State Verbs

State verbs (Stative verbs) – это глаголы, которые обычно не используются во временах группы Continuous, потому что они описывают состояние, а не действие. Они включают в себя следующие глаголы:

• глаголы, которые выражают предпочтение, симпатию (likes) и неприязнь, предубеждение (dislikes): like, love, hate, dislike, enjoy, prefer, etc.

e.g. Cathy likes romantic films.

• глаголы восприятия, понимания, осознания (perception): believe, know, notice, remember, forget, recognise, understand, realise, seem, think, see(=understand),etc.

e.g. I don’t believe a word he’s saying.

• глаголы, показывающие чувства (senses): see, hear, feel, taste, look, smell, sound. Мы часто используем can и could с этими глаголами, по отношению к тому, что мы видим и слышим в момент речи.

e.g. The soup tastes delicious.

John must be in the attic. I can hear his footsteps.

• другие глаголы: be, contain, fit, include, matter, need, belong, cost, owe, mean, own, appear, want, have(=possess), weigh, wish, keep (continue), etc.

e.g. This book is mine. It belongs to me.

Иногда, некоторые глаголы состояния употребляются в формах времён группы Continuous, но значение изменяется.

1. I think she’s Italian. (=believe)

I’ m thinking about my holiday. (= am considering)

2. The soup tastes awful. (=has an awful flavour)

She’ s tasting the soup. (=is testing the flavour of)

3. I can see an aeroplane in the sky. (=percieve with my eyes)

I’ m seeing Jill tonight. (=am meeting)

4. Susan looks tired. (=appears)

Susan is looking at some photos. (=is studying)

5. The room smells of perfume. (=has the smell)

The cat is smelling its food. (=is sniffing)

6. This towel feels soft. (=has asoft texture)

Jill is feeling her son’s forehead. (=is touching)

7. He is selfish. (character- permanent state)

He is being selfish. (behaviour- temporary state)

8. He has a sports car. (possesses)

He is having lunch now. (= is eating - idiom)

9. I see what yiu mean. (=I understand)

You’ re seeing things. There’s no one in the house. (=you’re imagining)

10. She appears to be very upset. (=she seems)

My brother’s band is appearing at the Great Pallas. (=they’re peforming)

11. Those trousers fit you perfectly. (=they are the right size)

Sue is fitting new cupboards in the kitchen. (=she is putting)

Некоторые идиомы с have:

have breakfast/ lunch/ dinner;

have a bath/ shower/ swim/ party;

have a(n) accident/ experience/ dream

have a difficulty/ fun/ trouble, etc.

NOTE: a) I’ m enjoying this play a lot. (specific preferences)

but: I enjoy going to the theatre. (general preferences)

b) глаголы look, feel, hurt, ache могут использоваться во временах Simple и Continuous, не меняя значения предложения.

e.g. You look fabulous today. – You are looking fabulous today.

She feels sick. – She’ s feeling sick.

but: I usually feel tired in the morning. (not I’m usually feeling)

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Note: Мы не используем never … again с the present simple

e.g. I’ m never painting the house by myself again. (NOT: I never paint the house by myself again.)

EXERCISES

1. Put the following verbs into the correct line in the 3^rd person singular.

scratch, say, try, set, play, do, stop,miss, stay, fry, drive, fix, cry, freeze, teach, pray, crash, fly, type

+s ___________________________________________________________________________

ss, sh, ch, x, o + es ______________________________________________________________

vowel + y + s__________________________________________________________________

consonant + y = ies_____________________________________________________________

1. Add –ing to the following verbs and put them into the correct line.

draw, lie, dive, put, drink, run, tie write, type, throw, die, apply, cancel, sit

+ing__________________________________________________________________________

-ie = y + ing____________________________________________________________________

-e = ing_______________________________________________________________________

double consonant+ ing___________________________________________________________

1. Expand the following into sentences in order to make true statements with doesn’t or don’t where necessary.

1. water/ boil/at 100 C

Water boils at 100 C.

1. rice/ grow/ on trees

Rice doesn’t grow on trees.

1. chicks/ hatch/ from eggs
2. kangaroos/ live/ in Spain
3. plants/ need/ water to grow
4. rain/ fall/ from clouds
5. astronauts/ travel/ in submarines
6. cows/ lay/ eggs
7. pandas/ live/ in Italy
8. elephants/ eat/ meat
9. fish/ walk/ on land
10. the sun/ set/ in the east
11. bees/ give milk
12. caterpillars/ turn/ into butterflies
13. wool/ come/ from sheep

1. How is our world changing? Look at the prompts and make sentences using the present continuous.

e.g. More people are recycling rubbish nowadays.

1. more people/ recycle/ rubbish nowadays

2. the climate/ get/ warmer every year

3. more young people/ buy/ cars nowadays.

4. more wild animals/ become/ extinct these days

5. computers/ become/ faster every year

6. cities/ grow/ bigger every year

1. Read the following extracts and put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or present continuous. Then, say what use of these tenses each extract shows.

1. These days, it seems everything1) is changing (change). Cities 2)___________________ (become) bigger and busier every year, technology 3)__________________ (develop) faster than ever before, and scientists 4) __________________ (learn) more about the way things work.
2. Water 1)_______________ (boil) at 100 C and 2) ________________ (freeze) when the temperature 3) _________________ (drop) below 0 C. Salt water 4) ______________ (be) different, however.
3. This film 1) ________ (be) great! It 2) _____________(have) an all-star cast and the script 3) __________ (be) very funny. The action 4) _____________ (begin) when two young men 5) ________________ (try) to rob a bank…
4. ….Rogers 1) _______________ (kick) the ball and 2) ________________ (pass) it to Jones. Jones 3) ______________ (run) down the pitch. He 4) _______________ (pass) the ball to Smith who 5) ________________ (shoot) and 6) _____________(score)!

1. In pairs, ask and answer questions using the prompts below, as in the example.

SA: Do you often go to the cinema?

SB: Yes, I do. I usually go to the cinema at the weekend.

1. go to the cinema
2. buy magazines
3. watch quiz shows
4. listen to the radio
5. phone your friends
6. play computer games

1. Put the adverbs of frequency in the correct position.

1. A: Doyou often go to parties, Keith?

B: Yes, I go to parties at the weekend. (often)

1. A: Do you wear sports clothes at work?

B: No, I do. (never)

1. A: Jack is late again!

B: I know. He arrives on time. (never)

1. A: When do you go shopping?

B: I do my shopping on Fridays. (usually)

1. A: Does your boss often ask you to work overtime?

B: No, he does. (seldom)

1. A: You should listen to your parents’ advice. (always)

B: That’s exactly what I do.

1. Read about Celine’s daily routine and make sentences, as in the example. Then talk about your daily routine using adverbs of frequency.

S1: Celine usually wakes up at 7 in the morning.

S2: She always drives to work in the morning.

Morning

• usually wake up at 7
• always drive to work
• normally get to work by 9

Evening

• usually have dinner at 6
• often watch TV
• never go to bed before 11

S1: I always wake up at 7:30 in the morning.

S2: I usually go to university on foot in the morning.

1. Michael McIntosh is a politician. Read the text and put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or the present continuous.

Michael McIntosh 1) is (be) a very busy man. Every morning, he 2)___________ (leave) home at 8 o’clock, and 3) ______________ (go) to his office. He 4) __________________ _____(usually/ have) meetings until lunchtime, and in the afternoon, he 5)______________ _____ (often/ visit) the people of Madewell. He really 6) _______________ (enjoy) talking to people.

At the moment, he and his team 7) ______________ (organise) his election campaign. There are elections in June and he 8) _______________ (hope) to persuade lots of people to vote for him.

Next month, he 9) ________________(go) to London to meet the Prime Minister. They 10) _________________ (have) a meeting to discuss future plans for Madewell.

1. Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or the present continuous.

1. A: Do you know (you/ know) that man over there?

B: Actually, I do. He’s Muriel’s husband.

1. A: Are you doing anything tomorrow evening?

B: Yes. I _____________ (see) Jack at nine o’clock.

1. A: I ___________ (see) you’re feeling better.

B: Yes, I am, thank you.

1. A: What’s that noise?

B: The people next door_____________ (have) a party.

1. A: Graham ______________(have) a new computer.

B: I know. I’ve already seen it.

1. A: This dress_____________(not/fit) me any more.

B: Why don’t you buy anew one?

1. A: Your perfume ________________ (smell) nice. What is it?

B: It’s a new perfume called Sunshine.

1. A: What is Jane doing?

B: She ____________ (smell) the flowers in the garden.

1. A: What _________________(you/ look) at?

B: Some photos I took during my holidays. They aren’t very good, though.

1. A: You _________________ (look) very pretty today.

B: Thank you. I’ve just had my haircut.

1. A: I ____________ (think) we’re being followed.

B: Don’t be silly! It’s just your imagination.

1. A: Is anything wrong?

B: No. I ______________________ (just/think) about the party tonight.

1. A: This fabric _________________ (feel) like silk.

B: It is silk, and it was very expensive.

1. A: What are you doing?

B: I _____________ (feel) the radiator to see if it’s getting warm.

1. A: She ____________(be) generous, isn’t she?

B: Yes, she has never been a mean person.

1. A: He ____________ (be) very quiet today, isn’t he?

B: Yes, I think he has some problems.

1. A: Would you like some cherries?

B: Yes, please. I __________ (love) cherries. They’re my favourite fruit.

1. A: I’m sorry, but I _________________ (not understand) what you mean.

B: Shall I explain it again?

1. A: The children are making lots of noise today.

B: I know, but they _________________ (have) fun.

1. A: This cake _________________ (taste) awful.

B: I think I forgot to put the sugar in it!

1. Fill in with Present Simple or Continuous, then explain the meaning of each verb.

1. This food _______________ (taste) delicious.
2. Mother _______________ (taste) the sauce to see if it needs more salt.
3. I ________________ (think) I’ll buy the black dress, not the red one.
4. She ________________ (think) of going to study abroad.
5. The Smiths _______________ (have) a cottage in the mountains.
6. Susan ______________ (have) dinner with her cousin Helen tonight.
7. After a short walk through the park, he always ___________ (feel) relaxed and cheerful.
8. I _________________ (feel) in my pocket for my keys.
9. Tom ______________ (see) the company director in a few minutes.
10. When I open my bedroom window every morning, I _____________ (see) the tall cypress tree in the garden.

1. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Simple or Present Continuous.

1. Stuart 1) ____________ (run) his own photography business. He really 2) ___________ ____(enjoy) his work as it is also his favourite pastime. Usually, he 3) _________(work) at his shop, where he 4) _______________ (sell) all kinds of photographic equipment. This afternoon, he 5) _______________ (take) photographs of his friend’s wedding. Next week, Stuart 6) _________________ (fly) to Australia to take some wildlife photographs.
2. Tracy is a stewardess. She 1) ______________ (wear) a uniform at work. On her days off, however, she 2) ________________ (dress) in a casually elegant way. She 3) ____________ (prefer) to wear designer jeans and pullovers with colourful scarves wrapped around her neck. But tomorrow she 4) _______________ (go) to a dinner party so she 5) ________________ (plan) to wear something more formal.

1. Identify the tenses in bold, then match them with the correct description.

1. He works in a TV studio.
2. Tom is always causing trouble at work.
3. She is working at a supermarket at present.
4. Fish live in the sea.
5. She is looking for a job as a nanny in Madrid.
6. The thief grabs the bag and disappears.
7. He usually leaves his office at 6.00 p.m.
8. She starts her new job on Monday.
9. We are attending a seminar on Monday.
10. The new company is growing steadily.

1. temporary situation
2. permanent state
3. fixed arrangements in the near future
4. dramatic narrative (reviews/ sport commentaries)
5. permanent truths or laws of nature
6. changing or developing situations
7. timetables/ programmes with future meaning
8. frequently repeated actions expressing annoyance
9. actions happening at or around the time of speaking
10. repeated/ habitual actions

1. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Simple or Present Continuous.

1. Dave _____________ (live) in Glasgow and ________________ (work) for an advertising company. He _______________ (have) a good job and ______________ (earn) a lot of money. He ________________ (meet) many people every day and _______________ (lead) a busy life. The company ________________ (expand) rapidly and today he ___________ (see) a new client.
2. John and Anna ________________ (fly) to Paris on Monday for a holiday. Their flight _______________ (take off) at 7.10 in the morning and ___________ (arrive) in Paris at 8.10. Anna’s cousin _____________ (own) a house there, so they ___________ (stay) with him.
3. My neighbour _______________ (bang) on the walls of his flat when he ___________ (do) repairs. This week he ________________ (install) a new bath, and the noise _____________ (drive) me crazy. He ___________________ (not/ seem) to care about the way he ________________ (bother) other people.
4. Tom is an athlete. Every morning he ____________ (swim) ten laps in the pool and _____________ (lift) weights for an hour. This year he _____________ (train) harder because he ______________ (want) to compete in the next Olympic Games.

1. Answer the following questions using the Present Simple or Present Continuous.

1. What are your friends doing now?

e.g. Ann is probably working in her office.

1. How is the city you live is changing?
2. What are your plans for Monday?
3. Which of your friends’ habits bother you?
4. What do your friends usually do at the weekend?
5. What laws of nature can you think of?

1. Some stative verbs can be used in continuous forms but the meaning changes. Read the sentences below and match the verbs in bold with their meanings.

1. I see there is a problem in this department.
2. I’ m seeing my dentist tonight.
3. Mr Jones thinks we should advertise this product.
4. He is thinking of opening a branch in Denmark.
5. Ann Holmes has three houses.
6. We are having problems with the employee.
7. He looks as if he’s going to collapse.
8. They are looking at the figures of this month’s sales.

1. understand
2. believe
3. experience
4. review
5. consider
6. meet
7. own
8. seem

1. Put the verb into the correct form, present simple or present continuous.

1. Let’s go out. It isn’t raining (not/ rain) now.
2. Julia is very good at languages. She speaks (speak) four languages very well.
3. Hurry up! Everybody _________________(wait) for you.
4. “_____________________ (you/ listen) to the radio?” “No, you can turn it off.”
5. “_____________________ (you listen) to the radio every day?” “No, just occasionally.”
6. The River Nile _____________ (flow) into the Mediterranean.
7. The river ______________ (flow) very fast today – much faster than usual.
8. We usually _____________(grow) vegetables in our garden,but this year we _______________ (not/ grow) any.
9. A: How’s your English?

B: Not.bad. I think it ______________ (improve) slowly.

1. Rachel is in London at the moment. She _________________ (stay) at the Park Hotel. She always _______________ (stay) there when she is in London.
2. Can we stop walking soon? I _______________ (start) to feel tired.
3. A: Can you drive?

B: I ________________ (learn). My father _______________ (teach) me.

1. Normally I ________________ (finish) work at five,but this week I ____________ (work) until six to earn a little more money.
2. My parents ________________ (live) in Manchester. They were born there and have never lived anywhere else. Where __________________ (your parents/ live)?
3. Sonia _________________ (look) for a place to live. She ______________ (stay) with her sister until she finds somewhere.
4. A: What ____________________ (your brother/ do)?

B: He’s an architect, but he ______________ (not/ work) at the moment.

1. (at a party) I usually _______________ (enjoy) parties, but I _______________ (not/ enjoy) this one very much.

1. Finish B’s sentences. Use always –ing.

1. A: I’ve lost my pen again.

B: Not again! You’re always losing your pen.

1. A: The car has broken down again.

B: That car is useless. It ______________________________________________.

1. A: Look! You’ve made the same mistake again.

B: Oh no, not again! I ________________________________________________.

1. A: Oh, I’ve forgotten my glasses again.

B: Typical! ________________________________________________________.

1. Are the underlined verbs right or wrong? Correct them where necessary.

1. Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius. OK
2. The water boils. Can you turn it off? is boiling
3. Look! That man tries to open the door of your car. ___________________________
4. Can you hear those people? What do they talk about?_________________________
5. The moon goes round the earth in about 27 days. ____________________________
6. I must go now. It gets late.______________________________________________
7. I usually go to work by car. _____________________________________________
8. “Hurry up! It’s time to leave.” “OK, I come. ”_______________________________
9. I hear you’ve got a new job. How do you get on? ____________________________
10. Paul is never late. He’ s always getting to work on time. _______________________
11. They don’t get on well. They’ re always arguing. _____________________________

1. Use the words in brackets to make sentences.

1. (you/ not/ seem/ very happy today) You don’t seem very happy today
2. (what/ you/ do?) _____________________________________________

Be quiet! (I /think) ___________________________________________

1. (who/ this umbrella/ belong to?)__________________________________

I have no idea.

1. (the dinner/ smell/ good) _______________________________________
2. Excuse me, (anybody/ sit/ there?) _________________________________

No, it’s free.

1. (these gloves/ not/ fit/ me)_______________________________________

They’re too small.

21. Put the verb into the correct form, present simple or present continuous.

1. Are you hungry? Do you want (you/ want) something to eat?
2. Nicky ______________ (think) of giving up her job.
3. Don’t put the dictionary away. I ______________(use) it.
4. Don’t put the dictionary away. I ______________ (need) it.
5. (you/ believe) ___________________ in God?
6. I _______________ (feel) hungry. Is there anything to eat?
7. Who is that man? What ______________________ (he/ want)?
8. Who is that man? Why ______________________ (he/look) at us?
9. Alan says he’s 80 years old, but nobody _____________ (believe) him.
10. She told me her name, but I _____________________ (not/ remember) it now.
11. I __________________ (think) of selling my car. Would you be interested in buying it?
12. I __________________ (think) you should sell your car. You _____________ (not/ use) it very often.
13. Air _________________ (consist) mainly of nitrogen and oxygen.
14. I can’t understand why he _______________ (be) so selfish. He isn’t usually like that.
15. He never thinks about other people. He _________ (be) very selfish.
16. Kate wants to work in Italy, so she _________________(learn) Italian.
17. The population of the world _________________ (increase) very fast.
18. Every day the population of the world _______________ (increase) by about 200,000 people.
19. Excuse me, ______________ (you/ speak) English? – Yes, a bit.
20. Listen to those people. What language __________________ (they/ speak)?
21. Let’s go out. It _______________ (not/ rain) now.
22. It ____________________ (not/ rain) very much in summer.
23. You _____________________ (always/ watch) television. You should do something more active.
24. The rate of unemployment ________________ (descrease) slowly.
25. No wonder the phone bills are so high! You _______________ (always/ talk) on the phone.
26. The black car ____________ (stop) in front of the bank and three suspicious looking men ________________ (get out) of it.
27. “Tim is never satisfied. He _____________________ (always/ complain).” – “ Yes, it’s annoying, isn’t it?”
28. Water ________________ (freeze) at 0 degrees Celcius.
29. We _________________ (go) to the opera next Saturday.
30. The hole in the ozone layer _________________ (become) bigger and bigger.
31. Mammals _____________ (feed) their babies on milk.
32. “Michael _____________ (be) very quiet today. Is anything wrong?” – “No, I don’t think so.”
33. “ This skirt ______________ (not/ fit) me any more.” – “You must have gained some weight.”
34. “Mum, I saw a ghost last night!” – “Don’t be silly. You _____________ (just/ see) things.”
35. “ What’s that noise?” – “It _______________ (sound) like Jane playing her trumpet!”
36. I ______________________ (never go) go to that restaurant again! The food was horrible.
37. “ Where’s Ed?” – “He ________________ (change) the tyre on his car.”
38. The Greens _____________________ (play) golf with my parents this weekend.
39. “Could you give me a lift tomorrow morning?” – “I’m sorry but I _________________ (always/ use) public transport to get to work.”
40. “What do you know about snakes?” – “I know that they are reptiles and they _______ _______(lay) eggs.”
41. “I haven’t seen Bob for ages. How is he?” – “Oh, he ______________ (work) for an advertising company now.”
42. “Are you busy? I need some help.” – “No, I _______________ (not/ do) anything at the moment. I can help you.”
43. “Your hair _________________ (look) great today! Have you had it cut?” – “ Yes, I had it done yesterday.”
44. Every morning when I ________________(wake up) I ____________ (smell) fresh coffee coming from the kitchen.
45. “Would you like to go to the cinema on Sunday?” – “I’m sorry. I ______________ (visit) my grandparents this weekend.”
46. “ The Trio Dance Group ___________________ (appear) at the Odeon tonight.” – “Shall we go?”
47. Ela is Polish. She ________________ (come) from Warsaw.
48. John never ________________ (send) me emails or text messages.
49. Symbols _________________ (become) more and more common in advertising. Companies like Cola and McDonald’s _____________ (spend) a lot of money making sure that young people recognise their symbols.

22. Fill in the gaps below with the present simple or present continuous form of the verbs in the list, as in the example.

be (2), leave, seem, know, wait, write, fly, grow up, have, make, hope, need, work, attend, come back, look forward

Dear Marianne,

How 1) are you? I 2) ________________ to tell you our grat news.

As you 3) _______________, Brad 4) _________________ for an international media company. Well, he was offered the opportunity of a lifetime last week – to live and work in Madrid for two years. He 5) ___________________ tomorrow for sunny Spain to look for a flat for us. He 6) ________________ at noon so I 7)___________________ a long list of the things he 8) ________________ to consider before choosing a flat.

We 9) _________________ so many things to do when he 10) ________________. We 11) ____________________ Sally’s wedding in May and we have to pack all our things. I 12) ____________________ to it so much, I can hardly wait.

Jack and Katie 13) _____________________ fine. They 14) _________________ so quickly that it 15) ____________________ like only yesterday they were babies.

Well, the kids 16) __________________ for me to make their lunch so I’d better go. I 17) ____________________ you’re fine. We’ll see you at Sally’s wedding.

Love,

Fiona

23. Translate the sentences into English, paying attention to present simple and present continuous forms.

1. – Кто по профессии твой отец? – Он, вообще-то, психолог, но в данный момент он не работает. Ты же знаешь, что уровень безработицы растет всё больше и больше с каждым годом.

2. – Как ты себя чувствуешь? Сегодня ты выглядишь не важно. Что-то случилось?

- Ничего. Я обычно чувствую себя уставшим утром.

3. Я не понимаю, почему Джон ведет себя так эгоистично. Обычно он не такой.

4. – Ты идешь на вечеринку к Кристине сегодня вечером?

- Ну, я не знаю ещё. А ты? Я бы предпочёл остаться дома, если ты не против.

5. – Простите, в котором часу вылетает самолет до Пикина?

- Одну минуту, я посмотрю. Рейс 502 отправляется в 7:45.

6. По четвергам мы с друзьями обычно играем в теннис, но на этой неделе мы едем все вместе на пикник, чтобы провести целый день па свежем воздухе.

7. – Ты слышал, Кэри и Джон женятся 13 августа в соборе Святого Павла в полдень? Вот приглашение на свадебную церемонию!

- Так это правда!? Я должна позвонить маме немедленно.

8. - У твоих духов приятный аромат. Как они называются?- Спасибо. Это Envy Me от Gucci. Они стоят целое состояние.

9. – Чем заканчивается фильм? – Главный герой убегает из тюрьмы, забирает из банковского сейфа украденный миллион фунтов и улетает на Карибы, хотя полиция следует за ним по пятам! - Ух, ты! Этот фильм стоит посмотреть. Он действительно приключенческий и захватывающий!

10. Солнце восходит на востоке, заходит на западе. Луна вращается вокруг земли… или наоборот. Папа, помоги мне! Я снова все перепутал.

11. – Я бы хотел поговорить с мистером Бондом, пожалуйста. – Боюсь, в данный момент он не доступен. Он на важном совещании с агентами ФБР. Перезвоните позже!

12. К сожалению, у него нет собственного лимузина, поэтому каждое утро он просыпается очень рано и добирается на работу на общественном транспорте, чтобы быть в офисе вовремя. Возможно, очень скоро всё переменится, если он выиграет джекпот национальной лотереи!

13. – Как твой английский? Улучшается? Как ты думаешь? – Думаю, да. В следующем семестре я собираюсь учить китайский, как второй иностранный язык. – О, удачи! У тебя большое будущее.

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