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Mood is a grammatical category which indicates an attitude of the speaker to the action expressed by the verb (predicate) from the point of view of its reality.

ТО BE ABLE TO | ТО BE ALLOWED TO | TO HAVE TO — ТО BE TO | INDIRECT (Reported) SPEECH (Непряма мова) | Indirect orders and requests | Indirect statements are generally introduced by the verbs to say, to tell, to announce and in official style by the verb to inform. | Make up Conditional sentences of all types. |


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In Modern English we distinguish three moods;

The Indicative Mood.

The Imperative Mood.

The Subjunctive Mood.

THE INDICATIVE MOOD

The Indicative Mood shows that the action or state expressed by the verb is presented as a fact.

We went home early in the evening. (Dickens)

The Indicative Mood is also used to express a real condition, i. e. a condition the realization of which is considered possible.

If it rains, I shall stay at home.

If Catherine disobeys us, we shall disinherit her. (Eliot)

THE IMPERATIVE MOOD

The Imperative Mood expresses an order, a command or a request. In Modern English the Imperative Mood has affirmative (1) negative (2) and impelling (3).

(1) Open the books

(2) Don’t open the books

(3) Let’s open the books

Impelling form consists of the verb let and a Noun in the Common case or a Pronoun the Objective case (me, you, him, her, us, them)

 

TEST YOURSELF

1. What is Mood?

2. What moods do we distinguish in Modern English?

3. What does the Indicative Mood show?

4. What does the Imperative Mood show?

5. What are the forms of the Imperative Mood? How do we make them?

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Word order in an indirect question is the same as in a statement. An indirect general question is introduced by the conjunction if or whether.| USE OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD
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