EF intersects AB and CD 2 страница

Speaker components (295)

Like a monitor, a speaker is connected with 2 wires, one to the CPU and one to the electrical outlet. Speakers control the computers volume. Speakers are optional components because not everybody needs to hear computer sounds. Speakers amplify the computer’s sounds to listen to music at a mono, stereo, or surround sound fixture. Every speaker has a dial to raise or lower the sound of computers aloud.

Headphones (296)

Headphones are like speakers with ear muffs. Headphones are connected to a slot in the front of a CPU, not the back. These things amplify computer sounds to you, not the whole room. Headphones are used in quiet rooms like a library where you can listen to sounds you want to hear.

A summary of components (297)

There is one type of computer that sums up all of these components in one cluster. This computer is called a laptop. A laptop has a built in monitor, keyboard, sound system, and mouse. This is the latest computer model yet. The laptops mouse is a finger pad that senses motion to the monitor. The laptop flips open with a monitor screen with a keyboard on the bottom half. You literally close the monitor to turn of the computer. Its then folded in half and is portable.

Computers first use (298)

After you press the power button on a computer, it takes a while for it to warm up. Before you see the desktop, you are prompted for a user account. The account can be password protected (paragraph 275) or not. You open your account by clicking it. Then you wait before the computer takes you to the desktop.

The Desktop (299)

I mentioned the word desktop a few times since starting this chapter. When I say desktop, I mean the main computer background. A laptop is not a desktop computer, but still has a desktop display. A desktop has the following things.

Background picture (300)

Every desktop has a background wallpaper or picture. The wallpaper is a spread out picture with the maximum resolution. A picture is a picture that’s centered into the desktop background with flexible margins. A wallpaper of the computers company is the default wallpaper of the computer. You change the wallpaper if you want in ways described later on.

Shortcuts/Icons (301)

A personalized desktop has a number of icons and shortcuts. A shortcut to a certain program has an icon or little clickable picture with a description below the picture. This is a sortcut to a program that requires so time for the computer to get. That’s why a shortcut represents the program with a double click of a mouse to launch the program. You can change the properties of the icon too (later).

The taskbar (302)

The taskbar is way on the bottom of your desktop. An open program or window is seen on a block in the center of the taskbar. When you minimize a window, it is stored on the taskbar. You can view it if you click on the window on the taskbar. You can also make icons be on your taskbar instead of the desktop if you prefer, there is no difference. On the far left corner, there is a clickable start menu which will be mentioned later. On the far right of the taskbar, there is a date & time icon. It is always shown on the taskbar and can be changed by clicking on it. There is a volume icon there also that virtually regulates the computers volume. There is also an internet connection icon to view the status of the connection (more info. Later).

The start menu (303)

The start menu can only be accessed by the taskbar. After you click on it, there will be some of your recent access programs and installed features your computer has. On the left below the accessed programs there will be a list of all the computers programs available. On the right their important programs that are already there for you to access. There is also a type bar in the start menu that lets you search for a specific program. These also have the option to turn-off or restart the computer by clicking the shutdown button.

Desktop properties (304)

If you right click a desktop icon, there is a drop down list that pops up for the information about this icon. To summarize all that information you click on the option way down below the drop down list. If you are willing to change the general or even specific way your desktop looks, right click any were except for an icon and select the properties option.

Dialog boxes (305)

When you open a properties menu for the desktop, a dialog box pops up with specific information about the desktop. A dialog box is a configuration box that lets you change settings to anything in the computer. A dialog box usually has tabs with a topic written on them. You click on a tab to access other information. These boxes are not to be confused as programs. These boxes also cannot be minimized because they do not appear on the taskbar.

Window arrangements (306)

Any window or dialog box can be arranged a certain way. When you right click on the taskbar, some options will appear. You can arrange all open windows side by side, top to bottom, or cascade them. A cascaded pile of windows shows the windows name bar. Every window has a name bar that describes what the window is. Every open window also has commands to the right of the name bar. It has a red x box and a maximize or minimize button as well as a question mark in dialog boxes. The? is used for help of this dialog box does to your computer.

Document Files and folders

Files/folders (307)

A file is a piece of saved computer data on your computer. There are many files on your computer if you use it every day. These files get sorted into virtual folders. A folder icon is either seen empty or with a bunch of papers. You click on it to see all those files and click on the files to start editing them. A file is opened with a program that lets you open and edit the file. If the program is not fitted correctly to it, you will get prompted to open it with a different program.

Software programs/ Microsoft (308)

Software is a program you install on your computer’s hard drive. Microsoft is the best software program that lets you create and edit data. Microsoft does not come with all brand new computers, so you have to get the program as an accessory to the computer. There are 5 types of Microsoft programs that can create certain data. These individual programs are in a folder called Microsoft office.

Microsoft word (309)

Microsoft word is the easiest one out the 5 Microsoft office programs. This document is a Microsoft Word document. In Word, you type anything you what on a piece of virtual paper and keep typing and typing until you are fed up with it. You can make changes to the text you write in any way by referring to the ribbon. The ribbon is the strand of options directly above the paper with tabs. Each tab has a name; home, insert, page layout, and mailings. All microsoft office programs have tabs and ribbons with different named tabs.

Generations of microsoft (310)

Microsoft has existed since 1997. In 1997, microsoft wasn’t as detailed as the latest version of microsoft, since 2010. Microsoft then got upgraded in 2003 and 2007, leading up to the latest in 2010. This is a microsoft 2010 version of Word. In early versions in 1997-2003, a microsoft document does not have ribbons, tabs, or many other special features as microsoft 2010. I don’t even know how those previous documents were set-up.

Microsoft PowerPoint (311)

Microsoft PowerPoint is the most artistic Microsoft program that is provided. A PowerPoint is a designed slideshow of information. You can post pictures on the slide and set a default background to the slide. A slide is like a page of a Word document, a blank rectangle. Making a PowerPoint is a creative way to present something you are interested in writing about.

Microsoft O utlook (312)

Microsoft outlook is Microsoft’s e-mail provider. This is the only program in Microsoft office where you can send an e-mail indirectly from microsoft.com. Outlook is connected to that website automatically. You can attach other documents you created with microsoft to an email with no sweat on Outlook.

Microsoft Publisher (313)

Microsoft Publish is Microsoft office’s newspaper creator. When you finish creating a microsoft document, you can attach it to publisher so you can publish it online as an interesting article to read. Microsoft Publisher simply creates a boring document by organizing it into sections similar to a real newspaper.

Microsoft Excel (314)

Microsoft is the trickiest microsoft program to handle. Excel has many, many things to experiment with. You do not write an essay on excel. Excel is commonly used to organize numeric data in every way possible. A person with experience can only handle some parts of excel. Excel can be easy once you get the hang of it. When you open a brand new excel document, you will see a whole sheet of cells (tiny virtual blocks). Each cell has a name, like A1, or CX213. There are infinite amounts of rows(letters) and columns(numbers). A1 is the very first selected cell in excel.

Getting the hang of excel (315)

The first cell is A1 in a spreadsheet. A spreadsheet is the abundance of cells in an excel document. To fill A1 with data, whether its numbers or letters, you just type it in. You will also see that data you just typed in a function bar directly above the spreadsheet. If you typed in numbers 1 and 1 followed by a space, you can hit the fx button, which generates a function. With the numbers 1 and 1 a dialog box will open. If you want to add those two numbers together, press Sum on the drop down list. Those two numbers will then be converted to one number, 2.

Formatting Cells (316)

The regular default cell length is 80 pixels. You can change the length of the cells by clicking when putting the cursor on the lines in between a rows letter name. You move it while clicking to the left to make it larger in pixel length (The same with the height (20 pixels default)). Notice a little square on the bottom right corner of a selected cell border. If that cell has information that needs to be copied or formatted a certain way, click and drag that tiny square to the cells where you want to format that information. That square is called auto fill, a convenient tool that can fill cells automatically with specific settings. For example, instead of typing consecutive numbers starting with 1 to any infinite number manually, highlight all cells to the bottom of the cell with 1 in it and click the black little square and select the fill series option. It will fill up the consecutive numbers from 1 to any number (1,2,3,4). If you select the copy cells option, all the selected cells will be 1. If you would like to delete one of those cells, you press the delete key in the selected cell(s) and a dialog box will pop up with options if you want to shift existing cells up, down, right, left, entire row, or entire column (Same with inserting cells). You can also color cells to organize them with certain information belonging to one color in the styles section of the home tab.

Printing an excel spreadsheet (317)

If you have an extensive amount of cells with information, you can’t print just by pressing the print button. The information you will print will take up more than page of printing in each row. To have a certain amount of information on one paper select a print area by going to the page layout tab in the page set-up area. Click on the print area button and select the set print area option. All the cells you selected might just fit into one page. To print a large spreadsheet, it’s better to set individual print areas accordingly to one page of precise information, and the next (etc.).

Saving Microsoft documents (318)

To save a document on your computer’s hard drive, just click that square icon on the top left of the document for a quick save. To save a document manually, go to file and select the save as option to have the save as dialog box pop up. That box will have various options of what folder to put this document in when its saved. If you have a flash drive, click on its name on the left side and save it there by clicking save. You rename the document if its name is doc1.docx. That helps you remember what this document is about. There is a drop down list below the name bar where you choose how to save this document formatting type. The default type is Microsoft document. If you will not open this saved file with microsoft the next time you need it, save it as a different type of document, such as a 1997-2003 document. If you have an old version of Microsoft on a different computer and want to open this file there, you have to save it as a 1997-2003 document. If you don’t save it like that, the old computer will say that the program cannot be found to open this file.

Opening saved files (319)

If you open a file that is saved on the computer, you go to the my computer icon on the desktop and a dialog box will pop up. Select Documents and find the saved file and start editing it. The file will have its type of document, name, and memory consumption in kilobytes. If you open a document from a flash drive, select its name on the left side and select the document.

Recycle bin/deleted files (320)

In rare occasions when your computer doesn’t have any extra memory to save a vital file of yours, you need to delete some saved files. All deleted files go to the recycle bin. All files you’ve deleted go there, so if need them again, you can restore them anytime. The recycle bin has no memory storage of files unless you restore them. The recycle can be emptied, which is a permanent delete. You empty the whole thing or just parts of it.

Control Panel (321)

Every computer has a control panel. You access it by going to the start menu and clicking control panel on the right side. A dialog box pops up with various things you can do to your computer.

Administrative privileges (322)

When you see a button or link with a blue sheriffs badge, you can access if you are the computers administrator. Before you log in, an administrator has a password protected account on the log-on window with a blue sheriffs badge as well. That administrator is the only person who can make changes to the system. The control panel is mostly for administrators purpose’s. If you are logged on to a non-administrator account and press something with the badge on it, a prompt will open to type in the administrators password if you know it.

System and security (323)

The first section you will see when the control panel window pops up is a section called System and Security. This provides system information and security options to the computer. To change some of these features, you need administrative privileges. You can also recover your system if a problem damages your computer by restoring the system.

Network and internet (324)

The second section you will see in the control panel is called Network and Internet. A network is a connection to the internet, which connects you to any website URL. You don’t need administrative privileges to change any of these settings. You can view our networks and router status and configure it. If you cannot connect, you can troubleshoot network diagnostics to try to fix it. You can also open the internet settings dialog box to make changes you want to your internet window.

Hardware and Sound (325)

This category lets change any hardware installed in the computer. The device manager (administrator only) can be launched from that section to get a list of all the devices installed on your hard drive categorically. You just click on the devices name to view its properties and use. You can change the keyboards and speaker settings. You can also change the display and power options in this section. If you installed a new device, view its properties to see if it does what it’s supposed to do. Auto play is a feature that detects any removable drive or device that enters the system. You can change its settings here as well.

Programs (326)

A program is like Microsoft, an accessory to the computer. Under the program section in the control panel, you can uninstall or disable certain programs. You can change the computers update times and view installed programs that are not accessories, but necessities to your hard drive. You don’t really need administrative privileges to manage programs.

User accounts and family safety (327)

You need administrative privileges to configure user accounts and set-up parental controls on the computer. Parental controls keep kids away from inappropriate content they view generally online. You can change people’s accounts’ passwords, pictures, and names. To actually make an account that is administrative, just click the administrator check box under the account where you would like this option.

Appearance and personalization (328)

This section gives you general options to make the computer yours. This lets you change anything in a general manner basically.

Clock, Language, and region (329)

This section of the control panel is what you would find if you click on the clock on the right side of the taskbar (paragraph 302). This section can also change the way the keyboard types in. If you have more than one language programmed on your keyboard, you choose the language you want to type in in the language bar that will appear on the right side of the taskbar. Clicking on the icon will trigger a drop down list to choose which language you want to type in. You don’t need administrative privileges in this section.

Ease of access (330)

For people with disabilities, this is a good section of the control panel to refer to. This section makes the computer settings reasonable for certain people with visual or hearing problems. You can even use the computer without touching the keyboard. You can do this with speech recognition.

Installing programs (331)

To use a program, you need to install it first. Installing the program is like introducing into your system. You will have to wait while in loads in order for it to do that. If you did if you don’t need this program anymore, you can uninstall it anytime. Uninstalling the program is like removing it from your system.

Chapter 15: Transportation/Vehicles

Walking (332)

Moving your feet one after another on any surface repeatedly is walking. Everybody walks, which is the most basic exercise a person can do. Walking isn’t the fastest method of transportation, but is the most common. Transportation is moving from point A to point B in any way possible. You can walk from point A to point B as long as it’s not too long.

Cars (333)

A car is a useful way to travel long distances, or distances that you would walk for too long. A car is the most common vehicle in the world. A vehicle is any type of machine that transports things. I can bet that every family has a car and use it at least 3 or 4 times a week. Cars are pricy, but they are worth it for fast transportation.

Different cars (334)

A car comes in various types, colors, sizes, and models. To describe a cars size, you say if the car is small, it’s compact. If you say the car is big, it’s an SUV (super utility vehicle). A cars model is how the car actual looks. You can judge a car if it’s a 1970’s model, or if it’s the latest model in the company. Every car has a company symbol on the front and back of the car. A company is a dealership that sold you the car, like Toyota, Nissan, GMC, Ford, Subaru, Honda, Jeep, Cadillac, Kia, Infinity, Buick, Jaguar, Mitsubishi, Chevrolet, Audi, Acura, and other companies. Those companies are all the cars I’ve seen in America. Every car has its model name provided by the company. Every same year model car has its name. The company Toyota has model names such as Corolla, Camry, Highlander, and Pathfinder.

Characteristics of cars/tires (335)

One of the characteristics cars share is having tires. Tires are hard rubber padded circular metal things. Every car has 4 tires with two of the tires on each longest side of the car. The tires of a car help balance the car evenly. Also, on two of the tires, either front or back, the tires are connected to the accelerator. When the driver’s foot presses on the gas pedal, the wheels move on whatever side the accelerator is connected to.

Characteristics of cars/doors and keys (336)

A person has to get in a car somehow. That’s why a car has either 2 or 4 doors, not including the trunk. A car must have an even number of rear doors because it must have 1 or 2 on each side. Car doors also protect our car for security. The driver of the car has car keys with an actual key connected to some buttons. Those buttons either lock or unlock the car without using the actual key. A button can also trigger an emergency beep and another can open the trunk or start the car automatically with turning the key in the ignition.

Characteristics of cars/engines and batteries (337)

A car has to have a power source because it’s not a pluggable machine. Every car has an engine and a huge battery. Both of these are located in the hood of the car. You open it to do car internal maintenance. The engine is powered by that huge battery along with all of the cars lights in the front and back. The engine is connected to the accelerating tires and also the fuel tank. Fuel is gasoline that feeds the car and gives the engine the ability to accelerate. Gas runs out about every week or 2 depending on how much the car is driven. The car also breathes and exhausts carbon monoxide through the cars muffler to get rid of the gases in the system frequently.

Characteristics of a car/the driver’s seat (338)

The car’s driver has his own seat on the front left side of the car in America. The driver’s seat has a steering wheel, speedometer, miles odometer, fuel gage, accelerometer, ignition slot, transmission, blinker and wiper switches, accelerator pedal, brake pedal, the clutch pedal (for stick shifts), thermometer, horn, automatic door switches, and other commands like buttons and clocks.

1. Steering wheel (339)

If cars had no steering wheels, they would go straight all the way. The steering wheel gives the car velocity, or direction. The steering wheel is a circle that is connected to the front 2 wheels of a car with a cursor that leads the wheels to turn in a certain angled direction. Depending on how much pressure the driver puts onto the wheel, the steering will be more and more sensitive to the direction the wheel is turning, clockwise right, and counterclockwise left. The faster the person is driving the more sensitive it is to steer due to velocity.

2. Speedometer (340)

Every driver has to know at what speed they are driving at. The calculation formula of speed is the car’s mileage driven over time. The unit for speed is mph (miles per hour). That means whatever speed the car is driving at will reach a distance over an hour. A cars speed ranges from 0 to 85 miles per hour. City or residential speed is posted between 20 and 30 mph. A freeway speed is 35 to 55 mph. A highway speed is 50 to as fast as you would like to go if there is no police car in sight. A speedometer is a protractor-shaped thing with a red handle moving up and down as a car accelerates located right in front of the steering wheel.

3. Odometers (341)

An odometer is a device in a car that refers to the cars speed and/or gas consumption. With these variables, an odometer counts the total mileage a car has driven in total. A car with over 200,000 miles on it will be worn out and won’t be able to gain mileage. A car like that will be thrown out. A car with 20,000 miles is a fine car that can travel for a lot more. A car might generally drive about 10 to 15 thousand miles a year.

4. Accelerometer (342)

An accelerometer is a device that calculates the acceleration the driver outs into a car. The accelerometer ranges from numbers 1 to 5, with 5 being the most extreme acceleration. The more the driver presses on the gas pedal, the higher the accelerometer will rise, and the faster the car will go overtime.

5. Fuel gage (343)

The fuel gage measures the amount of fuel a car has in its fuel tank. The F on the gage means the tank is full. The E on the gage means the tank is empty. When there is 20 miles left before the gas tank will be completely empty, an exclamation mark will pop up next to the gage for a trip to the gas station. A cars fuel consumption is higher in an SUV than a compact car. An average SUV car does 12-24 miles per gallon of gas consumed. An average compact car does 25-42 miles per gallon of gas consumed (MPG). The compact car is the bargain brand due to high MPG. The more you accelerate, the more gas you consume.

6. Ignition slot (344)

The ignition slot is where the driver starts the car’s engine. He puts the key in there and turns it until he hears the starting noise. The key in the slot stays in the slot until you are done driving unless you have an automatic starter. It is possible to start a car without the key if you are a good mechanic. That person can hotwire the car by using a tool to click the ignition in a certain way.

7. Transmission (345)

A car can come with automatic or shift transmission. The transmission system is located in between the front two seats of the car. Automatic transmission has the drive command on the gear, where you just drive without moving the shift because its designed to move automatically. You also move the gear to R or P, to R for reverse, and P to park the car and unlock the doors. You cannot drive on park gear. Shift transmission is when the driver presses a clutch pedal and moves the gear shift up down and across when he brakes or switches to a faster gear. The shift transmission cars are the bargain cars. Also, in both transmissions you need to step on the brake pedal to move the gear shift.

8. Wipers and blinkers (346)

Every car has wipers and blinkers located on the two sides in parallel of the steering wheel. The wipers and blinkers are turned on with switches. Flip the blinker switch up for the left blinker; flip it down for the right blinker. When you are finished turning in that direction, the blinker will in most cases turn off automatically because the steering wheel is set to flip the blinker switch off after turning. The wipers of a car are turned on with a switch. When the switch is up all the way, the wipers are off. When the wipers are on full speed, keep the switch way at the bottom. There are two other slower modes of wiper speeds in between off and fastest. Wipers are used when there is precipitation outside to clear the windshield so a driver can see better.

9. Thermometer (347)

A car has a thermometer for safety purposed. The thermometer in a car is connected to the engine to give the driver the temperature of the car internally. The thermometer does not have numbers, just an H for hot, and C for cold. The thermometer dial should be in the middle of those two points. If the car is too cold, it might break down. If the car is too hot, you accelerated too much and need to stop the car for a while unless you want a fire to happen.

10. Horn (348)

The horn of a car is right in the center of the steering wheel. It’s an squeeze bag with a horns head connected to it. The driver sounds the horn (beeps) when the driver anticipates an accident happening to wake up another psycho driver who might get you in an accident. The horn is attention for other drivers to pay attention to the road or to the traffic.

11. Door and window buttons (349)

The driver’s seat has window and door buttons on the door of the driver’s seat. The window buttons open or close all the car windows automatically with the control of the driver. The passenger seats also have these switches that control only their window. The driver’s seat also has door lock buttons to lock or unlock the door while seated.

Дата добавления: 2015-11-16