Блок 3.

Задание 23 (Кейс-задание).
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Mixed economies
1. A mixed economy contains elements of both market and planned economies. At one extreme we have a command economy, which does not allow individuals to make economic decisions, at the other extreme we have a free market, where individuals exercise considerable economic freedom of choice without any government restrictions. Between these two extremes lies a mixed economy.
2. In mixed economies some resources are controlled by the government whilst others are used in response to the demands of consumers. Technically, all the economies of the world are mixed. Some countries are nearer to command economies, while others are closer to free market economies.
3. The aim of mixed economies is to avoid the disadvantages of both systems while enjoying the benefits that they both offer. So, in a mixed economy the government and the private sector interact in solving economic problems. The state controls the share of the output through taxation and transfer payments and intervenes to supply essential items such as health, education and defence, while private firms produce cars, furniture, electrical items and similar, less essential products.
4. The UK is a country with mixed economy. Some services are provided by the state (for example, health care and defence) whilst a range of privately owned businesses offer other goods and services.

Задание 23.1 (– выберите один вариант ответа).
Определите, какое утверждение соответствует содержанию текста.

Варианты ответов:

• 1) In Great Britain health care is supported by the government.
• 2) A mixed economy can be called a command economy.
• 3) A planned economy combines features of mixed and market economies.
• 4) All the economies of the world are command ones.

Задание 23.2 (– выберите один вариант ответа).
Завершите утверждение согласно содержанию текста.
In mixed economies the government …

Варианты ответов:

• 1) controls resources, taxation, public health and defence
• 2) controls the demands of consumers in the country
• 3) makes all the economic decisions in the country
• 4) lets private companies have their own decisions in all the spheres of economy

Задание 23.3 (– выберите один вариант ответа).
Ответьте на вопрос:
What is the purpose of a mixed economy?

Варианты ответов:

• 1) Its purpose is to avoid the disadvantages of market and planned economies and to use the advantages these economies both have.
• 2) Its purpose is to avoid the benefits that both market and planned economies offer and to use their strong points.
• 3) Its purpose is to use the disadvantages of market and planned economies while enjoying their strong points.
• 4) Its purpose is to use both the advantages and disadvantages of market and planned economies.

Задание 23.4 (– выберите один вариант ответа).
Определите основную идею текста.

Варианты ответов:

• 1) A mixed economy with the features of market and command economies allows the state and the private sector to interact in solving economic problems.
• 2) In general all the economies of the world are mixed having the features of both market and command economies.
• 3) Some countries have more features of command economies, while others are closer to free market economies.

4) A mixed economy is an attempt to avoid the disadvantages of market and command economies and to use the benefits they both offer.

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