Vocabulary.

federal	-	федеральний
federative	-	федеративний
federation	-	федерація
unit	-	одиниця, відділ, розділ
district	-	район, дільниця,округа
office	-	служба, посада
Senate	-	Сенат
House of Representatives	-	палата представників
to renew	-	поновлювати, робити новим
to guarantee	-	гарантувати
Preamble	-	преамбула, вступ, передмова
amendment	-	поправка (до закону), виправлення
to search	-	розшукувати, шукати
cause	-	причина
reason	-	причина, привід, підстава
to permit	-	дозволяти; допускати
permission	-	дозвіл
court	-	суд
to determine	-	визначати, встановлювати
permanent	-	постійний, незмінний

Ex. 1. Read and translate the words into Ukrainian.

Republic, declaration, federation, territory, vice-president, army, person, residence, congress, senator, preamble, bill, police, arrest, structure, function, competence, conflict.

Ex. 2. Translate into Ukrainian. Define the parts of the speech.

Independence, federative, territorial, legislation, judicial, government, election, permission, law, membership, federation, legislative, member, police, court, independent.

Ex. 3. Translate the word-combinations into Ukrainian.

The independence of the USA, the capital of the country, a government of three branches, the legislative branch of the government, the duties of the president, the elections of the vice-president, the Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Navy of the USA, the office of president, the official residence of the president, the House of Representatives, the executive body of the USA, a term of four years, the Constitution of the USA, arrest of a person, permission of a court.

Ex. 4. Open the brackets and put the verbs into the right forms. Define the voice of the verbs.

1. The independence of the USA (to declare) in 1776.

2. The federation (to include) 50 states.

3. The Constitution of the USA (to write) in 1787.

4. The President (to carry out) many duties as head of the executive branch of the government.

5. The senators (to elect) for a term of six years.

6. The Constitution (to guarantee) the rights, freedom and justice to all.

7. The Congress (to consist) of the Senate and the House of Representatives.

Ex. 5. Translate the sentences into Russian. Pay attention to the usage of the Passive Voice.

1. The work of the government is carried out through the various government departments.

2. The government decisions are being discussed in the press and broadcasting systems.

3. The government will have been formed by the beginning of Parliament vocations.

4. The English criminal law has never been reduced to a single code.

5. The State Budget had been adopted by the end of last year.

6. The House of Commons is presided over by the Speaker.

7. You have the right to call a lawyer and to have one present while you are being questioned.

8. The man was convicted for what he had not done.

9. That house was being built when we came here.

Ex. 6. Make the following interrogative and negative. Translate them.

1. The Criminal Law has been codified since the Criminal Act of New Zealand 1893.

2. The Parliament had passed the important law before going on holiday.

3. The investigation will have been finished successfully by the end of the week.

4. The criminal has been caught at last.

5. The Common Law offences had been codified by 1986.

Ex. 7. Change the following sentences into Passive.

1. Modern scientists have made many wonderful discoveries.

2. They will have published this document by the end of the year.

3. He has done very little work recently.

4. By Saturday he had found all the necessary material.

5. She had finished her work by this time yesterday.

6. The students had translated the text before the bell rang.

7. The Government will have taken a number of bills by the end of the year.

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