Scotland. General information about this country.

Scotland occupies the northern part of the island of Great Britain and the adjacent islands: Hebrides, Orkney, Shetland. The main area of Scotland to the west and the north is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, from the east - the North Sea and to the south - in England and the Irish Sea. The main east coast bays are Bay Moray Firth in the north and the Firth of Forth - in the south. Firth of Clyde washes the south-west coast of Scotland. The highest mountains are the Grampians, which stretch to the north of Scotland, which includes the highest peak in Scotland, and the UK as a whole, Ben Nevis. With its thickets, lakes, mountains, islands and ancient castles, Scotland is considered one of the most beautiful countries, and tourism - one of its most important industries. In Scotland, there are deposits of minerals - coal, iron, oil and gas. It also developed industries such as fishing, whiskey production, etc. The development of agriculture - farming and animal husbandry. Nearly a quarter of the total area of the country is under cultivation or pasture. The climate in Scotland is not as soft as in England. Scotland dominated the spring cold winds and fog. Rare sunny days give way to sudden gusts of wind and rain.Should be taken with a light woolen clothes and raincoat. In the summer heat in the main, though often rains that bring the west sea breezes. The fall in the early morning and in the evening is cool, but in the afternoon as warm as summer. The official language in the UK, and of course, in Scotland is English. But apart from him in Scotland as often you can hear Gaelic. This is a very interesting language, which is somewhat like the English-German part. Yes, and the English under the influence of some Gaelic language evolved, so now every Englishman can understand what he says Scot. Scotland is the perfect place for lovers of the national and cultural backgrounds. It is rich royal heritage, castles and towers, historical cities located in the wooded glens and magnificent highlands. You can visit the magnificent capital of Edinburgh and Glasgow, Scotland-arts center and venue for the busy, well-known as well as a lot of places connected with the Scottish royal family is delightful locks Stirling Castle, Scoone Palace, Blair Castle and many others. Edinburgh - the ancient capital of Scotland, the history of this city goes far back. The main areas of Edinburgh - The Old Town and New Town. There are lots of small shops selling souvenirs to tourists. Edinburgh is also full of cafes and restaurants, many of them decorated in the style of the Victorian era. Edinburgh can be called "the least Scottish town of all the cities of Scotland," in part because of the enormous impact of tourism, in part because of the close neighbor - Britain, partly due to the activity of many cultural population. In Edinburgh, a huge, even for the Russian people, the number of pubs and all kinds of pubs, an incredible number of students, and various studies are festivals and events make the city very much alive. Edinburgh is famous for its museums. Writers Museum, dedicated to Sir Walter Scott, Robert Burns, Robert Louis Stevenson - their visitors - it is mostly creative people. Museum of Edinburgh's more interesting stories to experts. A Museum of Childhood, which is famous for its toys - parents with children. Glasgow - the largest city in Scotland and third most populous in the UK (after London and Birmingham). Glasgow was founded in the middle of VI century, and in its history has always been considered one of the most important religious and educational centers in Scotland. Glasgow has contributed to economic growth by many factors. Foreign trade began to develop after 1668 at the mouth of the river at the initiative of the city council port was built to serve the needs of merchants Glasgow. Since 1674, with the arrival in port of the first cargo of tobacco, began transatlantic trade. In the American colonies sent ships with coal, textiles and other goods. In the same period, the industry started to grow - in 1667 opened soap factories and sugar refinery factory. From 1680 to 1730 was established on paper, glass and brick production in 1711 launched the first shipyard serving Glasgow and surrounding towns, and in 1736 opened a factory for the production of pressed tobacco, textile and steel mills, and in 1740 earned the dyeing workshops.

The cultural life of the city, declared European Capital of Culture 1990, is quite varied, and tourists are quite boring. The Glasgow based, most national organizations related to art: Scottish Opera, Scottish Ballet, the National Theatre of Scotland, Royal Scottish National Orchestra, BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra and the National Youth Theatre of Scotland. The repertoire of the Royal Theatre is staging classic plays, opera and ballet performances. At the theater variety show "Pavilion", founded in 1904, and met in the walls of the famous actress Sarah Bernhardt, held a variety of musicals and performances. In addition, he is the only private theater in Scotland. At the beginning of XX century was founded King's Theatre, which specialized - West endskih staging musicals, continues the tradition of Broadway. Other notable sites are Glasgow Tron Theatre, Citizens Theatre, and a number of smaller theaters, oriented to the modern and experimental drama.

Some facts about Glasgow

1(First).Glazgo - home of football club "Celtic", "Rangers" and "Partick Thistle", as well as amateur club "Queen's Park", the speaker in the second division of Scottish football league. Despite the existing network of roads within the city of Glasgow, the proportion of citizens who do not know the car, and prefer to use public transport, much higher than the average for Scotland.

2 (Second). Despite the existing network of roads within the city of Glasgow, the proportion of citizens who do not know the car, and prefer to use public transport, much higher than the average for Scotland.

3 (Third).- Glasgow subway line - the third year of foundation of the world (after London and Budapest).

4.(Fourth) A lot of people was born in Glasgow, who have achieved international fame and notoriety. Among them: Sir Thomas Lipton (founder of the brand of tea "Lipton"), Sir John Alexander Macdonald (First Prime Minister of Canada), Mark Knopfler (musician-virtuoso, composer, founder and lead singer of Dire Straits), Allan Pinkerton (founder of the famous detective agency), Sir Alex Ferguson (popular in England footballer, coach of "Manchester United", won the Champions League three times.)

5.(Fifth) Scotland is considered the country with the perfect set of the education system. It is in Scotland, not in England, the USA or other countries considered prestigious in the higher circles of society's education, and, as a school, and higher education. Glasgow is an outstanding representative of an educated population.

Particular attention should be paid to that with what Scotland is associated in most people - the national costume. Traditionally, except skirts - kilt, the Scottish national dress (Highland dress) is a tweed jacket (tweed jacket), a simple long stockings takes and leather sporran (sporran), - a purse that hangs on a narrow strap covering the hips. This option suits worn during the day. For evening, there is another version of the costume - skirt kilt is worn with a fur sporranom, stockings with their specific tartan, complicated frill trimmed jacket and shirt. Scottish berettam-o'-shanter - this wool hat with pompom borderless or pen on top. Temeshente are usually slightly sliding sideways. Takes its name was named after the hero of the poem by Robert Burns of the same name. Mention should also be a costume piece, like a knife. True Highlander (Highlander) for his right to wear a stocking knife, the handle which cerned engraved thistle flower and imbedding topaz. It should be noted that if the mountaineer knife stuck inside the legs, then the Scottish tradition, this meant - a declaration of war. Civilians are always the knife from the outside.

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