Спишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму и залог.

1) The Federal Reserve Board, an independent government agency, was established in 1913 to help stabilize and coordinate the nation’s commercial banks.

2) The more goods they make or trade, the more goods people will have.

3) Over several years, the colonists had become increasingly dissatisfied with Great Britain’s rule over the colonies.

4. Образуйте три степени сравнения от следующих прилагательных: bad, various, small, active.

5. Поставьте вопросы к выделенным словам.

1) The use of money makes possible a great extension of the principle of specialization.

2) Economists had studied and discussed the ideas of Karl Marx for over sixty years before Russians put them into life.

3) Basic problems of economics are of great importance to every economist.

6.Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на перевод существительного в качестве определения к другому существительному.

1) As soon as England went off gold in 1931 her commodity price level ceased to fall.

2) Inflation is accompanied through the government budget and through credit and money controls.

3) Assessors, developers, experts in mortgage crediting and other specialists are now working in domestic real estate market.

7. Переведите текст на русский язык.

Macroeconomics.

1.The world macroeconomics means economics in the large. The macroeconomist’s concerns are with such global questions as total production, total employment, the rate of change of overall prices, the rate of economic growth, and so on. The questions asked by the macroeconomist are in terms of broad aggregates – what determines the spending of all consumers as opposed to the microeconomic question of how the spending decisions of individual house-holds are made; what determines the capital spending of all firms combined as opposed to the decision to build a new factory by a single firm; what determines total unemployment in the economy as opposed to why there have been layoffs in a specific industry.

2. Macroeconomists measure overall economic activity; analyze the determinants of such activity by the use of macroeconomic theory: forecast future economic activity; and attempt to formulate policy responses designed to reconcile forecasts with target values of production, employment and prices.

3. An important task of macroeconomics is to develop ways of aggregating the values of the economic activities of individuals and firms into meaningful totals. To this end such concepts as gross domestic product(G D P), national income, personal income, and personal disposable income have been developed.

4. Macroeconomics is concerned with such major policy issues as the attainment and maintenance of full employment and price stability. Considerable effort must first be expended to determine what goals could be achieved. Experience teaches that it would not be possible to eliminate inflation entirely without inducing a major recession combined with high unemployment. Similarly, an overambitious employment target would produce labour shortages and wage inflation.

8. Ответьте на вопросы.

1. What does the world macroeconomics mean?

2. What are the concerns of the macroeconomist?

3. What is the difference between the questions asked by macroeconomists and microeconomics?

4. What is, according to the text, the important task of macroeconomics?

5. What are the concepts of macroeconomics?

6. What is said about the correlation between the inflation and unemployment?

ВАРИАНТ 4

ЗАДАНИЯ:

1. Определите функции (-е)s (образец выполнения см. вариант 1)

1) A socialist economic system depends on government planning and public ownership of the means of production.

2) There is a limit to a country’s productive capacity because the available supply of land, factories, machines, labour is limited.

3) Traders can make tentative agreements with each other.

2. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на перевод конструкции there is/there are (was/were).

1) There are variety of indexes that measure market activity broadly.

2) There can be little doubt that if the Labour Party is returned to power there will be a further development of the role of the management of industrial firms as public administrators.

3) Steel was not a monopoly because there was no “unreasonable” restraint of trade.

3. Спишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму и залог.

1) Today, the American economic system is far different from that of the 19-th century.

2) Well-qualified bank-managers will be empowered to turn those assets into performing assets through restructuring or liquidation.

3) Advertising plays a very important part in modern merchandising.

4. Образуйте три степени сравнения от следующих прилагательных:

great, expensive, cheap, possible.

5. Поставьте вопросы к выделенным словам.

1) The government regulates and controls private enterprise in many ways.

2) Some firms produced capital goods for sale to other firms.

3) Farm machinery has grown larger and more complex.

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