Отнюдь нет, напротив.Только интенсивная, всесторонне

гармоничная и полезная деятельность сможет защитить наше здоровье и сделать нашу жизнь интересной и продуктивной.

Опыт работы с космонавтами отчетливо демонстрирует ту простую истину, что регулярные наблюдения за состоянием здо­ровья, выполнение разумных профилактических процедур спо­собны многие годы поддерживать отличную физическую форму, хорошее здоровье и высокую работоспособность.

Космическая медицина, будучи по своему характеру медици­ной предупредительной и профилактической, является моделью медицины будущего.

Ее методы и подходы по стабилизации здоровья космонав­тов, объединенные с опытом и достижениями клинической ме­дицины, уже сейчас могут внести ощутимый вклад в повышение.•ровня здоровья всех людей Земли.

Most of these medical terms require no-nonsense translation. In some sense technical translation is the easiest kind, because the interpreter's choices are so limited. On the other hand, this does require a precise know­ledge of the technical terms used in the specific field. Here advance preparation is a must.

In my report/presentation/talk today 1 would like to draw your attention to the question of what space flights can teach us — and in particular lengthy flights — on deepening and broadening/expanding our medical knowledge about human beings.

Nature is not only around us, but also within us. We ourselves are a part of nature, to which we need to give thought, and which needs to be as carefully protected as the environment.

In general terms, abstractly speaking, everyone understands this. The problem — and it is a real one — is/lies in that fact/that few of us/by no means all of us/only some of us/associate this with our own health, with our own life style.

Prevention of illness, the maintenance of (good) health, and an active and long life/an active old age/an active life-style and longevity/ have long been regarded/posited/as the major/fundamental/basic goal of medicine. And here/in this area/impressive/outstanding/results have been achieved. Suffice it to/we need only/recall the successful eradication/elimination of many dangerous infectious diseases.

It has now become clear that space medicine has made/Space medicine has/clearly made a significant/very valuable contribution/ contributed greatly/done much for the expansion of medical knowledge.

Our (so-called) "patients," astronauts, are healthy people/ individuals/whom we observe/follow/track/monitor for rather long periods of their lives. These include the period of selection and training, the very difficult/hard/heavy duties during space flights and during the return to earth's gravitational pull/the earth's/terrestrial/ gravity, preparations for new launches/flights, and then the actual flight itself. At/during all these stages the astronauts are given thorough physical examinations and are under rigorous/close/ constant/intensive medical observation.

Our knowledge of the mechanisms governing/regulating the cardiovascular system, muscle tone, movement coordination, and fluid-electrolyte metabolism has been considerably/greatly expanded. We also know a great deal/much/more about the structure and functioning of bone tissue and of the vestibular/inner ear mechanism.

It is well known/it is common knowledge that among types of illnesses various pathologies/diseases/of the cardiovascular system are

among the most significant/ widespread/ important/play a very important role. Among these, first and foremost, coronary heart disease and hypertension with complications, primarily involving disorders in cerebral circulation are the major causes of/are primarily responsible for/death and disability/mortality and morbidity of people in many countries. The pathology of the cardiovascular system can rightfully/with good reason be called/termed/ labeled an illness of the 20th century.

This, it seems to me, is precisely (the reason)/This explains/why for the diagnosis and prevention of cardiovascular disease the experience of space medicine can be extremely useful.

It is known that in space flights fundamental/basic/the most significant/changes occur in the cardiovascular system. These are primarily attributed/linked to a drop/decrease/decline in motor activity, greater/increased nervous-emotional strain, and a shift in blood flow towards the upper part of the body due to the loss of gravity/as a result/due to/zero gravity in blood circulation, and a number of/some other/less important factors/reasons. This is why/ therefore/medical monitoring/monitoring of the health of astronauts/ continues to stress/attach great importance to/allocate a leading role to cardiovascular examinations.

It is clear that such illnesses as coronary heart disease, hypertension and a number of other circulatory ailments/illnesses/ diseases do not emerge all of a sudden/out of the blue/out of nowhere/without warning. They develop gradually under the influence of/subject to/as a result of negative conditions, so-called/ known as/"risk factors." The results of large-scale/extensive epidemiological studies have shown/demonstrated that the basic risk factors of cardiovascular disease are a lack of/insufficient/physical activity/a sedentary life style, nervous-emotional stress/tension, poor nutrition (obesity), disorders of the lipid metabolism, smoking, etc.

(As for) individual risk factors, (these) include three non-controllable ones: age, sex, and heredity. Moreover, it is known that the frequency/ incidence of cardiovascular diseases increases with age, that the incidence among men is twice as high as among women, and that the probability of such illness is higher among individuals/ people/whose parents had heart attacks/below the age of 50/when they were under 50. The most important of these factors are: constitutional (genetic) traits; age; a family history of cardiovascular disorders; sedentary life style; poor nutrition (obesity); and stress (neuro-emotional strain).

Another important risk factor accompanying the development of cardiovascular disease is poor diet.

Our human nature is ancient, but it is by no means antiquated/an ancient relic. It should be preserved not by protecting the organism from physical or information overload, or by creating for it some kind of hothouse or artificial/antiseptic living conditions.

Дата добавления: 2015-10-13