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A Answer these questions.
1 What type of government operates in Britain?
2 Why aren’t the branches of the British political system entirely separate?
3 What does each branch consist of?
4 Why was it necessary to adopt the principle of separation of powers?
5 What are three main functions of the state?
6 Why are the legislature and executive interdependent in Britain?
7 Are the judges separate in Britain?
B Mark these statements T (true) or F (false) according to the information in the text.
1 The branches of the British government are entirely separate.
2 The principle of separation of powers existed from time immemorial.
3 The balance between separate institutions carrying out different functions is necessary.
4 The legislative, the executive and the judicial powers in Britain are separated.
5 The executive government includes ministers and judges.
6 The House of Commons and the government are interdependent.
7 The Queen can dismiss the highest judges after the legislature’s demand.
8 The judges in Britain are as independent as in the USA.
Language focus
Complete these sentences with the comparative or superlative forms of adjectives in brackets.
1 It is not easy to give a comprehensive description of the term “government”. Still _______ (difficult) is to understand the structure and operation of the whole machinery of the executive government.
2 There are no _______ (little) than two major British institutions that are involved in the executive process.
3 The French political philosopher Montesquieu developed _______ (important) principle of the formation of any government.
4 The _______ (high) judges are members of the House of Lords.
5 The independence of judges in Britain is _______ (little) important than it is in the USA.
6 One can’t say which of the three branches is _______ (powerful) in Britain.
Vocabulary tasks
A Match the following English expressions with their Russian equivalents.
| overpowerful government | a | применение закона | |
| separation of powers | b | решать разногласия | |
| application of law | c | правительство, обладающее чрезмерной властью | |
| execute the law | d | потерять доверие | |
| decide disputes | e | оказаться перед угрозой перевыборов | |
| govern the country | f | разделение властей | |
| lose the confidence | g | управлять страной | |
| face re-election | h | исполнять закон |
B The word GOVERNMENT has the following meanings in Russian:
Государственная власть
executive government – исполнительная власть
judicial government – судебная власть
legislative government – законодательная власть
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