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Vladimir Putin (born 7 October 1952 is a Russian politician who served as Russian President from 2000 to 2008, and from 2012. Between 2008-2012, he served as Russian prime Minister making him the most powerful and de facto leader in Russia during this time in office.
Vladimir Putin (born 7 October 1952 is a Russian politician who served as Russian President from 2000 to 2008, and from 2012. Between 2008-2012, he served as Russian prime Minister making him the most powerful and de facto leader in Russia during this time in office.
From a young age, Putin was keen on sports, especially martial arts, such as Judo. He has maintained an interest in sports during his time as a politician.
Putin studied Law at Leningrad State university, writing a PhD thesis on the importance of energy policy for future Russian economic success. After graduating in 1975, he joined the KGB. He was involved in monitoring foreigners and consular officials in Leningrad. From 1985 to 1990 he was posted to Dresden, East Germany. On the collapse of the East German government, he returned to Leningrad where he was involved in surveillance of the student body.
In August 1981, there was an attempted coup by Communist hardlines with links to military and KGB against Mikhail Gorbachev. On the second day of the putsch, Putin resigned from the KGB and sought to pursue a political career. Putin said the decision to resign from the KGB was hard, but he didn’t support the direction of the coup and the hardliners.
In 1997, Boris Yeltsin appointed him to the position of deputy chief of the Presidential staff. In 1999, with the backing of Yeltsin, he was voted as Prime Minister of Russia. When Yeltsin, unexpectedly resigned a few months later, Putin became the default President of Russia.
During the early years of his Presidency, Putin gained substantial popular backing because of his hardline on military issues (such as war in Chechyna) and overseeing a return to economic stability. He cultivated a macho ‘action man’ image of fearless leader and sportsman, helped by his sporting and KGB past. This image was attractive to voters. Importantly, after a decade of inflation and falling living standards, during the 2000s, Russia embarked on a sustained period of economic growth, falling unemployment and rising living standards. The strong performance of the economy was attributable to the rising price of oil and gas (increasing value of Russia’s exports) and strong macro-economic management.
Early in his leadership, he came to an arrangement with the new Russian ‘oligarchs’ powerful businessmen who had gained control of former state owned industries. Putin made a deal where they agreed to start paying tax and avoiding politics, in return for leaving them free to pursue their business interests. This helped raise revenue for the government and reduced the political influence of the Oligarchs.
In 2008, unable to run for a third term as President, he ran for Prime minister, with his dual political aid Medvedec becoming President. However, it was Putin who remained the most powerful figure.
In 2012, Putin was re-elected for a third term as President, however, for the first time this led to widespread protests at the lack of democracy in Russia. Increasingly, Putin’s regime has been criticised for being dictatorial and avoiding a true democracy.
For example, former Russian President Gorbachev, who was initially a supporter of Putin said he was disappointed by the increased disrespect for democracy and authoritarian tendencies. In 2007, Gorbachev said Putin had 'pulled Russia out of chaos'. But, in 2011 criticised Putin for seeking a third term as President. Gorbachev was severely critical of the 2011 elections. "The results do not reflect the will of the people," Mr Gorbachev said at the time. "Therefore I think they [Russia's leaders] can only take one decision – annul the results of the election and hold new ones." (Gorbachev calls on Putin to resign)
On July 28, 1983 Putin married Lyudmila Shkrebneva.They have two daughters, Maria Putina (born 1985) and Yekaterina (Katya) Putina (born 1986 in Dresden). Putin himself is a practicing member of the Russian Orthodox Church. His religious awakening followed the serious car crash of his wife in 1993, and was deepened by a life-threatening fire that burned down their dacha in August 1996. Right before an official visit to Israel his mother gave him his baptismal cross telling him to get it blessed “I did as she said and then put the cross around my neck. I have never taken it off since.”
Putin has been hailed by Patriarch Alexius II of the Russian Orthodox Church as instrumental in healing the 80-year schism between it and the Russian Orthodox Church outside Russia in May 2007. Putin was supportive of the Russian Orthodox church in supporting the imprisonment of members of 'Pussy Riot' the pop group who protested about Putin and the Church. However, the decision to imprison members of Pussy Riot was widely condemned across the world for breaching human rights.
Citation: Pettinger, Tejvan. " Biography of Vladimir Putin ", Oxford, www.biographyonline.net 26 Dec. 2012
Catherine 'Kate' Middleton Biography
Catherine Elizabeth "Kate" Middleton (born 9 January 1982) married to Prince William of Wales, elder son of Prince Charles, and the late Diana, Princess of Wales.
After her marriage, the official title of Miss Catherine Middleton is - Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Cambridge.
Photos from Royal Wedding
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