Working on the text

Task 2. a) Mark the stress in the Russian words and compare it with the English words. Tick the pairs of words with different stressed syllables.

organiz a tion организация

h i story история

f e deral федеральный

b u dget бюджет

ec o nomy экономика

s y stem система

eff e ctive эффективный

t e rritory территория

imp o rter импортер

lab o ratory лаборатория

b) Read the English words again.

Task 3. a) Look through the text and find synonyms to the following words:

- goods

- infringement

- responsibility

- usage

- basis

- to set free

- confiscation

- method

b) Make sentences with these words.

Task 4. a) Complete the table with the words from the text formed from the following verbs. Make the necessary changes.

assess, collect, organize, ship, invest, pay, apply, classify, enforce, investigate, develop, inspect, operate, conceal, regulate, violate

-ment	-tion
assessment	collection

b)Complete the sentences with the words from the table and translate them into Russian.

1. The goods are ready for __________.

2. A private detective was hired to conduct the __________.

3. __________ can be made by cheque or by credit card.

4. The government is introducing new import __________.

5. Correct __________ of goods is very important for duty __________.

6. Nowadays much attention is paid to the __________ of the Customs Service infrastructure.

7. The __________ of scanners helps to speed up examination of goods.

8. The anti-terrorist __________ was carried out under the code name “Whirlpool”.

9. One of the main functions of the Customs is __________ of duties and taxes.

10. False bottom of a bag is often used as a place of __________.

Task 5. Answer the following questions:

1. Where does the duty collected go?

2. What is the reason for merchandise classification?

3. Do all the countries have their own goods classification systems?

4. What documents must accompany the cargo?

5. Why is it necessary to inspect passengers and cargo?

6. What can help to speed up the search and to make it more efficient?

7. How can the customs statistics help in the fight against smuggling?

8. What customs violations can you name?

9. Why are some goods tested in customs laboratories?

Task 6. Say what you can remember about:

- the main functions of the customs;

- the ways to avoid underpayment of duties;

- laboratory tests;

- methods of detecting contraband;

- customs violations.

Task 7. Translate the questions and answer them.

1. Почему начисление и сбор таможенных пошлин всегда являлись одной из основных функций таможни?

2. К каким последствиям могут привести ошибки, допущенные при классификации товара?

3. Какой документ является основным для таможенной оценки?

4. Какие задачи стоят перед таможней при досмотре пассажиров и грузов?

5. Что помогает ускорить досмотр?

6. Для чего нужен сбор статистических данных о правонарушениях?

7. Какие правонарушения расследуют таможенники?

8. Почему необходимо проводить лабораторные анализы?

9. В обязанности таможенников входит взимание таможенных пошлин, таможенный контроль и сбор статистических данных о ввозимых и вывозимых товарах.

Text 2

Task 8. Read the text and answer the questions.

CANINE ENFORCEMENT

Customs Services and other Law enforcement agencies around the world use canine teams (K-9) in everyday activities because dogs can sniff out narcotics and explosives and currency which machines cannot trace. Teams consisting of a dog and a handler are used to screen arriving aircraft, vessels, vehicles, cargo, baggage, mail, premises and people.

The Customs uses a wide variety of dogs. But as drug detector dogs are often on show in public areas (such as airport terminals) Customs Services prefer to choose the breeds of which people are not frightened. That is why in the UK they don’t use Alsatians or Rottweilers as these dogs are considered aggressive and threatening. Mainly Labrador retrievers, Collies, German Shepherds, Spaniels, Pointers and mixed breeds are used for drug detection work.

The basis for the training is the dog’s natural instinct to hunt and retrieve and its desire to please its handler. Initially the dogs are encouraged to search for hidden training aids. Concealments are progressively made more difficult and the full range of drugs is introduced.

The handlers are trained to interpret the dog’s behavior or “indications” when they are confronted with the presence of drugs. If the handler fails to interpret these signals or indications there will be little success.

To the dog, finding drugs is fun. This is reflected in the dog’s behavior: it is highly active at work, and enjoys the reward or praise by its handler when it makes a find, but the dog is not allowed to feel that it is playing. To make a clear distinction between work and play, the working dog wears a special harness. When the handler puts the harness on the dog, the animal knows it is on duty.

* * *

U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) K-9 officer working with his partner Rambo, seized more than 4 kilograms of opium at Chicago Foreign Mail Facility. While screening arriving international mail Rambo alerted to the parcel, delivered from Laos, which was manifested with the description “Traditional Tea”. The CBP officer opened the parcel to find 43 plastic bags containing the drug packed in dried leaves. The investigation is ongoing.

* * *

U.S. CBP officers seized 66.5 kg of marijuana after a Chevrolet pickup truck arrived at the port of entry from Mexico. During the search CBP officers used a fiberscope to peer into fuel tank and noticed anomalies in its appearance. CBP drug sniffing dog Dollar examined the vehicle and alerted his handler to the presence of narcotics. CBP officers continued their inspection by removing fuel tank. They dismantled the tank and discovered 5 sealed metal boxes with the drug. The driver, a 55-year-old US resident was arrested and now he faces federal prosecution on drug charges.

b) Make a glossary. Choose seven words to remember.

c) Answer the questions:

1. Why do K-9 teams work for the law enforcement agencies?

2. What concealed items can dogs detect?

3. What breeds are trained for anti-smuggling and anti-terrorist purposes?

4. What natural instinct of dogs is used during training and work?

5. What is essential for the successful work of a canine team?

6. Do dogs understand that they are working?

7. What did CBP dog Rambo help to discover?

8. How was the drug declared?

9. Where did the parcel arrive from?

10. What device did CBP officers use to search the truck from Mexico?

11. What special skills were required to seize the drugs concealed in the fuel tank?

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