Exercises 2. A) Q1: Having read the second part of the chapter, what do you think the title of the subchapter (“What you seek is what you find”) means?

A) Q1: Having read the second part of the chapter, what do you think the title of the subchapter (“What you seek is what you find”) means?

(a) Economists can always find the right solutions to problems – that is why economics is so powerful nowadays.

(b) The main findings of political economy are almost identical to reality.

(c) The results of a particular research depend largely on the chosen assumptions, concepts and methodology.

(d) The chosen methodology of the study of a particular problem determines what results we can expect.

Q2: Which intellectual perspective considers economic classes (or the representatives of class interests such as interest groups, etc.) as the fundamental actors in economic affairs? (p. 34)

(a) Liberals

(b) Realists

(c) Political economy

(d) Marxists

Q3: Who believes that the world is populated exclusively by rational (selfish) consumers and producers? (p. 34)

(a) Liberals

(b) Realists

(c) Political economists

(d) Neoclassical economists

Q4: What do the following abbreviations refer to: EMS and ERM (http://www.dip-badajoz.es/eurolocal/entxt/emu/antecedentes/sme.htm)? (p. 35)

(a) Exchange Monetary System; Exchange Ratio Mechanism

(b) European Monopoly System; European Ratio of Merchandise

(c) European Monetary System; Exchange Rate Mechanism

(d) European Money System; European Rate Mechanism

Q5: How did economists tackle the political factors of the European crisis of 1992-93 (see more in Chapter 9)? (p. 35)

(a) external factors

(b) internal factors

(c) externalities

(d) internalities

Q6: Which of the following is a synonym for external? (p. 35 and 36)

(a) endogenous

(b) internal

(c) exogenous

(d) extraterritorial

Q7: What do we mean by the term “external factors”? (p. 35)

(a) Given, that is, they are out of the scope of our analysis.

(b) Given, that is, they are within the scope of our analysis.

(c) Not given, that is, they should be determined within our model.

(d) Not given, that is, they should not be determined within our model.

Q8: The 1992 financial crisis illustrates nicely that both… (p. 37)

(a) personal market forces and the policies of powerless governments can determine the steadiness of world economy

(b) impersonal market forces and the policies of powerful governments can determine the dynamics of world economy

(c) impersonal market forces and the policies of powerful governments can slightly influence the dynamics of world economy

(d) personal market forces and the actions of powerful governments can determine the dynamic relationships of world politics

B) Please fill in the table with proper words and / or expression below. Each one fits into one single cell only. (Note: there are two extra answers as well which cannot be fitted into any of the six cells below.)

	Economists	Political scientists
Q1: Is Japan forming a trading bloc in Pacific Asia?	B	D
Q2: Does Japan use foreign direct investment in the region to achieve national goals?	H	E
Q3: Does Japan have the qualities of leadership?	F	A

Remark: each question in the table refers to the specific parts of the book, titled Regionalism and rivalry: Japan and the United States in Pacific Asia.

A: The Japanese have attempted to create and dominate an East Asian sphere of influence just like in the thirties in order to become regional leaders. However, at present, they utilise peaceful economic means, and not military force.

B: Although interregional trade in Pacific Asia had evidently grown, it grew to a lesser degree than the trade between Pacific Asia and the rest of the world.

C: The Japanese were cautious about their marketing activities and tried to sell as many products in the region as possible. Such an activity closely resembles to that of Anglo-Saxon corporations.

D: Japanese corporations supported by active state policies attempted to form a regional trading, industrial and financial entity.

E: The giant Japanese multinational corporations tried to achieve national goals by very active capital investment in the region.

F: There is no single attempt of the Japanese to create an exclusive economic sphere in the region.

G: Although the Japanese wanted to increase their influence substantially in the East Asian region, the USA fought this attempt back successfully and now it is the US corporations that try to create a regional trading block.

H: FDI in the region simply follows economic rational. The appreciation of the Japanese national currency, the yen, and the subsequent changes in the comparative advantage of Japan made it necessary for Japan to reallocate its resources.

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