Chronology

55 B.C. – Julius Caesar lands in Britain.

55 B.C. – The second invasion of the Romans.

43 A.D. – The Romans begin to conquer the south of britain.

1^st - 5^th cc. A.D. – britain is a Roman province.

407-410 A.D. - The Romans leave britain.

5^th (449) – 7^th cc. – The Anglo-Saxons conquer britain.

597 -conversion of the Anglo-saxons to Christianity begins.

793 – The Danes begin to raid britain.

803 – Egbert becomes King of Wessex.

871 - The Danes invade Wessex.

871-899 – The reign of Alfred the Great.

878 – the country is divided between the English and Danish dominion.

886 – Treaty, fixing the boundary of the Danelaw.

1017-1035 – Reign of the Danish king Canute (Cnut) in England.

1066 – Death of King Edward the Confessor. William of Normandy invades and defeats Harold at Hastings; is crowned as king.

1086 – Feudal registration in England (The Domesday Book).

1170 – Thomas Becket, archbishop of Canterbury, is assassinated.

1215 – The barons force King John to sign and accept the Magna Carta Libertata (the Great Charter).

1265 - Simon de Monfort summons a parliament of churchmen, barons, knights and two representatives from each borough.

1283 – Edward I proclaims the annexation of Wales to England.

1332 – first recorded division of parliament into separate House of Lords and Commons.

1337 – The beginning of the Hundred Years’ War with France (1337-1453), during which England lost all her French possessions, except Calais.

1348 – The Black Death in England.

1362 – English replaces Norman French as language of parliament and the law court.

1381 – the Great Peasants’ Revolt of Wat Tyler.

1429 – The French, led by Joan of Arc, defeat the English at battle of Patay and raise the siege of Orleans.

1431 -Joan of Arc is burned by the English as a witch.

1455-1485 Wars of the Roses of the House of York (White Rose) against the House of Lancaster (Red Rose).

1474 – William Caxton produces the first printed book in England.

1497 – John cabot makes voyage to North America.

1516 – Sir Thomas More publishes Utopia.

1521 – Henry VIII receives papal title of Defender of the Faith.

1534 – the Act of Supremacy severs the Anglican church from papal control. Henry VIII becomes Supreme Governor of the Church of England.

1547 – Death of Henry VIII; accession of Edward I.

1549 – The Great Norfolk Rising aimed against land enclosures.

1553 -Death of Edward I. Lady Jane Grey is proclaimed as queen but Mary Tudor accedes to the throne.

1558-1603 – The reign of Elizabeth I, Queen of England, the last Tudor monarch.

1578-80 – Frances Drake makes his voyage around the world.

1587 – Mary I of Scotland is executed following her trial for treason.

1588 – The Spanish Armada is defeated.

1603 – Death of Elizabeth I; accession of James I.

1605 – The Gunpowder Plot.

1620 – The Pilgrim fathers leave for New England in the Mayflower.

1625-1649 - The reign of Charles I.

1629 – Charles I dissolves parliament for 11 years.

1641 – Grand Remonstrance against Charles I is published by parliament.

1642-1649 – The Civil war between Charles I and the Parliament.

1649 - Charles I is executed.

1653-1658 – The rule of Oliver Cromwell as the Lord Protector.

1660 – Restoration of the monarchy with the proclaiming of Charles II.

1660-1685 - The reign of Charles II

1664 – English take New Amsterdam and change its name to New York.

1665 – Outbreak of the Great Plague in London.

1666 – The Great Fire of London.

1679 – Habeas Corpus Act passed.

1685 – Death if Charles II and accession of James II.

1689 – William and mary are declared joint sovereigns; Bill of Rights is declared.

1701 – Act of Settlement bars Catholics from the throne of England.

1707 - Act of Union with Scotland creates United Kingdom with a single parliament.

1714 – Death of Anne; accession of George I as first Hanoverian king.

1755 – War in North America between british and French.

1756-63 – the Seven Years War.

1767 – Parliament imposes tax on tea, and other duties on North America.

1773 – Boston Tea Party heralds American War of Independence.

1776 - American Declaration of Independence.

1783 - Independence of USA recognized.

1800 – Ireland is incorporated into the Uk.

1834 – Poor Law system is reformed; work houses are introduced.

1836 – Chartist movement begins.

1838 – Chartists publish the People’s Charter.

1839 – Parliament rejects Chartist petition.

1857 – Indian mutiny breaks out.

1864 – International Working Men’s Association (the First International) is founded in London.

1868 – Trade Union Congress is formed.

1871 – trade unions are given legal status.

1876 – Queen Victoria is proclaimed Empress of India.

1882 – Revolt in Egypt: Britain occupies Suez Canal Zone.

1899-1902 – the Boer War in South Africa.

1900 – Labour representation Committee is founded in London.

1901 – Death of Victoria; accession of Edward VII.

1911 – An Act of parliament restricts the veto power of the Lords.

1914 – WWI begins; Britain declares war on Germany.

1920 – Communist party of Great Britain is founded.

1926 – the general Strike.

1927 – The BBC receives royal charter.

1931 – Sir Oswald Mosley forms the New Party which in 1932 becomes the British Union of fascists.

1936 – Hunger march of unemployed from Jarrow to London.

1939-45 – World War II.

1940 – Winston Churchill becomes PM. The Channel Islands are occupied by the Germans. The battle of Britain. The Blitz.

1943 – American forces arrive in England.

1944 – D-Day (6 June).

1947 – Independence is granted to India.

1948 – the NHS is established.

1951 – Conservatives win general election. Churchill again becomes PM.

1952 – Death of George VI; accession of Elizabeth II.

1953 – Coronation of Elizabeth II

1955 -Churchill resigns.

1956 – Britain participates in the Suez aggression against Egypt.

1958 – First women peers take their seats in the House of Lords. CND is founded; the first march to Aldermaston.

1966 – Gas fields are discovered under the North Sea.

1970 – Conservatives win General election. Edward heath becomes pri

1973 - EEC

1979 – Margaret Thatcher became the first woman PM

1982 - Falklands war

1993 - the Channel Tunnel (the Chunnel) opened

1997 – the New Labour wins the General Elections

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