Generalization

Перекладіть речення, визначивши слова, при перекладі яких доцільно застосувати трансформацію генералізації:

1. Industrialization usually goes hand in hand with agrarian reform, if for no other reason than that an agrarian revolution allows a relatively small agrarian labor force to feed a larger manufacturing work force. 2. Other industries such as chemicals and mining and the engineering professions also developed rapidly. 3. Technology is a major cultural determinant, no less important in shaping human lives than philosophy, religion, social organization, or political systems. In the broadest sense, these forces are also aspects of technology. 4. Under these circumstances private inventors are likely to play a progressively smaller role in bringing about innovation, although they are not likely to disappear altogether. 5. Any major technological development is attended by proponents and opponents with conflicting interests, such as business, labor, the administrative and technical elite, politicians, environmentalists, economists, and public advocates. 6. The promise of technology assessment is that an impartial body such as the OTA can lay aside all vested interests and provide decision makers with rational advice as to which developments are truly in the public interest. 7. Even more effective is transfer of the technology itself, by the provision of blueprints, models, designs, patents, and other know-how and by the establishment of workshops, factories, training programs, and agricultural and engineering colleges. 8. For example, many of the biggest pharmaceutical producers in the United States are involved in the search for genetically improved plants and animals and for genetically engineered vaccines. 9. Pest populations are typically reduced immediately by the application of an effective pesticide. 10. A neutron in a nuclear reactor can meet one of several fates: it can be absorbed in the fuel, producing fission and more neutrons; it can be absorbed by nonfissionable materials in the reactor core and thus lost; it can be absorbed by a fertile material. 11. Of prime importance in their industrial impact were developments in the fields of chemistry and chemical engineering. 12. The degree to which a given organism is able to acclimatize has its bases in the genetics of the organism. 13. Accounts of the actual testing of scientific theories tend to be rather technical and often require the use of statistics. 14. Far less agreement exists concerning the details of positive prescriptions for science. 15. Today, approximately 2,300 elected fellows grouped in four specialty classes pursue the same broad purposes as their Revolutionary-era predecessors. 16. Animal experimentation is used primarily in research and teaching in such areas as product safety and effectiveness, disease states and possible cures, and anatomy and physiology. 17. They did not have permanent settlements but made small camps near watering places, building windbreaks and huts. 18. These and other intellectual underpinnings of technology are taken for granted in developed countries but are in short supply in most less-developed countries. 19. Agricultural technology is another field requiring the financial inputs that only large firms can afford. 20. To make matters worse, pest species frequently develop genetic resistance to particular pesticides. 21. A nuclear fission reactor that produces as much fuel as (or more fuel than) it consumes is called a breeder reactor. 22. Science may be broadly defined as the development and systematization of positive knowledge about the physical universe. 23. In the late 1980s some American colleges and universities tried to prevent speech offensive to minority groups. 24. In theology, the absolute is sometimes viewed as a personal creator (God) who is the "ground of being" and the source of value. 25. Akers restructured the corporation in 1988 by creating independent divisions of IBM and moved to improve customer services, to make IBM computers compatible with one another, and to strengthen IBM's position in the expanding high-margin supercomputer market.

Дата добавления: 2015-08-27