Theoretical Comment.

The notion of a predicative line; the simple sentence as a monopredicative construction. Predication Vs predicativity. Mood and modality. Ways of expressing modality. The problem of sentence completeness: complete and incomplete (elliptical) sentences. One-member and two-member sentences; their correlation with complete and elliptical sentences. Grammatical organization of nominal and verbal sentences; their semantic-stylistic peculiarities. Communicative types of sentences. The controversial status of exclamatory sentences.

Practice.

1. Pick out the grammatical categories relevant for expressing predicativity:

order

mood

voice

aspect

tense

number

person

2. Choose the terms out of those listed below which classify sentences: a) according to the purpose of communication; b) according to their structure. Suggest equivalent terms in Ukrainian.

declarative	interrogative	one-member	exclamatory
composite	two-member	imperative	simple

3. Pick out two-member elliptical sentences out of the underlined. Analyse their grammatical structure:

1) What are you thinking of? – My childhood. 2) My childhood! The best time of my life!

3) A wonderful warm night, gracious and inviting! 4) What kind of night was it? - A wonderful warm night, gracious and inviting! 5) You were looking the very piece of beauty that day! 6) That piece of beauty! How well he remembered it. 7) “How on earth did she do a thing like that?” “ Does it for fun. Always doing it ” (A. Christie). 8) Why not go there? 9) I will not help her. - Why not?

4. Analyse the following sentences. Pick out one-member nominal sentences and identify their modal meaning:

1) Waves. Small sounds of soft complaint. Cedars. Deep-blue sky. He was suddenly aware of a faint but all-penetrating sense of loss (Fitzgerald).

2) Scene 1. A room in Harley Street furnished as the Superintendent’s office in a Nursing Home (A. Christie).

3) Fog everywhere. Fog up the river, where it flows among…medows: fog down the river, where it rolls defiled among the tiers of shipping… Fog in the eyes and throats of ancient Greenwich pensioners… (Ch. Dickens).

4) What if she made him a confession? (J. Galsworthy).

5) No word from her. No change in her. Her eyes upon him. (Ch. Dickens).

6) “Order! Order!” Grenkin shouted (A. Cronin).

7) “Silence in the court!” (Ch. Dickens).

8) Day and night again. The monotony was unbroken. (Ch. Dickens).

9) Rest-peace. Let a poor fellow rest. (J. Galsworthy).

5. Comment on the grammatical organization and modal meanings of the infinitival sentences given below:

1) You to marry without beauty! You to marry without dignity! You to marry without connection! (Ch. Dickens).

2) To think that all that should come to this. (Th. Dreiser).

3) No! To have his friendship, his admiration but not at that price. (J. Galsworthy).

4) She to fall on her knees on the stones. (O. Jespersen).

5) That kind and harmless old man – to be so insulted! (J. Galsworthy).

6) Lives drifted down! Death! To decide about death! And no one to give him a hand. (J. Galsworthy).

Literature:

1. Алєксєєва І. О. Курс теоретичної граматики сучасної англійської мови: навчальний посібник. – Вінниця: Нова Книга. 2007. – С. 234-247.

2. Иванова И.П., Бурлакова В.В.. Почепцов Г.Г. Теоретическая грамматика английского языка. – М.: Высш. шк., 1981. – С. 164-183.

3. Blokh M.I. A Course of Theoretical English Grammar. – M.: Vyssaja Skola, 1983. – P. 229-236, 243-261.

4. Khaimovich B.S., Rogovskaya B.I. A Course in English Grammar. – M.: Vyssaja Skola, 1967. – P. 220-233.

5. Rayevska N.M. Modern English Grammar. – Kyiv: Vysca Skola Publishers, 1976. – P. 208-217.

SEMINAR 4

The Simple Sentence: Constituent Structure

Дата добавления: 2015-11-14