Examples. • Formic acid or methanoic acid (CH2O2) • Pentanoic acid or valeric acid (C5H10O2)

• Formic acid or methanoic acid (CH₂O₂) • Pentanoic acid or valeric acid (C₅H₁₀O₂)

• Acetic acid or ethanoic acid (C₂H₄O₂) • Butanoic acid (C₄H₈O₂)

• Benzoic acid (C₇H₆O₂) • Toluic acid (C₈H₈O₂)

Esters

In inorganic chemistry, alkalis react with acids to form salts. Similarly, in organic chemistry, hydroxyl compounds (alcohols and phenols) react with oxoacids (acids that contain oxygen) to form esters. Thus, esters are nothing but salts of alcohols and acids. The most common esters are those derived from carboxylic acids. The process by which carboxylic acids react with alcohols in the presence of hydrochloric or sulfuric acids, is termed as esterification. The reaction involves the replacement of the hydroxyl (OH) group of the acid with the alkoxy (R'O) group of the alcohol. Esters can also be formed from acid anhydrides, acyl chlorides, carboxylate salts, and other esters.

Дата добавления: 2015-08-27