ББК 81.432.1 я 73-3

ИНОСТРАННЫЙ ЯЗЫК

Сборник текстов на английском языке

Разработано в соответствии с государственным стандартом высшего профессионального образования

Кострома

УДК 811.111я73-3

ББК 81.432.1я73-3

И681

Печатается по решению редакционно-издательского совета

КГУ им. Н. А. Некрасова

Рецензент

Н. К. Ильина, кандидат филологических наук, доцент

И681	Иностранный язык: сборник текстов на английском языке / сост. Е. В. Комлева. – Кострома: КГУ им. Н. А. Некрасова, 2007. – 31 с.

Сборник содержит адаптированные тексты американских и английских авторов, а также комплекс упражнений, направленных на развитие навыков устной речи, расширение словарного запаса студентов и изучение языка писателей.

Для студентов очной формы обучения I и II курсов неязыковых факультетов вуза.

УДК 811.111 я 73-3

ББК 81.432.1 я 73-3

Ó Е. В. Комлева, составление, 2007

Ó КГУ им. Н. А. Некрасова, 2007

СОДЕРЖАНИЕ

ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ……………………………………………………….. 4

O. HENRY “WITCHES’ LOAVES”……………..…………………….. 5

JEROME K. JEROME “THREE MEN IN A BOAT”…………..……… 9

CONAN DOYLE “THE ADVENTURE”………………………………12

JACK LONDON “MARTIN EDEN”……………………………….......15

THEODORE DREISER “THE FINANCIER”………………………….19

MARK TWAIN “PUNCH, BROTHERS, PUNCH”……………………22

EARNEST HEMINGWAY “A CLEAN, WELL-LIGHTED PLACE”………………………………………………………………….25

СПИСОК ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ…………….………………………………..30

ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ

Данное издание предназначается для студентов I и II курсов неязыковых факультетов университета.

В пособие включены адаптированные тексты, что упрощает их понимание студентами неязыковых специальностей. Для каждого раздела подобраны отрывки из произведений английских и американских писателей конца XIX – начала XX в., их биографии, а также разработан комплекс упражнений, способствующий активному, углубленному изучению художественных текстов.

Выбор материала обусловлен несколькими моментами: во-первых, принадлежностью выбранных произведений к наиболее известным и популярным и вследствие этого включенным в курс изучаемой английской литературы; во-вторых, возможностями для расширения тематического словаря студентов. Так, знакомство с медицинской терминологией в отрывке из романа Дж. К. Джерома «Трое в лодке, не считая собаки» способствует более глубокому изучению темы «Болезни. Здравоохранение».

Целью работы над указанным материалом является развитие навыков устной речи, расширение словарного запаса студентов, а также изучение языка писателей.

O. HENRY (1862–1910)

O.Henry, whose real name was William Sydney Porter, was an American short-story writer. His stories are still popular today. He was born in 1862 in a small provincial town. In his early years he tried many jobs, among which were several literary ones.

O. Henry’s first story was published in 1899, when the writer was in prison on a false charge of stealing money from a bank. After he came out of prison, O. Henry became a professional writer.

O. Henry described the life of the “little people”: clerks, shop assistants and farm workers. His stories are mainly humourous and amusing, with the traditional happy end. Through the gaiety and humour of his stories, however, the hard life of the poor can be seen.

O. Henry died in 1910.

“WITCHES’ LOAVES”

Miss Martha Meacham kept a little bakery on the corner. Miss Martha was forty and rather rich. She had two false teeth and a good heart. Many people had got married who had not so many chances as Miss Martha.

Two or three times a week a customer came to her bakery in whom she began to take an interest. He was a middle-aged man wearing glasses and a brown beard. His clothes were worn, but he looked neat and had good manners.

He always bought two loaves of stale bread. Fresh bread was five cents a loaf. Stale loaves were two for five. He never bought anything but stale bread. Once Miss Martha saw a red-and-brown spot on his fingers. She thought then that he was an artist and very poor. She was sure he lived in a small room, where he painted his pictures, and ate stale bread and thought of the good things to eat in Miss Martha's bakery. Often now when Miss Martha sat down to her dinner she thought about the poor artist and wanted him to share her meal instead of eating his stale bread.

Miss Martha sighed deeply every time she thought of it, because her heart, as I have said, was a kind one.

She wasn't curious but she wanted to know more about the customer. One day, to find out his occupation, she brought from her room a painting she had bought at asale and hung it on the wall.

Miss Martha was sure that if he was a painter, the picture would attract his attention. Two days later the customer came again.

"Two loaves of stale bread, if you please," he said as usual and added, "You've got a new picture, madam."

"Yes," said Miss Martha, "I like art and... (no, she did not dare to say "artists" so early) and paintings." She was afraid that he might notice how embarrassed she was and went on speaking quickly. "Do you think it's a good picture?" she asked pointing to it.

"No, I'm afraid it isn't. I don't like the colours." He took his bread, said good-bye, and hurried out. Yes, he was an artist, just as she had suspected.

Often now when he came to her bakery, he talked for a while with Miss Martha. He was always very polite and nice to her. And he kept on buying stale bread, never a cake, never a pie. Miss Martha was too shy to offer him anything else.

It seemed to her that he began to look thinner. She wanted to add something good to eat to his stale bread but she did not dare. She knew how proud artists were and how much they hated it when people offered to help them. She was afraid he might get offended and would not buy bread at her bakery any longer.

One day the customer came in as usual, laid his nickel on the counter and asked for his stale loaves. At that moment a noise was heard outside. A crowd had gathered in the street. The customer rushed to the door to see what had happened. Miss Martha took the chance. On the shelf behind the counter there was a pound of fresh butter. With a bread knife Miss Martha made a deep cut in each of the loaves, put a big piece of butter there, and pressed the loaves tight again. When the customer turned round, she was wrapping them up. Miss Martha smiled. Had she been too bold? Perhaps. But she was quite satisfied with herself. She was sure he would be touched and thankful to her for what she had done. She could not think of anything else that day.

She did not know how much time had passed when she heard a knock. Somebody was knocking at the door loudly and impatiently. Miss Martha hurried to the front door. There were two men there. One was a young man she had never seen before. The other was her artist. He looked excited. His face was red, his hat was on the back of his head, his hair was in disorder. At first Miss Martha didn't even recognize him. "Fool!" he shouted. Miss Martha was very much surprised at his behaviour. She'd never expected he could be so rude. His companion tried to draw him away.

"Now, don't be silly, calm down," he said.

"I shan't go before I tell her. You've spoilt my work. You are a foolish old cat, that's what you are," the customer shouted angrily at Miss Martha.

She got frightened. She was afraid he would beat her or throw things at her. She couldn't understand why he hated her so. She thought he had gone mad. The young man pulled the customer by the hand. "Come on," he sad. "You've said enough." He drew the angry man out of the shop and came back alone. The situation was awkward. It was all so unexpected to the poor woman. There was silence for a moment, then he began to speak.

"I'm his friend; I believe I must tell you, ma'am, what made him so angry and why he behaved like that. Well, the matter is that he is a draughtsman. He's been working hard for three months drawing a plan for a new town hall. It was a prize competition. You understand what a job he's done. He finished inking the lines yesterday. A draughtsman always makes his drawing in pencil first. When it's done, he rubs out the pencil lines with stale bread. He's been buying bread here. Well, today – well, you know, ma'am, that butter you added to the loaves... The moment he touched the drawing... I didn't even believe him at first. It was certainly thoughtless of you. Of course you meant well. But the drawing is no good now. He'll have to tear it up and throw it away."

Miss Martha's heart was broken. Life was so cruel and unfair to her.

ASSIGNMENTS

1. Answer the questions.

1. What kind of woman was Miss Martha?

2. What kind of man was the customer?

3. What made Miss Martha suspect that the customer was an artist?

4. What did Miss Martha do to find out the customer’s occupation?

5. Why didn’t Miss Martha offer anything good to eat to the customer?

6. How did Miss Martha manage to add butter to the customer’s stale loaves?

7. Why didn’t Miss Martha recognize her customer at first?

8. How did the customer’s companion explain the strange behaviour of his friend to Miss Martha?

9. What did Miss Martha do with the picture she brought from her room?

10. Why did Miss Martha hang the picture on the wall?

11. How did Miss Martha feel when she was speaking with the customer about art and paintings?

12. What did Miss Martha suspect her customer was?

13. Why did Miss Martha get frightened when the customer came to her bakery accompanied by a man? Did she know what had made him so angry?

14. What did the customer’s friend think of what Miss Martha had done?

15. What did the customer’s friend say the young man would have to do with his drawing?

16. What did Miss Martha think about what had happened?

2. Complete the sentences using the necessary word combinations.

1. The customer … (was polite; was very awkward; was bold; was rude; had bad manners; had good manners; was shy).

2. Miss Martha was sure that the customer was … (an actor; a worker; a painter).

3. Miss Martha was sure that if the customer was a painter the picture would … (surprise him; frighten him; embarrass him; make him angry; attract his attention).

4. Miss Martha did not add anything good to eat to his stale bread because she thought that the customer might … (get surprised; get angry; get frightened; get offended; get excited; get embarrassed).

5. The customer’s companion asked him… (to speak louder; to shout at Miss Martha; to calm down; to beat the woman).

6. When adding butter to the customer’s loaves Miss Martha … (meant to spoil his drawing; meant well; wanted to please him).

3. Correct the false statements.

1. Miss Martha was young and poor.

2. Miss Martha had a husband and two children.

3. The customer was impolite and had bad manners.

4. Miss Martha didn’t pay attention to the customer.

5. Miss Martha asked the customer if he was an artist.

6. Miss Martha told the customer at once that she liked art.

7. Miss Martha offered the customer many things besides stale bread.

8. The customer saw Miss Martha make a deep cut in each of the loaves, put some butter into the cuts and press the loaves tight.

9. The customer was thankful to Miss Martha for what she’d done.

10. Miss Martha never learned what had made the customer so angry.

4. Use the following word combinations in the sentences of your own.

1. attract smb.’s attention 6. pull smb. By the hand

2. offer smth. 7. tear smth. Up

3. hate it when … 8. thoughtless of smb.

4. take the chance 9. cruel and unfair to smb.

5. at first

5. Make a dialogue having chosen different situations.

1. Miss Martha and the customer meet five years later.

2. The customer tells his friends what Miss Martha did.

3. Miss Martha tells her neighbour what has happened to her.

JEROME K. JEROME (1859–1927)

An English writer Jerome K. Jerome was born in May, 2, 1859 in Stafford-shire. During his life he tried many professions. He was a teacher, an attorney assistant, an actor and an editor of comic magazine. His first works were connected with the theatre.

In 1899 he visited Russia and his oppressions he described in the article called “The Russians whom I know”.

He wrote his famous story “Three in a boat” in 1889, and in 1900 “Three on a bike” was published.

Jerome K. Jerome is the author of many humourous plays and short stories. His humour is good-natured and sentimental. The ordinary topic of his stories is adversities of the average men.

He died in 1927 in Northampton.

“THREE MEN IN A BOAT”

I remember going to the British Museum one day to read up the treatment for some slight disease. I got down the book and read all I had come to read. Then without realizing what I was doing I turned the leaves and began to study diseases generally. I forget which was the first disease I read about but before I looked through the list of the symptoms I felt that I had it. I kept on reading, feeling rather nervous, and realised that I was suffering from every disease imaginable. The only thing I had not got so far was housemaid's knee. To say that I was worried and upset and that I felt miserable would be to say nothing. I nearly fainted. In fact I felt more dead than alive. I tried to examine myself. I felt my pulse. I discovered that I had no pulse. I tried to feel my heart. I could not feel my heart. It had stopped beating. I tried to look at my tongue. I stuck it out as far as it would go. I shut one eye, and tried to examine it with the other. I could only see the tip but I no longer doubted that in addition to everything I had scarlet fever.

It became clear to me that I would never recover and would never get rid of the thousand diseases I had. I gave up all hope. Medicine could not help me. I had walked into the reading-room a happy healthy man, I walked out an invalid.

Though I doubted if anyone would be able to cure me of my diseases, I went to consult my physician. I always turn to him for advice and help. He is a nice fellow and an old friend of mine. He had been treating me for many years. I never make an appointment with him, he's always ready to see me. He looks at my tongue, feels my pulse, talks about the weather, and all for nothing, when I imagine that I am ill. He never remains indifferent to what I say and always does his best to encourage me when I start complaining of my diseases. I thought that he would be thankful if I went to him. ""What a doctor wants," I said to myself, "is practice. He shall have me. He will get more practice out of me than out of seventeen hundred ordinary patients with only one or two common diseases each."

"Well, what's the matter with you? Got any complaints?" he asked.

I did not pretend to be calm. My whole life depended on what he would say.

"I will not take up your time, dear fellow, by telling you what is the matter with me," I began. "Life is short and you may die before I'm through. But I'll tell you right away what is not the matter with me. I haven't got housemaid's knee. Why I haven't got it I cannot tell you. But the fact remains that I haven't got it. Everything else I have got. My life is in danger."

I told him how I came to discover it all. I didn't pretend I wasn't frightened. He took my temperature, felt my pulse, and then hit me over the chest when I wasn't expecting it. After that he sat down and wrote out a prescription. He folded it and giving it to me said that I had better go home.

I did not open the prescription. I went to the nearest pharmacy to have it filled. The chemist read the prescription and handed it back. He apologised for being unable to help me. He said he didn't keep it and smiled. I got very much annoyed. I did not see the joke.

I said, "You are a chemist, aren't you?" He did not deny it. "I am a chemist," he said. "If I were a department store and family hotel combined, I might be able to help you. But the matter is I am only a chemist. That's why I can't oblige you."

I read the prescription. It said:

“1 Ib.¹ beefsteak, with

1 pt. beer every six hours.

1 ten-mile walk every morning.

1 bed at 11 sharp every night.

And avoid stuffing up your head with things you don't under­stand."

I felt relieved. My life was out of danger. I didn't tear up the prescription or throw it away. I followed the directions with the happy result — my life was saved and is still going on. My health has improved, but I never mention the incident to anyone.

ASSIGNMENTS

1. Answer the questions.

1. How did it happen that Jerome K. Jerome discovered he had a thousand diseases?

2. When did Jerome K. Jerome realize that in addition to everything he had scarlet fever?

3. Why did Jerome K. Jerome always consult his physician?

4. Why did the poor invalid think his physician would be glad to have him for a patient?

5. What did Jerome K. Jerome tell his physician?

6. What did the prescription say?

7. Was Jerome K. Jerome’s life saved in the end? What about his health?

8. Whom did he tell about the incident?

9. How did Jerome K. Jerome feel when he discovered that he had no pulse?

10. Who did he turn for advice to?

11. What did he think all doctors needed?

12. What did he feel his life depended on?

13. Why didn’t Jerome K. Jerome have to make an appointment with the doctor?

14. When did Jerome K. Jerome feel that his life was saved and he was out of danger? What did the doctor advise him to avoid doing?

2. Choose the necessary word combination or sentence and complete the phrases.

1. Jerome K. Jerome went to the British Museum … (to take out a library card; to look up some figures; to read some fiction; to read up the treatment for some disease).

2. When Jerome K. Jerome discovered that he had all diseases imaginable, he…(got embarrassed; was surprised; calmed down; nearly fainted).

3. It became clear to Jerome K. Jerome that … (he was in pretty good health; he would never recover; his life was out of danger; his life was in danger).

4. Jerome K. Jerome’s friend … (was indifferent to what he said; always encouraged him; listened to his complaints very attentively; did his best to help him).

5. The physician advised Jerome K. Jerome … (to take up art; to read medical books; to avoid thinking about things he didn’t understand).

6. Jerome K. Jerome followed the doctor’s directions with the happy result - … (he died; his life was saved; he went mad; his health improved).

7. Jerome K. Jerome never mentioned the incident to anyone because he … (had forgotten it very soon; felt ashamed; did not see the joke; had no sense of humour).

3. Correct the false statements.

1. Jerome K. Jerome looked through the list of symptoms and realized that he hadn’t got any disease.

2. It became clear to him that he would soon recover.

3. He felt happy and cheerful because he discovered that nothing was the matter with him.

4. He did not doubt that he could be easily cured of his diseases.

5. When he went to consult his physician who was a very good specialist, he always made an appointment with him first.

6. It seemed to Jerome K. Jerome that he had only one common disease.

7. Jerome K. Jerome pretended that he wasn’t frightened.

8. Jerome K. Jerome went to the pharmacy and had the prescription filled.

4. Make up your own sentences using the following word combinations.

1. not to doubt that 6. to feel better

2. turn to smb. for advice 7. have a prescription filled

3. treat smb. 8. be out of danger

4. do one’s best 9. mention the incident

5. write out a prescription

5. Summarize the text and retell the summary.

ARTHUR CONAN DOYLE (1859–1930)

Conan Doyle was born in Edinburgh, Scotland in May, 22, 1859. He was from the family of noble men. The names of his ancestors can be seen in the novels by Sir Walter Scott.

In 1876 he entered the University in Edinburgh, he studied at the medical faculty. After graduating from the University he went to South Africa. In 1887 he published his first story “A sketch in purple colours”. Here the readers met his famous characters – the detective Sherlock Holmes and his friend doctor Watson.

In 1891 A. Conan Doyle left the medicine and he became the professional writer. During his life A. Conan Doyle wrote not only the detectives stories but he published three books of poems, he was also the author of several historical novels. But his Sherlock Holmes was the most popular character.

A. Conan Doyle died in July, 7, 1930.

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