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9.2. Switch on your imagination. Complete the sentences:
1. The worst thing for me is…
2. What I love most is…
3. The best thing for me is…
4. What I hate most…
9.3. Let’s talk a bit. Ask questions to your partner and answer his/her:
1. Why is concrete more fit for foundation?
2. What floor covering is the best?
3. What colour should bedroom walls be? (kitchen walls, living-room walls)
4. What should a chimney be made of?
5. Why is it nice to have a mantelpiece?
6. What timber is considered to be the best for the window frames?
7. What professionals does a construction team need?
9.4 «A FOREIGN COUNTRY».
Read and translate the sentences. Where are these places?
1. The Twelve Apostles are high rocks in the sea area of the continent.
2. Canberra is more than seventy years old.
3. There are embassies, parks, cycling and walking tracks, and lakes in many parts
of Canberra.
4. Opera House with its striking architecture is the symbol of the city together
with the bridge across the natural harbour.
Use the following phrases properly in your own topic «Australia»: aborigines, Sydney, capital, Canberra, Melbourne, Queensland, Brisbane, Perth, monsoon, captain James Cook, antithesis, northern hemisphere, southern hemisphere, the Victorian Alps, New South Wales, an Aussie, Great Barrier Reef, Ayers Rock, the Twelve Apostles, the Tasmanian Sea, the Coral Sea, the Arafura Sea, the Timor Sea, marsupial, emu, cockatoo, wallaby, wallaroo, platypus, echidna, possum, kangaroo, koala, dingo, wombat, eucalyptus, bushes, gum tree, the governor, the British links.
10. We continue enlarging your vocabulary. International words:
| ventilation [ֽventileiòn] hermetic [h¶'metik] stress [stres] mineral ['min¶r¶l] cylinder ['silind¶] elastic [i'læstik] subordination [s¶ֽbo:di'neiòn] | portion ['po:òn] compression [k¶m'preòn] mass [mæs] limit ['limit] block [blok] tank [tæŋk] skeleton ['skelitn] |
LET’S REVISE GRAMMAR
11. Translate the following words using Gerund:
a) into English:
изучение, тренировка, получение, увеличение, уменьшение, построение, написание, общение, предотвращение, создание.
b) into Russian:
writing-table, computing machine, drawing-table, measuring devices, building materials, dining-room, reading-room, looking-glass, adding machine.
12. Translate the sentences paying attention to Gerund:
1. What I really like is finding out about different cultures.
2. The thing I love most is sightseeing.
3. The best thing for me is socializing with my friends.
4. Concrete is made by thoroughly mixing cement, sand and gravel.
5. All aggregates may be used for making concrete.
6. The steel will resist the tensile stress and thus assist in preventing the beam from breaking.
7. One can’t be healthy without giving up bad habits.
13. State the functions of gerunds in the following sentences and translate them into Russian:
1. Cutting stones and timbers became possible with the invention of tools.
2. By using industrial methods of construction the speed of construction may be considerably increased.
3. Erecting tall buildings without using building mechanisms is now unthinkable.
4. Methods of designing structures are changing.
5. Up-to-date building is based upon using industrial methods of work.
6. What other materials are used for facing the external walls of a building?
7. The new method is very efficient and besides it plays an important role in saving materials.
14. Translate the sentences into English using Gerund:
1. Вредно так много курить.
2. Эта статья трудная. Вы не можете перевести ее без использования словаря.
3. Она любила путешествовать по стране.
4. Недолго думая, он согласился с их предложением.
5. Вместо того чтобы реставрировать старый городской драмтеатр, они решили строить новый в центре города.
6. Ничто не могло помешать ему построить новый дом.
7. У тебя есть какая-нибудь трудность в решении этой проблемы?
8. Есть ли у них подходящий строительный материал?
9. Подрядчик отвечает за то, чтобы работа была выполнена вовремя.
Self-Study
cumulative Review Exercises
15. Translate the sentences into Russian:
1. The ancient Egyptians often erected their huge buildings without thinking of their usefulness.
2. A person can’t be successful without clear understanding of goals in his life.
3. It goes without saying.
4. The term “engineering” means the art of designing, construction or using engines.
5. I’m seriously thinking about buying a house for my family.
6. Reinforced concrete, which is made of a mesh of steel with concrete over it, can be grey and monotonous.
7. Architect continues to experiment with new materials and techniques.
8. Asbestos- cement sheets are thicker that usual and have a corrugated face.
9. The wind had fallen; the moon was shining over the quiet sea.
10. The bridge will not sustain heavy loads.
16. Read some additional information about building materials:
Metals: Aluminum, principally in the form of various alloys, is highly valued for its durability and especially for its light weight, while brass is frequently used for decorative purposes in facing.
Steel finds its use in corrugated sheets for roofing, for girders, frames etc. Various shapes are employed in construction.
Laminate is a strong material manufactured from many layers of paper or textile impregnated with thermosetting resins. This sandwich is then pressed and subjected to heat. Laminate has been developed for both inside and outside use. It resists severe weather conditions for more than ten years without serious deformation. As a structural material it is recommended for exterior work. Being used for surfacing, laminate gives the tough surface.
Foamed glass is a high-porosity heat insulating material, available in block made of fine-ground glass and a frothing agent.
Foamed glass is widely used in prefabricated house building, to ensure heat insulation of exterior wall panels, and in industrial construction.
Foamed glass has a high mechanical strength, is distinguished by moisture, vapor and gas impermeability. It is non-inflammable, offers resistance to frost, possesses a high sound adsorption, and it is easily sewn and nailed.
Structural foamed glass blocks designed to fill ceilings, and for making interior partitions in buildings and rooms, to ensure heat and sound insulation.
For insulation mineral wool or cinder wool is often resorted to.
TIME FOR FUN
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| However, timber is still employed as a building material in the form of boards. For the interior of buildings plywood and veneer serve a number of purposes. | | | It is interesting to know. |