Describing a process

Firstly/First of all…… Following that……..

After that………….. Finally………….

The next step/stage is……….. The final step……….

Then………

3.2 This is a diagram of a coal-fired plant. Complete the gaps using words from the box.

coal crusher * coal storage area * condenser * stack * transformer * turbine

Functional diagram of power plant process

Put the sentences in the correct order to describe the process of power generation at a fossil fuel power plant.

a) The turbine generator changers heat energy into electric energy.

b) Boilers provide steam.

c) Large fans provide air for the furnaces.

d) Feed pumps supply water.

e) Steam is condensed.

f) The flue gases are cleaned from the dust.

g) The steam drives the turbine.

h) Boilers are heated by furnaces.

i) The turbine turns the rotor or revolving part of the generator.

j) One of three chief fuels – coal, oil or natural gas – is burnt in the furnace.

Describe the power plant process in your own words.

3.3 Speak about the principle of work of an electronic metal detector of the pulse induction type. Use the exercises after the text (Part II) to help you.

WRITING

4.1 A week ago you visited a NPP (Nuclear Power Plant) or Fossil fuel-fired power plant. Your boss asked you to write a report. Look at the form below and fill in the missing information

To: Mr. Black From: Subject: Date:   Introduction Having visited (what?) ……… (when?) ………, I found out what parts it consisted of and the functions they were used for. My findings are presented below.   Parts of the power station The main functional parts of (what?) ……….. are ………………   Functions of the parts ………….. is used for (Ving) ………………./ is used to (V) ……………….   Conclusion In conclusion, I can say that the station I have visited is quite modern and meets all the technological requirements.

4.2 Think of any electrically operated device and describe the principles of its work.

Unit III

SAFETY

Part I. Rules and warnings.

LISTENING

Listen and complete the warnings with the words given below

don’t might must mustn’t

1. You __________ wear a hard hat on the building site.

2. ________ go through that door.

3. You _________ wear safety gloves everywhere in the factory.

4. _________ touch that machine! It’s very hot.

5. Be careful! High-voltage electricity. You _________ get an electric shock.

6. You _________ use your mobile phone

Grammar Focus Modals Must to express obligation You must wear a hard hat. Should or recommendation You should wear protective clothing. Mustn’t to express prohibition You mustn’t use your mobile phone.

Might to explain the possible You might get an electric shock.

Could result of the hazard You could burn your arm.

READING

2.1 Study the vocabulary

1. safety [ seɪfɪtɪ] - безопасность

safety boots/ safety helmet/ safety gloves/ safety goggles [gɔglz] – очки

2. sign [saɪn] – знак, символ

3. to warn [wɔ׃n] – предупреждать, оповещать

warning sign

4. danger [ deɪnʤә] – угроза, опасность

5. hazard [ hæzәd] – угроза, опасность

6. to injure [ ɪnʤә] – ранить, повредить

7. triangular [traɪ æŋgjәlә] – треугольный

8. to prohibit [prә hɪbɪt] – запрещать

prohibition [prəʊ(h)ɪ bɪʃ(ə)n] sign

9. round [raʊnd] – круглый

10. to mandate [ mændeɪt] – разрешать, принуждать

mandatory sign

11. to order [ ɔ׃də] – приказывать

12. ISO – International Organization for Standardization – ИСО – Международная

организация по стандартизации

13. EU – European Union – ЕС – Европейский Союз

14. hook [hʊk] – крюк

15. guard [ga׃d] – защита

16. circular [ sɜ׃kjələ] saw [sɔ׃] – циркулярная пила

17. workshop [ wɜ׃kʃɔp] – мастерская, цех

18. to trap [træp] – захватывать

19. gear [gɪə] – устройство; зубчатая передача

20. to scratch [skræʧ] - царапать

2.2 Read the text and match the examples to the signs

The safety signs below follow the ISO international standard.

This standard is used in the EU because it has many different languages.

There are three types of safety signs:

· Warning signs. These signs warn you about danger. They say things like this: Warning. Danger. Be careful. Look out. There is a danger or hazard here. You might injure yourself. The signs are yellow and black in colour and triangular in shape. Here are some examples:

1. Warning. Poison: see (1) __________

2. Danger. Fire hazard here: see (2) ________

· Prohibition signs. These signs prohibit an action. They say: Do not do this. You must not do this. Never do this. The signs are red, white and black in colour and round in shape. Here are some

examples:

3. You mustn’t lift this with a hook: see (3) _____

4. Never take the guard off this machine: see (4) _

· Mandatory action signs. These signs order you to do something. They say: Do this. You must do this. Always do this. These signs are blue and white in colour, and round in shape. Here are

some examples: 5. Always reed manual before you service this machine; see (5) _________

6. You must see the guard on this circular saw: see (6) ___________

Language Focus Wear Do not (don’t) Always a hard hat here. wear Never touch the machine. You must You must not (mustn’t)

SPEAKING

3.1 What kind of signs can you see below?

Complete the instructions with the following words

always do don’t must mustn’t never

1. _________ use a lighted match in this workshop.

2. _________ wash your hands after using these chemicals.

3. ___________ enter this small space.

4. You ______________ wear safety boots when you lift this.

5. ___________ not smoke in this factory.

6. You ____________ touch this machine with bare hands. It’s hot.

3.2 Explain these signs. Say them in another way.

Example: 1. Do not smoke here.

3.3 Look at the warning signs on your left. Complete the warnings with the words or phrases: could, might, there are, there’s. You can use these words or phrases more than once.

1. Take care. Heavy weight. You ____________________ injure your back.

2. Warning. _________________ a cold surface here. You _______________ injure your hands or arms.

3. Be careful. You _________________ trap your hand in the gears.

4. Danger. _________________ lasers in this laboratory. You ____________ injure your eyes.

WRITING

4.1 Use the words to complete the instructions

always do don’t must mustn’t never

1. Don’t smoke in the workshop.

2. ____________ use mobile phones in the workshop.

3. You ____________ wear safety goggles when you use this machine.

4. You must _____________ enter the cold store if you are alone in the factory.

5. __________ not lift heavy weights by hand.

6. You ____________ use this machine without the guard.

7. ___________ read the manual before you service the machine.

8. ___________ touch packets in the cold store without gloves.

4.2 Complete each sentence with a pair of verbs

drop/break lift/hurt pick/burn put/melt touch/get use/scratch use/trap

1. Don’t drop that box. You might break the TV inside it.

2. Don’t _________ the CD on that hot surface. It could ___________.

3. Don’t _________ that box without a forklift truck. You might _________ your back.

4. Don’t ________ a hook when you lift the car. You might ___________ it.

5. Don’t ________ up that hot plate. You might ___________ your hand.

6. Don’t ___________ that wire. You could __________ an electric shock.

7. Don’t _________ that machine without a guard. You could __________ your hand in it.

4.3 Use the phrases given below with might or could to complete these warnings

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