Exercises. I. Use the following words and phrases in sentences of your own:

I. Use the following words and phrases in sentences of your own:

clutch, coupling, rigid coupling, disengaging clutch, coaxial, key, friction clutch, transmission train, axial clutch, rim clutch, jaw clutch, to engage, fixed clutch, eccentric clamp, suitable

II. Retell the text giving answers to the following questions:

1. What is the difference between a clutch and a coupling? 2. How are clutches subdivided? 3. What does a rigid coupling serve for? 4. What is a disengaging clutch applied for? 5. What is a friction clutch? 6. How are friction clutches classified? 7. What is the difference in application of the contact pressure in axial clutches and in radial clutches?

III. Choose synonymical groups out of the following list:

rigid, to connect, frequently, different, to engage, tendency, to join, various, hard, to gear, often, direction, rotation, transmission, revolution, transferring

IV. Choose antonymical groups out of the following list:

to divide, movable, to engage, external, to connect, immovable, to disconnect, to unlink, to stop, internal, to start, to combine

V. Underline the suffixes and prefixes and translate into Russian the following words:

engage, engagement, engaging, disengaging, disengagement; determination, predetermination; station, stationary; intensity, intensive; rigidly, rigidity

VI. Connect the following sentences using the absolute participle construction and translate them into Russian:

Example: A rigid coupling connects coaxial shafts.

Coaxial shafts are not disengaged in the process of operation.

A rigid coupling connecting coaxial shafts, they are not disengaged in the process of operation.

1. The construction of some new clutches has already been completed. We ordered some of them. 2. Numerous experiments have been carried out. The design of the new jaw clutches was approved. 3. The clutches used in lathes are subdivided into several types. The friction clutches are subdivided into two groups. 4. A spring presses out the wheel from the disc. By turning the eccentric clamp, the cone clutch is disengaged. 5. Clutch constructions are based on the positive-action and friction principles. Couplings are made in two main types: rigid and flexible.

VII. Translate the following sentences into English using the absolute participle construction:

Example: Когда расстояние между валами ограничено, используются многодисковые муфты.

The distance between shafts being limited, multi-disc clutches are used.

1. Так как некоторые валы имеют небольшое отклонение от соосности, применяется упругое соединение. 2. Схематическое устройство конусной фрикционной муфты показано на рис. 46; конический диск может при

перемещении подвижного колеса входить во внутренний конус. 3. Когда кулачковая муфта включена влево, вращение от ведущего вала передается ведомому валу через колеса. 4. Если кулачковую муфту включить вправо, то вращение передается ведомому валу через зубчатые колеса. 5. Так как кулачки легко повреждаются, кулачковые муфты переключаются только при остановленном станке.

VIII. Translate the following sentences into Russian observing different meanings of the word "part":

1. The part of the work was completed in time. 2. The second part of London's complete works has been published. 3. This part of the machine was worn due to bad lubrication. 4. They part when he goes to sea. 5. They took part in a discussion on the manufacture of new clutches.

IX. Translate the following text in written form using a dictionary:

The multi-disc clutch is usually equipped with automatic cone brake. Moving the clutch control handle to the left compresses the clutch driving discs to set the lathe driving shaft in motion. To disengage the clutch, the clutch control handle should be moved to the right. The clutch driving discs then automatically separate and the brake takes hold to stop the lathe driving shaft with a smooth, quick stop, holding it rigid for ease in locking work in chuck or other operations requiring a fixed spindle. When necessary to turn the spindle by hand, it may be entirely disconnected from the driving shaft by throwing the lathe's regular gearshift handles into their neutral position¹. The speed with which the brake will stop the lathe is affected by weight of the workpiece that is in the lathe.

¹. throwing... into neutral position - переключением... их в нейтральное положение

X. Using the following words and word combinations describe the clutches in Figs 45 and 46:

a rigid coupling, to be represented, Fig. 46, to consist, a solid bushing, to connect, electric motor, lathe shafts, a key, axial clutches, to be subdivided, cone clutches, disc clutches, to be shown, the cone disc of the cone clutch, to be connected, the toothed wheel, to engage the cone, to be located, the movable wheel, friction necessary, to transmit rotary motion, to be created, the two cones, to be meshed, an eccentric clamp, the friction clutch, to be disengaged, the eccentric clamp, to be turned to 90°, a spring, to press out, friction disc

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