Lesson 3. II.Reading exercises:

II.Reading exercises:

Exercise 2

1. An operating system is the software component of a computer system that is responsible for the management and coordination of activities and the sharing of the limited resources of the computer.

2. When you give the computer a command, the operating system relays the instructions to the 'brain' of the computer, called the microprocessor or CPU.

3. Users may interact with the operating system with some kind a software user interface (UI) like typing commands by using command line interface (CLI) or using a graphical user interface (GUI, commonly pronounced “gooey”).

4. For hand-held and desktop computers, the user interface is generally considered part of the operating system. On large multi-user systems like Unix and Unix-like systems, the user interface is generally implemented as an application program that runs outside the operating system.

5. Common contemporary operating systems include Microsoft Windows, Mac OS, Linux and Solaris. Microsoft Windows has a significant majority of market share in the desktop and notebook computer markets, while servers generally run on Linux or other Unix-like systems.

Exercise 3

1c, 2d, 3b, 4a.

Exercise 4

1. an embedded operating system 2.an application program.

III. Speaking exercises:

Exercise 1.

Operating system.

An operating system (commonly abbreviated OS and O/S) is the software component of a computer system that is responsible for the management and coordination of activities and the sharing of the limited resources of the computer.

Notebook

An extremely lightweight portable personal computer. Notebook computers typically weigh less than 6 pounds. Notebook computers use a variety of techniques, known as flat-panel technologies, to produce a lightweight and non-bulky display screen. Notebook computers come with battery packs that enable you to run them without plugging them in.

Storage device

Storage devices (floppy, hard or optical disks) provide a permanent storage of both data and programs.

Command line interface

Users may interact with the operating system with some kind of software user interface (UI) like typing commands by using command line interface (CLI).

Exercise 2.

1.What kind of computers use an operating system?

2.What do operating systems offer to application programs and users? 3. What is the first program loaded into memory when the computer is turned on? 4. Is the operating system the nucleus of all software activity?

IV. Writing exercises:

Exercise 1

An operating system, microprocessor, machine language, application, system calls.

Exercise 2

1c, 2d, 3a, 4b

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