Line Balancing

19. How can be used a flow chart by production planning?

Flow charts graphically or numerically reflect the planned technological and organizational flow

20. How can you visualize a manufacturing process?

Flow charts

(Which orders are processed on which object)

· Processing order

· Entry occupancy times of objects

· Graphical object-group-related flow chart

· (Derive) theoretical production order lead times

21. How can you define object allocation time?

tBOj Object allocation time [TU/PO]

I Production order number i = 1(1)m

J Object number j = 1(1)n

Tnj Standard time of Production order [TU/PO]

ηSchj shift utilization degree [%]

FNij Standard compliance factor 0,95 ≤ Fnij ≤ 1,15

Tzj additional time [TU/PO]

fTUL Factor for Transport Handling Storage time at Object(1,05…1,15)

Tr setup time

nL lot size

Te part production time

22. How can you find exact values for dimensioning technological object-Capacity?

Z*_ob = Z_L (t_R + n_L * t_e) / t_nom,ob * η_sch

Z*Ob calculated number of objects

ZL number of lots/a

tR setup time [min/Lot]

nL Lotsize [parts/lot]

te time per part [min/part]

Tnom,Ob nominal object time fund time available per object e.g. per year [min/a]

ηSch utilization shift

t_nom,Ob = t_j * Z_sch * t_sch * 60min/h

tj working days per year

ZSch shifts a day

tSch hours per shift

t_nom,Ob = 251 * 2 *7.5 * 60 = 225900

23. What are the characteristics of Shop floor production?

· wide product range, many different products, dynamically fluctuating demand, small size of orders("small series production")

· to certain specialized systems of work, that must supply the production of various products (competition of products for limited resources)

· Summary of work systems function the same in each case of workshop (on the principle of groupwork

· based on the product variety of networked material flow between the workshops

24. What are typical planning problems of Flow production lines?

· Determination of the number of stations and the cycle time, assigning operations to stations, buffer allocation => performance tuning, configuration and capacity planning

· Variety in production: Simultaneous determination of lot size and its production sequence => avoiding overlaps in the system allocation

· In mass production with customer related variants: determining the dispatching sequence => workload smoothing

25. What is the cooperation level - η_K

The arithmetic average is the average number of collaborations with other objects of an object within manufacturing section under consideration

With the aid of the determined cooperation level and a dependencies between ηK and the number of objects z observed in the manufacturing section reflect the functional behavior it is possible to predetermine the best spatial structure type

η_K = ∑z_i / z

ηKaverage number of cooperative relationships of an object to other objects

zi number of cooperative relationships Object to other objects

z number of objects In the section Considered

26. What are the objectives of the cost-benefit analysis?

The cost-benefit analysis less determines the efficiency of a project, rather than effectiveness, the total project contribution to given targets. The overall target or the total benefit resulting from sum of individual targets.

27. For what is the procedure by Schwerdtfeger used and how are they doing this?

Is a graphical method for placement optimization of resources. It is by trying on a circular arrangement

· Arrangament of resouroes on circular

· Representation of relations by connecting lines

· Thickness of lines correspond to the importance

· Regroup to try to not more important connections run through the circle and are close together

28. How will the modified triangle method of Schmigalla applied?

· There is an optimized arrangement order for a group of determined objects to be placed in a manufacturing area and which are mutually coupled by transport links

· Objective function of optimization problem is to minimize the total transportation capacity

· The optimized arrangement order is iteratively determined under the assumption that the objects to each other have the maximum intensities transportation, and priority to the minimum possible distance to the corners of an equilateral triangle grid are to be arranged

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