The Syntactical Functions of Participle II

Functions	Indicators	Patterns
Predicative	After the link verbs: to be, to seem, to look, to remain, to grow, to turn, etc.	My question to him remained unanswered. We were very shocked when we heard the news.
Attribute		Some roads were blocked by fallen trees. The story told by the man fascinated me.
Part of a complex object	a) after the verbs denoting sense perception: to see, to hear, to feel, to find, etc. b) after the verbs denoting wish: to desire, to want, to wish, etc. c) after the verbs: to have, to get, to make.	He always found himself surrounded by admiring readers. We have never heard his opera sung in Italian. I want it done by tomorrow. Jill has her roof repaired. You must make your news known.
Adverbial modifier of time	Usually after conjunction when	When given a dictionary he translated the article at once.
Adverbial modifier of condition	After if, when	If insisted I will gladly come to your house. When seen in this light, the matter doesn’t seem so serious.
Adverbial modifier of comparison	After as if, as though	He stood as though struck by my words.
Adverbial modifier of concession	After though	Though impressed by the news, he didn’t show it.

Constructions with the Participle

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