dinner time.

5. I lived at West Egg, the – well, the less fashionable of the two, though this is a most __ tag to express the ___ and not a little ___ contrast between them.

6. It was sharply different from the West, where an evening was hurried from phase to phase toward its close, in a continually disappointed ___ or else in sheer nervous dread of the movement itself.

7. In consequence, I’m ___ to reserve all judgements, a habit that opened up many curious natures to me…

b) Translate in writing from English into Russian the following passage on page 9:

from “I lived at West Egg…” to “… eighty dollars a month.”

c) Translate from Russian into English:

1. Его зловещая внешность причудливым образом сочеталась с мягким характером.

2. Любопытство не давало ей покоя, но рамки приличия не давали ей возможности задавать вопросы.

3. То, что случилось с этим молодым человеком, превзошло наши наихудшие опасения.

4. Именно эти хваленые герои первыми бросились бежать.

5. Он слишком туп, чтобы понимать намеки.

6. Зажиточное крестьянство являлось основным объектом коллективизации.

7. Последовательность доводов и детально разработанные аргументы являются, безусловно, его сильной стороной.

8. Ораторы обвиняли канцлера в том, что он не считается с фактом безработицы.

9. Правительство предоставило этому университету право присваивать ученые степени.

10. Я, пожалуй, склонен с вами согласиться.

11. Я вижу только самое общее сходство между этими образцами, и ничего более.

12. Правительство субсидирует оказание медицинской помощи на дому, когда пациент выписывается из больницы после острого заболевания.

13. Они были помолвлены в течение многих лет, но так и не поженились.

d) Comment on the way the geographical name is translated into Russian in the following sentence:

I graduated from New Haven in 1915. – Я окончил Йельский университет в 1915 году.

DISCUSSION

a) Answer the following questions:

1. What was the advice the narrator’s father gave him in his young years? What else did he mean?

2. What was the history of the narrator’s family?

3. How did he appear in West Egg?

4. How did the narrator relate to Mr. Gatsby?

5. Who was Tom Buchanans and where did he live?

6. What was the way Tom Buchanans had changed?

7. Who did the narrator find on the sofa?

8. What have you found out about the Buchanans?

9. How did the behaviour of those present change before and after the telephone call?

10. What were Daisy’s suspicions?

11. What did she wish her daughter when she was born?

12. What sort of books did Tom like to read? How did he take them?

13. Who did Miss Baker appeare to be?

14. Was Jordan Baker’s fame nation-wide?

15. What disappointed Nick in the Buchanans after seeing them?

16. Who did the narrator notice on his way home?

b) Give the description of:

- Tom Buchanan

- Daisy Buchanan

- Miss Baker

- West Egg

c) What can you say about the narrator’s name and background?

d) Give your comments on:

- Tom Buchanans “Nordic” ideas

- Daisy’s wish to her daughter

e) Make a list of chief events in the chapter.

f) Retell the chapter.

CHAPTER II (pp 26-41)

VOCABULARY

Vocabulary List

bleak	dignity
to perceive	a valey of ashes
solemn	to take the form of
violence	to fatten one’ practice
to contain	to brood over smth.
vitality	to turn up
to plunge	waste land
cute	unprosperous
to be concerned	a gleam of hope
to be entangled in smth.	to undergo a change
to commence	in disdain
discreet	the lower orders
ambiguously	to get the entry
to pretend	to be below smb.
complexion

a) Study words and word-combinations from the Vocabulary List. Reproduce the situations in which they are used.

b) Find synonyms to the following words and make up 10 sentences using them: obscure, stare, dumb, cute, to commence, to stand sb., artificial, to be scared, acquaintance, stout, vicinity, disdain, discreet, swank, ambiguous, persistent, strident, bloom, obscene, violent, elaborate

c) Find Russian equivalents to the following expressions and make up a short story using them: to tank up, to be not fit to lick sb’s shoe, to keep sb’s eyes off someone, to give a blurred air to smth, to sweep about, a brown figured muslin, to change one’s dress

d) Find British equivalents to the following American words:

railroad, drugstore, elevator, apartment, veranda, (railway) car

e) Give definitions of the meaning of the words and exemplify their use by the sentences from the text:

countenance, bob, hauteur, elaborateness, effeminate

f) Give English equivalents of:

костюм для верховой езды, шнуровка, краги (блестящие сапоги), хриплый и грубоватый голос, презрительная отеческая снисходительность, студенческое общество на старших курсах, испугаться кого-либо, шлак, напряженное усилие, лязг или скрип, свинцовые лопаты

EXERCISES

a) Fill in the gaps with appropriate words.

1. But above the grey land and the spasms of ___ dust which drift endlessly over it, you ___, after a moment, the eyes of Doctor T.J. Eckleburg.

2. But his eyes, dimmed a little by many paintless days under sun and rain, brood on over the ___ dumping ground.

3. I think he’d tanked up a good deal at luncheon, and his determination to have my company bordered on ____.

4. Her face, above a spotted dress of dark blue crêpe-de-chine, ___ no facet or gleam of beauty, but there was an ____ perceptible ____ about her as if the nerves of her body were continually smouldering.

5. The man peered doubtfully into the basket, ___ in his hand and drew one up, wriggling, by the back of the neck.

6. “I think it’s ___,” said Mrs. Willson enthusiastically.

7. Mrs. Willson was first ___ with the dog.

8. Just as Tom and Myrtle … reappeared, company ___ to arrive at the apartment-door.

9. The sister, Catherine, was a slender, worldly girl of about thirty, with a solid, sticky bob of red hair, and a ___ powdered milky white.

10. It’d be more ___ to go to Europe.

11. “Well, I married him,” said Myrtle ____.

12. I couldn’t keep my eyes off him, but every time he looked at me I had to ___ to be looking at the advertisement over his head.

13. “I beg your pardon,” said Mr. McKee with ___.

b) Translate in writing from English into Russian the following passage on page 26: from “About half way …” to “… from your sight.”

c) Translate from Russian into English:

1. Взволнованные матери нетерпеливо поджидали своих детей.

2. Спектакль начнется в восемь часов.

3. Насилие всегда только ухудшает положение.

4. Нездоровый цвет лица говорил о том, что у него не все в порядке с печенью.

5. Каждый ее жест дышит грацией и благородством.

6. Последнее издание глоссария содержит 5 тыс. словарных статей.

7. Вам бы следовало немедленно обратиться к врачу.

8. Постепенно неловкость исчезла, и завязался непринужденный разговор.

9. Эта книга — адаптированное издание «Холодного дома».

10. Его мальчишеская жизнерадостность всегда очень сильно располагала.

11. Что бы вы ни говорили, осторожным его не назовешь.

12. Все, что он говорил, звучало весьма двусмысленно.

13. Вдали они заметили какой-то свет.

DISCUSSION

a) Answer the following questions:

1. What was the reason for Nick’s first meeting with Tom’s mistress?

2. Why do you think Nick was curious to see Tom’s mistress though he had no desire to meet her?

3. What was the name of Tom’s mistress and where did she live?

4. What was her explanation to her husband of going to New York?

5. What did Myrtle Willson buy, and why did she do so many purchases?

6. What did the apartment look like?

7. Who were the visitors that came to the party?

8. What were the points of the conversation?

9. What was the story about Myrtle and her husband’s first meeting and marriage?

10. What was the story about Myrtle and Tom’s first meeting?

11. What was the end of the party?

b) Give the description of:

- Myrtle Willson

- Myrtle Willson’s husband

- Catherine

- Mr. And Mrs. McKee

- Daisy and Myrtle

c) Why do you think Tom had an affair with Myrtle Willson? Why do people marry people they don’t really love?

d) Summarize your impressions on the atmosphere at the party in Tom and Myrtle’s apartment in New York and compare it with that of the party at the Buchanans’ in East Egg.

e) What can you say about Gatsby?

f) Make a list of chief events in the chapter.

g) Retell the chapter.

CHAPTER III (pp 42-63)

VOCABULARY

Vocabulary List

Crate	gaudy
to be in full swing	to ask smb whereabouts
Prodigality	in the vicinityto excuse oneself
to be intended to do sth	to start on the subject
Prosperous	to call smb on the wire
Embarrassment	to be an oxford man
to shiver	to stimulate smb’s curiosity
Elemental	at the request of smb
to pick one's words with care	to assume a(n) (inky) colour
Condescension	to give smth another thought
Reluctance	to go up in the hydroplane
Conscientious	to throw mean looks
casual events	to go places
to get out of the tangle	cardinal virtues

a) Study words and word-combinations from the Vocabulary List. Reproduce the situations in which they are used.

b) Give definitions of the meaning of the lexical units below using an English-English dictionary; find derivatives with the same root-morpheme as the words in bold type:

prodigality; elemental; sinister; to be in full swing, to deal in subterfuges, a cardinal virtue, prudence, premature, testimony, impetuously, to saunter

c) Find antonyms to the following words and expressions and make up a short story using them:

prodigal; to live with a fast crowd; to draw to an end; to neglect smth; to behave honestly; to have an advantage; enthusiastic meetings

d) Find all the synonyms to the verb to shiver and speak on the differences in their meaning

e) Give Russian equivalents of:

elemental forces of nature (feelings, passions, impulses); a sinister face (look, sight, person), to deal in subterfuges (lies, gossip, libel), to retract one’s statement (words, hints, questions)

f) Give English equivalents of:

кутящее общество, быть в невыгодном положении, торговец контрабандным алкоголем, поставщик провизии, трудиться, садовые ножницы, опустошение (урон), без мякоти, тщательно подбирать слова, выделять кого-либо (среди остальных)

EXERCISES

a) Paraphrase or explain:

1. The lights grow brighter as the earth lurches away from the sun, and now the orchestra is playing yellow cocktail music, and the opera of voices pitches a key higher.

2....they conducted themselves according to the rules of behavior associated with amusement parks.

3. It was testimony to the romantic speculation he inspired that there were whispers about him from those who had found little that it was necessary to whisper about in this world.

4. Even Jordan's party, the quartet from East Egg, were rent asunder by dissension.

b) Translate in writing from English into Russian the following passage on page 42:

from “ There was music…” to “…a butler’s thumb.”

c) Translate from Russian into English:

1. Его ценят за то, что он добросовестный работник.

2. В руках у торговца была полная корзина ананасов.

3. Расточительность разорила его.

4. Он обучал детей основам народных ремесел.

5. От смущения он делал не то, что следовало.

6. Что вы намерены делать?

7. Американцы считают себя процветающей нацией.

8. Я настоятельно рекомендую вам тщательно подбирать слова, когда вы обсуждаете подобные вопросы.

9. Все его поведение выражало снисходительность.

10. Холодная дрожь пробежала у него по спине.

11. Его нежелание соглашаться можно понять.

12. Переговоры идут теперь полным ходом.

DISCUSSION

a) Answer the following questions:

1. What happened in Nick’s neighbourhood?

2. What was the way Gatsby’s parties were running?

3. Was the Prohibition Law obeyed by Gatsby?

4. What kind of people attended the parties?

5. Why, do you think, was Nick invited?

6. Who did he meet?

7. What kind of rumours about the host did Nick hear?

8. What and who did Nick and Jordan find in the library?

9. How did Nick and Gatsby meet?

10. Did Gatsby's appearance and manner justify the sinister rumours about him?

11. What details, episodes and scenes emphasize Gatsby's isolation and loneliness?

12. Why did Gatsby bother to give his parties?

13. What was the ending of the party?

14. What was Nick’s attitude to Jordan?

b) Give the description of:

- Gatsby

c) Discuss the following topics:

1. Gatsby’s party. Pick out details in its description suggestive of the scope of the host's wealth and prodigality. Discuss the features of the epoch as reflected in Chapter III.Gatsby’s guests. What sort of people were attracted by the party? What layers of society did they represent? Dwell upon their behaviour. Pick out episodes showing the behaviour of the same people: a) when the party was in full swing; b) at the end of it.

3. Nick meets Gatsby. Dwell on Gatsby’s appearance and manner of speech. Did they justify the sinister rumours about him?What details, episodes and scenes emphasize Gatsby’s isolation and loneliness?

4.* What makes it possible for one to move with a fast crowd? (easy money? wrong values? low tastes? bad company?) Does it depend on upbringing?

5.* What sort of people deal in subterfuges? Do all people hate being at a disadvantage?

6.* What cardinal virtues would you insist on? What cardinal virtues does Christianity prescribe? Is prodigality a cardinal virtue? Of the traditional virtues and vices below which do you consider:

- the least important virtue?	- the most important virtue?
- the most forgivable vice?	- the least forgivable vice?

The Deadly Sins:

Sloth	Лень
Pride	Гордость
Envy	Зависть
Gluttony	Обжорство
Anger	Злоба
Lust	Похоть
Covetousness	Скупость, жадность

The Cardinal Virtues:

Hope	Надежда
Faith	Вера
Prudence	Благоразумие
Fortitude	Мужество
Justice	Справедливость
Charity	Любовь к ближнему, милосердие

Which of the ten Commandments do you find the most difficult to observe?

7.* Additional topics and sources for discussion:

- Honesty (Reading and Speaking Advanced by Will Forsyth, Unit 7)

- People (personality questionnaire, listening comprehension – Listening and Speaking Advanced by David Briggs and Paul Dummett, Unit 2)

d) Make a list of chief events in the chapter.

e) Retell the chapter.

CHAPTERIV (pp 63-83)

VOCABULARY

Vocabulary List

bootleger	for no good reason
subtle	to pull smb’s leg
fiancée	to restrain one’s laugh
to call on sb	the phrase is worn threadbare
urgent	to evoke images
admiration	to accept a commission as
disappointment	to be promoted
to be aware of sth.	to lift up the words
ancestors	to skim through
to hesitate	to consent to do smth
expressive	to lay eyes on smb
juxtaposition	a man of fine breeding
gambler	to outstay one’s income
to flatter	to impose oneself on smb
coincidence	to be quite a character
to arrange sth	to be engrossed in each other
to be on speaking terms with smb	to come out with a perfect reputation

a) Study words and word-combinations from the Vocabulary List. Reproduce the situations in which they are used.

b) Define the meaning of the following words:

bootleger, gambler, ancestors, evasions, retribution, luxuriate

c) Find synonyms to the following words and expressins: sporadic, triumphant, to hesitate, to flatter, ancestor, admiration, disappointment, gambler, punctilious, to be on speaking terms with smb, to be engrossed in each other, to consent to do smth, to have not the faintest idea, sentimental atmosphere, somnambulatory abstraction

d) Find antonyms to the following words and expressions:

to pull sb’s leg, dead and gone, to outstay sb’s welcome, to play around, to hesitate, juxtaposition, sentimental

Make up a short story using them.

e) Give English equivalents of:

белыефланелевые бриджи; подножка автомобиля; день на точке кипения; катафалк, заваленный цветами; кареты с задернутыми занавесками; состояние сомнамбулической отрешенности; аппетитный гуляш; клетчатая юбка в складку; мне никогда не приходило в голову; подружка невесты; странное совпадение; я был потрясен скромностью этой просьбы

f) Give Russian equivalents of:

nervous, sporadic games; impatient opening and closing of a hand; his punctilious manner; green leather conservatory; disconcerting ride; bizzare accusations; the gnawings of his broken heart; crimson-lighted depths; succulent hash, to eat withferocious delicacy; the idea staggered me

EXERCISES

a) Translate in writing from English into Russian the following passage on page 71:

from “ Over the great bridge…” to “…haughty rivalry.”

b) Paraphrase or explain:

2. A little overwhelmed, I began the generalized evasions which that question deserves.

3. My family all died and I came into a good deal of money.

4. I hadn’t the faintest idea what ‘this matter’ was, but I was more annoyed than interested.

5. Even Gatsby could happen, without any particular wonder.

6. By the next autumn she was gay again, gay as ever.

7. By the next year I had a few beaux myself.

8. I came into her room half an hour before the bridal dinner, and found her lying on her bed as lovely as the June night in her flowered dress – and as drunk as a monkey.

c) Translate from Russian into English:

1. Я раздумывал, согласиться ли мне на эту должность.

2. Горе и разочарование наложили отпечаток на его характер.

3. Мы льстим себя надеждой, что можем обойтись без их помощи.

4. Мне нужно заняться одним срочным делом.

5. Мать моей невесты относится ко мне неодобрительно.

6. Когда он заходил, меня не было дома.

7. В нем есть что-то от игрока.

8. Этот обычай перешел к нам от наших предков.

9. Какое удивительное совпадение, что мы встретились с вами в этом месте!

10. Танец — это искусство глубоко выразительное.

11. Все давно подозревают, что он подпольно торгует спиртным.

12. Наблюдается небольшой сдвиг в политической обстановке.

13. Полиция наложила на него штраф за неправильную парковку.

14. Держать специалистов в курсе современной научной мысли – наша главная задача.

15. Мы не можем не восхищаться его талантами.

16. Мы условились встретиться в 5 часов.

DISCUSSION

Answer the following questions:

1. What was Gatsby spoken about?

2. What can you say about Gatsby’s guests?

3. What was Nick and Gatsby’s meeting about?

4. What did Nick discover after several meetings with Gatsby?

5. What was Gatsby’s story about his life? Was it true?

6. What kind of request did Gatsby make to Nick?

7. Who did they have lunch with?

8. What was the history of old Metropole?

9. Who was Rosy Rosenthal?

10. What was Mr. Wolfsheim’s opinion of Gatsby? How long had he known him?

11. What did Mr. Wolfsheim do? What had he done in 1919?

12. Why was Gatsby embarrassed when he met Tom?

13. What was Jordan Baker’s story?

14. What did Nick learn about Daisy?

15. What were Gatsby’s plans concerning Daisy? Why did he want to see her?

Why does the author give the names of Gatsby’s guests? What are the names like the Beckers, the Leeches, the Dancies, the Smirkes, Beaver, Ferret, etc. suggestive of? Were all Gatsby’s guests to his credit? What generation did they represent?

Discuss the connotations evoked by the names of Mr Mumble, Katspaugh, Wolfsheim, Daisy.

Give the description of:

- Mr. Wolfsheim

Say whose utterances these are and give your opinion of their ideas:

- "And I like large parties. They are so intimate. At small parties there isn't any privacy."

- "Dishonesty in a woman is a thing you never blame deeply."

Make a list of chief events in the chapter.

Retell the chapter.

CHAPTER V (pp 83-98)

VOCABULARY

Vocabulary List

Circumstances	to call up smb
to be absorbed	to put smb to trouble
Vaguely	to fumble with a series of beginnings
to establish	to carry on a little business
Decline	to render smb a service
to inherit	to cut smb off
to cease	to scrutinize smth
Possessions	a matter-of-fact voice
to be out of practice	to be smeared with tears
Bewilderment	to adjust oneself
to blaze with light	a rush of emotion
to take a plunge	to be possessed by intense life

a) Study words and word-combinations from the Vocabulary List. Reproduce the situations in which they are used.

b) Find synonyms to the following words and expressions: to blaze, to conceal, to cease, bewilderment, notoriety, to loaf, glamour, to render a service, to appal, gusts of emotion, celebrated people, inconceivable, enchant, trousers of a nebulous hue.

Make up a short story using them.

c) Find Russian equivalents to the following words and idiomatic expressions:

to put someone to trouble, to put smth. off, to have one’s hands full, to be electrocuted, to hold one’s tongue, to deliver from the womb, it’s nothing underhand, flat-footed and short-sighted, to render a service, to be consumed with some feeling, to tumble/ to fall short of smth, to be employed in some capacity, highballs, benediction, to offend, single-mindedness, banner, meretricious, glamour

d) Give English equivalents to the following words and word-combinations:

метрдотель, запонки, взломать сейф, нитка жемчуга, дружок и дружка (на свадьбе), сильно пьющий, трезвенник, заводить романы, пожар, погреб, банальность, газонокосилка, зарабатывать, траурный венок

e) Find in the text English equivalents to the following word-combinations and sentences; comment on the way they are translated:

поплавать в бассейне

ждать с плохо скрываемым нетерпением

небрежно сказать

неплохо заработать (разг.)

затеять небольшой бизнес между делом

быть занятым своими мыслями и нерасположенным к разговору

невидящим взглядом

бодрящий эликсир

важно и вполголоса

к моему невероятному удивлению

руки, как свинцовые гири в карманах

следить напряженным взглядом

кочковатый газон

1. Спокойствие не было самоцелью.

2. Под глазами у него темнели следы бессонной ночи.

3. Он взглянул на часы с видом человека, которого неотложные дела призывают в другое место.

4. С утра зарядил проливной дождь.

5. Он стал мямлить в поисках подходящего начала.

f) Explain what the games “hide-and-go-seek” and “sardines-in-the-box” mean. What are their rules?

EXERCISES

a) Translate in writing from English into Russian the following passage on page 90: from “I walked out …” to “… peasantry.”

b) Fill in the gaps with appropriate words.

1. I realize now that under different ___ that conversation might have been one of the crises of my life.

2. I couldn’t ___ a single commonplace out of the thousand in my head.

3. Amid the welcome confusion of cups and cakes a certain physical decency ___ itself.

4. After his embarrassment and his unreasoning joy he was consumed with ___ at her presence.

5. Recovering himself in a minute he opened for us two ___ patent cabinets which held his massed suits and dressing-gowns and ties, and his shirts, piled like bricks in stacks a dozen high.

6. With ___ murmurs Daisy admired this aspect or that of the feudal silhouette against the sky, admired the gardens, the sparkling odour of jonquils and the frothy odour of hawthorn...

7. As I went over to say good-bye I saw that the expression of ___ had come back into Gatsby’s face, as though a faint doubt had occurred to him as to the quality of his present happiness.

c) Translate from Russian into English:

1. Эта фирма была основана в 1856 году под названием «Рич и сыновья».

2. Все зависит от обстоятельств; что хорошо в одном случае, то плохо в другом.

3. Я не знаю, получится ли у меня, я давно не тренировался.

4. Он унаследовал от отца крепкое телосложение.

5. Работа увлекла его до такой степени, что он не заметил вошедших.

6. Уменьшение сбыта товаров поставило компанию в трудное финансовое положение.

7. Его личная собственность была для него превыше всего.

8. Море затихло после бури.

9. Подозреваемый был описан весьма расплывчато, вряд ли это могло помочь следствию.

10. Трудно сказать, что послужило причиной для ее смущения.

DISCUSSION

a) Answer the following questions:

1. What was the reason for Gatsby’s house blazing?

2. Why did Gatsby want to cut Nick’s grass?

3. What did Nick and Daisy agree on?

4. What was Gatsby’s state in the day of meeting?

5. What were Daisy’s suppositions about Nick’s invitation?

6. What was Daisy and Gatsby’s reaction when they saw each other?

7. Why do you think Gatsby was so strained?

8. What was the reason for Daisy and Gatsby’s confusion?

9. What was the change after Nick’s return?

10. What else have you learnt about Gatsby’s business?

11. What was Daisy’s impression of Gatsby’s house?

12. How did Gatsby behave while showing his house?

13. Why was Daisy crying?

14. Do you think Daisy and Gatsby were happy?

b) Give the description of:

- Gatsby’s house interior

- Klipspringer

c) Comment on the expression:

“No amount of fire or freshness can challenge what a man will store up in his ghostly heart.”

d) Comment on the following: “It was the hour of a profound human change, and excitement was generating on the air.”

e) Make a list of chief events in the chapter.

f) Retell the chapter.

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