The ATTRIBUTE

The attribute can be expressed by different parts of speech,

1. adjectives, e.g. Sandra was a beautifu l girl.

1. pronouns, e.g.
• Dan showed me his photos. (possessive pronoun)
• Give me some apples, please. (indefinite pronoun)
• There was another piece of cake on her plate. (detaching pronoun)
2. numerals, e.g.

· I’ll come back in three weeks.(cardinal)

· Wednesday is the third day of the week. (ordinal)

1. nouns,

· in common case, e.g. It was a nice spring day.

· in possessive case, e.g. Ann’s new flat is great!

1. participles,

· Do you happen to know that laughing girl? (participle I)

· Can you see those lighted windows on the third floor? (participle II)

1. gerunds and gerundial phrases, e.g. Is there any chance of seeing you again?
2. infinitives or infinitive phrases, e.g. Jack was the first to come. I have no time to waste.
3. adverbs, e.g. The voice was heard from the room upstairs.

9. quotations, e.g. Tina had a good-for-nothing cousin.

10. attributive clauses, e.g. That was the man I had never seen before.

TASK 21. Find attributes in the sentences given below and match them with the parts of speech they are expressed by.

1. We sat down on the pine-needled sand. a) a pronoun
2. Here’s some money for you. b) an adjective
3. Can you see those girls? c) an attributive clause
4. There is nobody in the downstairs room. d) a numeral
5. There is a problem for you to solve. e) a participle I
6. They listened to the singing girl. f) a participle II
7. Give me three roses. g) a quotation
8. The though of being caught terrified her. h) an infinitive phrase
9. James has a carrot of a nose. i) a gerund
10. It’s not Dr. Philip’s decision. j) a gerundial phrase
11. There is nothing of interest this morning. k) a noun
12. It happened on a cold December evening. l) an adverb

13. This is the man I saw yesterday’s son. m) a noun in the possessive case

1. This is the house that Jack built.
2. John had a you-take-us-as-you-find-us attitude.

THE APPOSITION

The apposition is a kind of an attribute that explains or gives another name or definition to the noun it modifies. It can be of two kinds:

Apposition

Close Loose (detached)

(titles, military ranks, professions, e.g. Her father, the local doctor,

geographical names, relations, etc) knows everybody around.

e.g. Uncle Tom, The River Thames,

Professor Foster, Sir Percival, etc.

**TASK 22. Sort out the sentences below according tothe type of the apposition.

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