A. Business Activities

Businesses can be classified by describing where they come in the production chain. Primary Activities. Most commodities or goods that we buy start their life as raw materials in the ground, the seas, and the fields. Converting these raw materials into useful products, either by manufacturing or processing, is called secondary activity. Distributing these goods to make it convenient for the consumer to buy they – transportation, wholesaling, retailing, direct mail – are tertiary activities.

11. Check up whether you know and remember the terms: бизнес; занятие, ремесло, профессия; коммерческое и промышленное предприятие; коммерческая деятельность; торговая политика, политика в области рыночного регулирования; клиент; экономика (предмет изучения); финансы, финансовое дело; бухучет; коммуникация.

Now add more ……………………………………………………………………………….

Grammar material: Present Continuous Tense, ‘to be’ +’ –ing’ (Present Participle)

Positive form	Negative form	Questions
I am (I’m) reading.   You are (you’re) reading.   He is (he’s) reading.   She is (she’s) reading.   It is (it’s) reading.   We are (we’re) reading.   You are (you’re)reading.   They are (they’re) reading.	I am not (I’m not) reading. You are not (you’re not/ aren’t) reading. He is not (he’s not/ he isn’t) reading. She is not (she’s not/isn’t) reading. It is not (it’s not/ isn’t) reading. We are not (we’re not /aren’t) reading. You are not (you’re not /aren’t) reading. They are not (they’re not /aren’t) reading.	Am I reading?   Are you reading?   Is he reading?   Is she reading?   Is it reading?   Arewe reading?   Are you reading?   Are they reading?

12. Write -ing form of these verbs.

come...	have...	run...	swim...
do... get... study...	help... love... try...	sell... smoke...	take... work...

13. Complete the sentences by using the verbs in brackets. Use the present indefinite or the present continuous.

1. Shh. The baby (sleep).... The baby (sleep)... for ten hours every night.

2. Right now I’m in class. I (sit)... at my desk. I usually (sit)... at the same desk every day.

3. Ali (speak)... Arabic. Arabic is his native language, but right now he (speak)... English.

4. Our teacher (not stand up)... right now. She (sit)... on the corner of her desk.

5. It’s 6:00 pm. Mary is at home. She (eat)... dinner. She always (eat)... dinner with her family around six o’clock.

6. Alice (not take)... the bus to school every day. She usually (walk)... instead.

7. It (not rain)... right now. The sun (shine)....

8. It’s 7:30 am and the Wilsons are in the kitchen. Mrs Wilson (sit)... at the breakfast table. She (read)... the newspaper every morning. Mr. Wilson (pour)... a cup of coffee. He (drink)... two cups of coffee every morning before he (go)... to work.

14. Complete this conversation with questions in the present continuous.

A: What time are you going to the party?

B: I’m going to the party at 8.

A: How...?

B: I’m going there by taxi.

A: Who...?

B: I’m going with Joe.

A: What...?

B: I’m wearing a sweater and jeans.

A: How long...?

B: I’m staying till 10.

A: Where...?

B: I’m going to a disco after the party. Do you want to come?

A: Sure!

Present Continuous and Going to for future

With present continuous	With going to + verb
- What are you doing after class?	- What are you going to do after class?
- I’m not doing much.	- I’m not going to do much.
- Are doing anything tonight?	- Are you going to do anything tonight?
- Yes, I’m going to a movie.	- Yes, I’m going to go to a movie.

15. Complete these conversations with the present continuous or going to.

A:... you... (do) anything after class?

B: Yes, I’m... (do) some shopping downtown. Would you like to come?

A: What... you... (do) tomorrow tonight?

B: Nothing much. Why?

A: Well, some of us... (take) the teacher out for coffee. Would you like to join us?

A: What... you... (do) on Saturday?

B: Well, I... (work) until four o’clock. Then, I... (go) to a party. What about you?

A: I’m... (go) away for the weekend.

UNINCORPORATED & INCORPORATED BUSINESSES

Grammar material: Past Indefinite Tense, Regular/Irregular Verbs.

The Verb to be in the Past Indefinite Tense

Positive form	Negative form	Questions
I was a student.   You were a student   He was a student.   She was a student.   It was a student.   We werestudents.   You werestudents.   They werestudents.	I was not (wasn’t) a student. You were not (weren’t) a student. He was not (wasn’t) a student. She was not (she wasn’t) a student. It was not (wasn’t) a student. We were not (weren’t)students. You were not (weren’t) students. They were not (weren’t) students.	Was I a student?   Were you a student?   Was he a student?   Was she a student?   Was it a student?   Werewe students?   Were you students?   Were they students?

Positive form	Negative form	Questions
I worked. You worked.   He / she / it worked.   We worked. You worked.   They worked.	I did not (didn’t) work. You did not (didn’t) work. He / she / it did not (didn’t) work. We did not (didn’t) work. You did not (didn’t) work. Theydid not (didn’t) work.	Did I work? Did you work? Did he/she/it work?   Did we work? Did you work? Did they work?

1. Fill in the blanks with the past tense of the verbs in brackets.

My friend in school... (be) Miguel. He and I... (be) in Mrs. Gilbert’s third grade class, and we... (become) friends then. We often... (drive) Mrs. Gilbert crazy, but I don’t think she ever really... (get) mad at us. For example, Miguel... (have) a pet rat named Curly. Sometimes he... (hide) it in Mrs. Gilbert’s desk. Later, when she... (open) the drawer, she always... (scream) and the class... (laugh). After two years, his family... (move) to another town. We... (write) to each other for a few years, but then we... (lose) contact. I often wonder what he’s doing now.

2. Write about your school days.

I grew up... (place).

I went to... (name of school) in... (place).

I graduated from... (name of school or university) in... (year).

My best subjects were....

My favorite teacher was....

In school I used to play... (sports, musical instruments).

On the weekends I often used to....

My hobbies were....

My best friend in high school was.... He/She....

3. Look at the answers in this job interview. What are the questions?

A: First, I want to ask you a few questions about your educational background. Where did you go to school?

B: In Florida.

A: Oh, really? And when...?

B: I graduated four years ago.

A: I see. What did...?

B: I majored in economics.

A: Oh? And did...?

B: No, I didn’t take French in college, but I took it in high school.

A: You did? Well, now, what about your work experience. What...?

B: After graduation I got a job in a bank?

A: Well, that’s very interesting.

4. Write questions for these responses.

A: How...?

B: Oh, my weekend was terrific, thanks.

A: What...?

B: Well, on Saturday I ran in the marathon. Guess what! I was the third!

A: Congratulations! And what...?

B: I didn’t do much on Sunday until evening. Then I went to see the new James Bond movie.

A: Did...?

B: Yes, I really enjoyed it. It’s worth seeing. Well, how about you?

A: It was terrible.

B: Really? What...?

A: Nothing much. That was the trouble!

5. Read the text and translate it using a dictionary. The following words and phrases are supposed to help you understand the text properly:

unincorporated – неакционерный;

legal – юридический;

incorporated – акционерный;

owner – владелец;

sole proprietor – единоличный собственник, владелец;

advantage – преимущество;

to coincide – совпадать;

to make decisions – принимать решения;

profit – прибыль.

TEXT 6: CLASSIFYING BUSINESS

Дата добавления: 2015-08-27