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Unit 1. We are all friends now
helpful hard-working careful/caring/care respectful/respectable/respect calm/calmness cheerful/cheerfulness generous/generosity loyal/loyalty humorous/sense of humour social/sociability punctual/punctuality reliable/reliability talented/talent ambitious/ambition artistic sporty supportive talkative dynamic adventurous chatty conscientious considerate creative wise | fall slightly and then level off dip/fall slightly and quickly recover fall gradually/decrease steadily fluctuate/be erratic hit a low/reach their lowest point hit a peak/reach a high plummet/plunge remain stable/stabilize rise gradually/increase slowly but surely soar/rocket a climb/a decline/a dip/a drop/a fall/an increase/a peak/a plunge/a rise/fluctuations settle into university life integrate into university life draw on internationally recognized expertise settle down more easily into university life ascertain (students’) views about pioneering research key factor influence |
Unit 2. Technology-now and then
achieve achievement advance advancement affect effect attract attraction damage damage destroy destruction deteriorate deterioration enhance enhancement foster fostering harm harm improve improvement impact impact increase increase influence influence produce production promote promotion reduce reduction result result ruin ruin shape shape important = critical/crucial/essential/key/vital unimportant = insignificant/trivial although/but/however as/because/since also/furthermore/moreover/similarly/what is more accordingly/therefore in order to for example/for instance | bring about an increase in… bring about the destruction of… cause (enormous) damage to… change the shape of… do harm to… have a/an (dramatic) effect (on…) / (huge) impact (on…) / (positive/negative) influence (on…) lead to an (significant) improvement (in…) / reduction in… lead to the ruin of… make better links between… result in a (sharp) deterioration in… appealing unappealing convenient inconvenient effective ineffective harmful harmless important unimportant inspiring uninspiring necessary unnecessary practical impractical significant insignificant useful useless valuable invaluable worthwhile worthless the process of urbanization go hand in hand with emerge as the center of become the seat of exercised a certain degree of there is reason to believe that can be regarded as the culmination of |
Unit 3. Thrill seekers
Sport | Place | Equipment | Types of sports |
body building | gym | weights | indoor |
boxing | ring | gloves/shorts | combat |
diving | sea/reefs | oxygen tanks | water |
fishing | lake | rod | outdoor |
football | pitch | ball/goal | field |
golf | ourse | clubs/irons | field/ outdoor |
horse riding | course | saddle | equestrian |
running | track | shoes/spikes | |
swimming | pool | costume/trunks | water |
tennis | court | racket/ball | racket sports |
skating | skating rink | skates | winter |
street racing | car | motor |
Verbs | Adjectives |
annoy | annoying/annoyed |
bore | boring/bored |
challenge | challenging/challenged |
electrify | electrifying/electrified |
excite | exciting/excited |
exhilarate | exhilarating/ exhilarated |
fascinate | fascinating/fascinated |
interest | interesting/interested |
invigorate | invigorating/invigorated |
irritate | irritating/irritated |
motivate | motivating/motivated |
thrill | thrilling/thrilled |
addicted to | fond of |
bored with | indifferent to |
capable of | interested in |
enthusiastic about | keen on |
fanatical about | passionate about |
thrill with/about | mad about |
a third of (the number of)… a quarter of… half of… twice as many as… three times as many as… five times the number of half as many… forty/40% of… over fifty/50% of… a smaller proportion of… the bulk of… three/four out of every ten… | build the foundation of… become a guinea pig create the illustration of ensure the experience as memorable figure out how to… push the boundaries of… relieve the (terrifying) experiences suppress trigger the release of a … understand the broad effects of… |
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