The threshold of fibrillation of heart 100 ма

Action of an electric current can lead to to two kinds of defeats: to electric traumas and electric impacts. In some cases both kinds of defeat arise simultaneously.

Electric traumas local damages of fabrics of the organism, called by influence of an electric current or an electric arch name. Most often are superficial damages of a skin, and sometimes and other soft fabrics, and also ligaments and bones. Electric traumas can be the following kinds: electric burns, electric signs, metallization of a skin, photoelectric ophthalmia and mechanical damages.

The most widespread electric trauma is the electric burn. Depending on conditions of occurrence burns can be two kinds: contact and arc.

Electric signs (signs on a current, or electric labels) are shown as spots of grey or pale yellow color on a surface of a skin of the person, undergone to action of a current. Electric signs can have the round or oval form; there are signs as scratchs, bruises, cuts or small wounds. Sometimes the form of a sign repeats the form of a current carrying part which victim has touched, and also can remind a lightning. Usually electric signs are painless and eventually the struck place gets initial color, elasticity and sensitivity.

Metallization zeroes arises from penetration into the top layers of a skin of the smallest parts of the metal which has fused under action of a metal arch. The victim feels presence at a skin of an alien body and often - a pain from a burn because of heat brought in a body by metal. The skin in a place of defeat becomes rigid and rough. Painting of a skin depends on metal: green at contact to red copper, blue-green - at contact to a brass, grey - yellow - at contact to lead. Eventually the struck site also gets a normal kind.

The electric arch being a source of intensive radiation of light, and also ultra-violet and infra-red beams, can call photoelectric ophthalmia - an inflammation of external shells of eyes under action of ultra-violet beams which are absorbed by cells of an organism and cause in them chemical changes. In heavy cases the cornea of an eye that demands long treatment inflames.

Under action of an electric current there is the excitation of living tissues accompanying with involuntary convulsive reductions of muscles, - electric impact. At sharp involuntary convulsive reductions of muscles under action of the current which is taking place through a body of the person, there can be mechanical damages: breaks of a skin, blood vessels and a nervous fabric, dislocations of joints and crises of bones.

Influence of an electric current on an organism of the person can lead to to a lethal outcome owing to an electric shock and cessation of work of heart and breath; influence on a muscle of heart can call cardiac arrest or its fibrillation, i.e. fast chaotic reductions of fibres a cardiac musle at which heart ceases to work normally and blood circulation is broken, Influence can be to straight lines when the current proceeds directly in the field of heart, and reflex, i.e. through the central nervous system. The death owing to the termination of breath is caused by direct or reflex influence of an electric current on the muscles of a thorax participating during breath.

Electric shock - heavy reflex reaction of an organism at strong irritation an electric current which results in dangerous frustration of breath, blood circulations, a metabolism, etc. The Shock status can last from several minutes about one day then can step or destruction as a result of full fading the vital functions, or full recovery as result of active medical intervention.

The outcome of defeat by an electric current essentially depends on a way on which the current passes through a body of the person. If the current proceeds through the vital bodies (heart, easy, head and a spinal cord) then danger of defeat will be rather great as it directly influences these bodies. If the current passes, not mentioning the vital bodies its influence on them can be only reflex, i.e. through the central nervous system, and probability of a heavy outcome is considerably reduced.

The most dangerous are ways of passage of a current of "head - hand" and "head - leg" as thus the current can pass through head and a spinal cord.

Дата добавления: 2015-10-21