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Nickel(II) forms a great variety of coordination compounds, in which there may be either six ligands (octahedral or distorted octahedral), five ligands (square pyramidal or trigonal biprism) or four (tetrahedral or square planar), and which may be cationic, neutral or anionic. The simple hydrated cation [Ni(H2O)6]2+ is octahedral; addition of concentrated aqueous ammonia in excess to an aqueous solution of a nickel(II) salt gives the purple octahedral complex [Ni(NH3)6]2+ by replacement of the water ligands; this forms sparingly soluble salts with some anions, for example Br-. The scarlet-coloured coordination compounds formed when dimethylglyoxime is added to anickel(II) solution is a neutral planar coordination compounds:
If nickel(II) cyanide, Ni(CN)2, is dissolved in excess potassium cyanide, the orange-red complex salt K2Ni(CN)4.H2O can be crystallized out; this contains the stable square-planar [Ni(CN)4]2– anion.
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COMPLEXES OF COBALT | | | TESTS FOR IRON |