П.Ф. Горбачов, д-р техн. н., професор,

Р. Г. Маковєй, викладач

Харківський національний автомобільно-дорожній університет

Анотація. В статті розглянуто закономірності функціонування, та визначено методи моделювання маршрутної системи Дергачівського району.

Ключові слова: пасажирський транспорт, маршрутна мережа, модель,програмний продукт PTVVISIONVISUM.

Introduction. Transportation is an important component of the economy of the state, without the qualitative functioning of which there’s impossible the following economic development of our society. Passenger transport complex is one of the most important sectors of the transport system, which is of great socio-economic importance because of its important role in the livelihood of the international community. The scope of transport services should operate in such a way as to satisfy the needs of the population with possibly low costs.

Background. Analysis of the literature showed that in the process of changing the socio-economic conditions in relations between the market participants of suburban passenger traffic in the country there has occurred substantial controversy, which led to a systemic crisis of passenger transport. With this in view, the modern urban bus transportation of Ukraine can becharacterized by spontaneity and uncontrollability of empiricism in practice. Overcoming of negative trends presupposes the development of organization and management of urban passenger transportation that would meet the market requirements.

The main problem of suburban passenger traffic is to improve the transportation process and improve the quality of passenger service. A small proportion of traffic on long-haul routes are determined by the speed of commuter buses traffic that is not high enough, and the services offered to passengers do not meet the needs.

Thus, the theme of the work, which is aimed at modeling the routing system of Dergachi area, and subsequently the development of a sustainable alternative of the route network, is considered important.

The objective of the given work is to optimize the transport process of passenger traffic of Dergachi area.

To achieve this goal there were set the following tasks:

- Characterization of the route network;

- Modeling of the routing system;

- Determine the effect of parameters of routes and bus traffic on the efficiency of public conveyance.

Statement of the main material. The object of research is the process of transportation of residents of Dergachi area by fixed route bus transport.

The total area of Dergachi area occupies 2.9 % of Kharkiv region and is 900.1 km2, the total length of public roads in the given area is 235 km, including 190 km of paved roads (81 %). In addition, it is located at the distance of 12 km from the regional center of Kharkiv area [1].

The configuration of the route network is determined by the distribution of lines passenger transport routes lines on the city transport scheme [2], currently, the route network of Dergachi area consists of 20 routes, and 110 stopping points that are shown in Fig. 1.

The feature of the route network of Dergachi area is that 18 of the 20 routes pass through Kharkiv, that is, passenger transportation within Dergachi area is virtually not available, the main bulk of all the routes that serve passengers accounts for suburban area.

Fig. 1. Area route network Dergachi

To create a model of Dergachi District route system it is necessary to use modern methods of transport modeling based on computer programs.

In modern science there are the following modeling techniques:

- Mathematical modeling:

a) statistical;

b) analytical;

- Simulation.

Since all the methods of mathematical modeling are different by the fact that the method of models application and their study is the formal and logical apparatus of mathematics. Hence, the most important advantage is the possibility of quantitative analysis of models using modern mathematical methods. An important advantage of the mathematical models is the universal language of mathematics, the use of one and the same model for the study of various systems. Using mathematical models one can get results that do not refer to a single specific implementation that meets the remarkable initial data and fixed values ​​of the system parameters under study and many possible behaviors of the system. A mathematical model of the object should allow calculating the value of the efficiency criterion depending on the values ​​of the characteristics of the active elements of the system. For each dependency in the model there should be specified the conditions of its application. Each dependency in a given model is based on assumptions.

Among the methods of applied system analysis simulation is the most powerful tool for the study of complex systems, the management of which is associated with decision-making under uncertainty. Compared with other methods such modeling allows us to consider a large number of alternatives to improve the quality of management decisions more accurately and predict their consequences. The goal of simulation modeling is to help researchers understand more deeply still poorly defined processes developed by a working model, its implementation and interpretation of simulation results. It allows the user to experiment with systems (existing or implied) in cases when it is impossible to do it on site (route system) or when it is not expedient.

The transport process is a very complex procedure. It is hardly possible to simulate it using the methods of physical modeling, because in view of the recommendations specified in the scientific literature available to optimize the route network one has to apply the methods of mathematic modeling.

Knowing the characteristics of the traffic network of Dergachi area of Kharkiv region, and the possibility of PTV VISION VISUM commercial project, which is available at KNAHU, allows to build a model with the following restrictions: 30 districts, 1,500 segments, 500 nodes and 100 routes, we have the ability to simulate the objects of research using PTV VISION VISUM program.

Conclusions. The analysis of existing modeling techniques and the survey of the route network showed that the use of mathematical methods for modeling of the transport process is most suitable for a wide range of issues related to different modes of transport.

It has also been established that in order to solve this problem it is advisable to use the VISUM software product, which is developed by the PTV VISION company (Germany), which allows to model the transport system as well as to optimize the transport process. On the basis of the given product the problem concerning the efficiency of the route network of Dergachi area can be solved.

References

1. Information portal http://dergachirda.gov.ua/

2Ларин О.Н. Организация пассажирских перевозок. – Челябинск: Издательство ЮУрГУ, 2005. – 104 с.

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